An annotated checklist of the land snail family Orthalicidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea) in Ecuador, with notes on the distribution of the mainland species Author Breure, Abraham S. H. Author Borrero, Francisco J. text Zootaxa 2008 1768 1 40 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.274265 fcf6c4eb-75e1-45f1-921c-2cbeb8127dc0 1175-5326 274265 Genus Drymaeus Albers, 1850 Subgenus Drymaeus (Drymaeus) Albers, 1850 Type species: Helix hygrohylaea d’Orbigny, 1835 . Distribution: Venezuela , Brazil , Uruguay , Argentina , Bolivia , Peru , Ecuador , Colombia , Panama , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Honduras , Guatemala , Mexico . 104. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) aequatorianus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: Ecuador . Lectotype BMNH 1975137 ( Breure 1979 ). Distribution: Carchi, 1,5 hour walk W Chical ( FLMNH 26617)*; San Nicolás ( FMNH 31409). “ Ecuador ” ( ANSP 25752, 78535; BMNH 1975137/1 paralectotype ; ZMZ 512312). Remarks: These are the first exact localities reported for this species. 105. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) albolabiatus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: Malacatos. Holotype BMNH 1877.3.28.3. Distribution: Loja , Malacatos. “Oriente Prov.” ( FMNH 72339). 106. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) ambustus (Reeve, 1849) Type locality: No locality given. Syntypes BMNH 1975441, 1975442; labelled “between Tucunga and Ambato”. Bulimus chamaeleon Pfeiffer, 1855 is considered a junior synonym ( Syntypes BMNH 1975443; labelled as “near Quito”). Distribution: Pichincha , Pomasqui ( FLMNH 176052)*; 3 km NE Cayambe ( FLMNH 37397)*; Cotopaxi/Tungurahua : between Jacunga [Latacunga] and Ambato ( BMNH 1975441, 1975442). “Quito” ( CMC C11760; FMNH 31480, 61126; ZMA ). “ Ecuador ” ( ZMA ). 107. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) andai (Jousseaume, 1898) Type locality: Tena. Lectotype MNHN (designated and figured by Breure 1976 ). Distribution: Napo , Tena ( MNHN ). 108. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) baezensis (Hidalgo, 1869) Type locality: Baeza. Distribution: Napo , Baeza. Without locality ( RMNH ). 109. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) bourcieri (Pfeiffer, 1853) Type locality: Pichincha. Lectotype BMNH 1975446 ( Breure 1979 ). Distribution: Pichincha [no specific locality] ( BMNH 1975447/1 paralectotype ); Tungurahua , Chaupi ( FMNH 72599). “ Ecuador ” ( ANSP 5249; RMNH ; ZMA ; ZMZ 512161). Remarks: This is the first precise locality for this species. 110. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) buckleyi (Sowerby, 1895) Type locality: Ecuador . Lectotype BMNH 1907.11.21.48 (designated, redescribed and figured by Breure & Eskens 1981 ). Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” ( BMNH 1907.11.21.49-50/2 paralectotypes ). 111. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) chimborasensis (Reeve, 1848) Type locality: Chimborazo. Syntypes BMNH 1975460. Distribution: Chimborazo [probably on the slopes of Mt. Chimborazo, which could also be in provs. Bolívar or Tungurahua]. 112. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) decoratus (Lea, 1838) Type locality: Colombia , near Carthagena. Distribution: Napo , Llanganate [Cordillera de Llanganatis] ( NRS ). 113. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) elegantissimus (Mousson, 1873) ** Type locality: Northern part of South America . Distribution: Morona-Santiago , Cusuimi ( FMNH 173042, 173043)*. Remarks: This is the first Ecuadorian locality for this species, which has been reported from Colombia (Pilsbry 1899: 211). 114. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) expansus (Pfeiffer, 1848) Type locality: Peru , Huallaga. Distribution: Tungurahua , Topo ( ANSP 306773)*. “ Ecuador ” ( ZMZ 511962). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) expansus altorum ( Weyrauch, 1958 ) Type locality: Peru , Río Chanchamayo, Quirimi Sur, above Puente Herreria. Holotype SMF 156295. Distribution: Morona-Santiago , Cusuimi ( FMNH 173050)*. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) expansus orcesi ( Weyrauch, 1958 ) Type locality: Montalvo, Río Bobonaza, 340 m . Holotype SMF 156292 (refigured by Neubert & Janssen 2004 ). Distribution: Napo , Sarayacu; Orellana , Loreto; Pastaza , Montalvo (all Weyrauch 1958 ). 115. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fallax (Pfeiffer, 1853) Type locality: Tungurahua. Bulimus abscissu s Pfeiffer, 1855 is now considered a junior synonym (syn. nov.) . The type material is labelled “Quito” (ex Cuming collection, BMNH 1969142). Distribution: Pastaza , Puyo ( ANSP 170713 ); Pichincha , Quito ( ANSP 5247; ZMZ 512145; ZMZ 512413, as Bulimus abscissus Pfeiffer ), Nono [Mitad del Mundo] ( CMNH 86212); near Nanegal ( ANSP 195213; ZMB ); Santo Domingo de los Colorados ( ANSP 306782)* ( FMNH 85376). “ Ecuador ” ( MCZ 227645). Remarks: There are two places called Puyo, one is in Azuay province at 2850 m altitude, the other is in Pastaza province at 1000 m . Given the type locality and the altitudinal range of the other localities (up to 1500 m ), it is probable that the Pastaza locality is meant, rather than the centrally located Puyo in Azuay province. 116. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fordii Pilsbry, 1898 Type locality: None given. Lectotype ANSP 72368a ( Breure 1979 ). Distribution: Morona-Santiago , Miasal; Orellana , Loreto (both according to Weyrauch 1958 ). 117. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fucatus (Reeve, 1849) Type locality: [ Colombia ] Sebundoi. Lectotype BMNH 1874.12.11.224 ( Breure 1979 ); labelled “ New Granada ”. Distribution: Pichincha , near Nanegal ( ZMB ). “ Ecuador ” ( ZMZ 512131). Remarks: Sebundoi, often referred to as an Ecuadorian locality, is most likely Sibundoy in Colombia , Department of Putumayo [ 01° 11' 00" N 76° 55' 00" W ]. We have been unable to locate the other localities mentioned by Pilsbry (1898: 234): “Lumaco”; “near San Florencio and on the way to Manabe” [Manabí?]. 118.? Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fusoides (d’Orbigny, 1835) Type locality: Bolivia , Dept. La Paz, Prov. Yungas. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “Quito” ( ZMZ 512101). “ Ecuador ” ( ANSP 78538). Remarks: The occurrence of this Bolivian species remains to be corroborated. 119. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) hidalgoi (Da Costa, 1898) Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1907.11.21.28. Distribution: Napo , Nachiyacu ( ANSP 170712 ); Pastaza , Mera ( FMNH 125503, labelled as “Meva”). “ Ecuador ” ( BMNH 1907.11.21.29-30/2 paratypes ). Remarks: These are the first exact localities for this species. 120. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) inaequalis (Pfeiffer, 1857) Type locality: Peru , banks of the Maranhon [Río Marañon]. Distribution: Napo , Nachiyacu ( ANSP 170711 ). 121. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) membielinus (Crosse, 1867) Type locality: Ecuador . Distribution: Napo (see Pilsbry 1898: 210); Orellana , Loreto ( Weyrauch 1958 ). “ Ecuador ” ( ZMH 7269). 122. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) murrinus (Reeve, 1848) Type locality: Colombia , Bogotá. Lectotype BMNH 1975213 ( Breure 1979 ). A synonym is Bulimus convexus Pfeiffer, 1855 ( type locality: New Granada ; lectotype BMNH 1975192, figured by Breure & Eskens 1981 : Pl. 8 Fig. 7). Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” ( BMNH , type of Bulimus convexus Pfeiffer ; ZMZ 512156). 123. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) nystianus (Pfeiffer, 1853) Type locality: Ecuador . Lectotype BMNH 1975573 ( Breure 1979 ). Distribution: Napo , Cerro Antisana ( ANSP 186859; FMNH 125506; MCZ 193332); Pichincha , Pomasqui ( ANSP 25804; BMNH 1975574/1 paralectotype , labelled “Valley of Pomasqui”; ZMA ); Machachi ( FLMNH 22973)*; Tumbaco (Pilsbry 1898: 263). “near Quito” ( ANSP 76001); “Quito” ( CMC C11761; FMNH 31326, 78753; RMNH ; ZMH 7271; ZMZ 512148). “ Ecuador ” ( RMNH ; ZMA ). 124. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) ochrocheilus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: Malacatos. Holotype BMNH 1877.3.28.4. Distribution: Loja , Malacatos. 125. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) orthostomus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1975132. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” (BMNH 1975133/2 paratypes ; ZMZ 512105). Remarks: This species is only known from the type material, a lot in the ZMZ (both with the imprecise locality) and a lot in FMNH without locality (FMNH 31469). E.A. Smith (1877) compared this species with Drymaeus albolabiatus , which is said to have a slightly different colour pattern and a somewhat smaller aperture. The two taxa may prove to be synonyms. 126. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) peeliii (Reeve, 1859) Type locality: Peruvian side of Amazonas. Distribution: Pastaza , Canelos (Pilsbry 1898: 205). “ Ecuador ” (FMNH 77540; ZMZ 512573). 127. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) petasites ( Miller, 1878 ) Type locality: Nanegal, Sebondoi, Pilatón valley. Distribution: Los Rios , 35 mi E of Quevedo (FMNH 106260)*; Pichincha , Nanegal; valley of Río Pilatón; ? , “Los Puentes” (FMNH 31083). “ Ecuador ” (ZMA). Remarks: As the type locality as given by Miller (1878) is a mixture of localities from Ecuador and Colombia [see also the remarks under Drymaeus (D.) fucatus ], it is here restricted to Nanegal. 128. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) planibasis Pilsbry, 1932 Type locality: above Chunchi, Pagma forest. Holotype ANSP 148436a. Distribution: Chimborazo , Chunchi (ANSP). 129. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) quadrifasciatus (Angas, 1878) Type locality: Ecuador . Lectotype BMNH 1879.1.21.3. Bulimus napo Angas, 1878 ( type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1879.1.21.4) is considered a junior synonym by Weyrauch (1958: 128) . Distribution: Pichincha , Nanegal (EPN, according to Weyrauch 1958 ); Tungurahua , Cerro Tungurahua near Baños (FMNH 72597). 130. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) rabuti (Jousseaume, 1898) Type locality: Tena. Lectotype MNHN (designated and figured by Breure 1976 ). Distribution: Napo , Tena. 131. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) rhoadsi Pilsbry, 1932 Type locality: Pachijal. Holotype ANSP 148440. Distribution: Pichincha , Río Pachijal (ANSP). 132. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) rubrovariegatus (Higgins, 1868) ** Type locality: Peru , Huamachuco. Syntypes BMNH 1868.4.3.1. Distribution: El Oro , 6 km N Zaruma on road to Malvas (FLMNH 37402)*. 133. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) sachsei (Albers, 1854) Type locality: Peru , Río Marañon. Lectotype ZMB 10290a (designated and figured by Köhler 2007 ). Distribution: Chimborazo , Huigra (FMNH 78757); Loja , Catamayo ( type locality of the junior synonym Mormus catamayensis Miller, 1879); Loja (ZMH 9768). ” Ecuador ” (ZMA). 134.? Drymaeus (Drymaeus) scitulus (Reeve, 1849) ** Type locality: Peru , Chachapoyas. Lectotype BMNH 1975217 (designated by Breure & Eskens 1981 ). Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. ” Ecuador ” (FLMNH 109353, 109354). Remarks: The occurrence in Ecuador of this easily recognizable Peruvian species needs corroboration. If so, it may be expected in the southern part of the country. 135. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) strigatus (Sowerby, 1833) Type locality: Peru , Huallaga. Distribution: Morona-Santiago , Cusuima (FMNH 173048). “ Ecuador ” (FMNH 77563; ZMZ 512121). 136. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) subeffusus (Philippi, 1869) ** Type locality: Peru , Huancayo, Coyllorbamba. Distribution: Loja , Macará (FMNH 31317). 137. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) tigrinus (Da Costa, 1898) Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1907.11.21.55. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. Remarks: Pilsbry (1898: 231) suggests that this taxon may be a junior synonym of Drymaeus strigatus (Reeve, 1848) , which occurs in northern Peru . If he is correct, this species might be expected to occur in southern Ecuador . 138. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) violaceus (Mousson, 1873) Type locality: In the northern part of South America . Distribution: Pichincha , hill N of Tandapi, 71.7 km SW Quito on the road to Santo Domingo , 1600 m (RMNH)*. 139. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) volsus Fulton, 1907 Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1907.5.3.162. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” (BMNH). Remarks: Known from the type material only. Subgenus Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850 Type species: Helix virgulata Férussac, 1821 . Distribution: West Indies, Venezuela , Guiana , Surinam , French Guyana , Brazil , Peru , Ecuador , Colombia , Panama , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , El Salvador , Honduras , Guatemala , Belize , Mexico , USA . 140. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) cactivorus (Broderip, 1832) Type locality: Colombia “ad montem Chris”. A junior synonym is Mormus occidentalis Miller, 1879, type locality: Guyaquil. Distribution: Guayas , 3 km E Zapotal (FLMNH 139105)*; 11 km W Progreso (FLMNH 139108)*. Remarks: The type locality might be Cerro Montecristi in Manabí [ 01° 03' 00" S 080° 40' 00" W ] instead of a place in Colombia , where this species has not been found so far. According to the GNS there are two places named Progreso in Guayas province [ 01° 46' 00" S 079° 45' 00" W and 01° 53' 00" S 079° 52' 00" W respectively]. Given the record for Zapotal, it is most probably that a place named Gómes Rendón was meant for which the GNS lists as variant Progreso. 141.? Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) fidustus (Reeve, 1849) Type locality: [ Colombia , Sibundoy]. Lectotype BMNH 1975517 ( Breure 1979 ). Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “New Grenada , Sebundoi” (BMNH 1975518/1 paralectotype ). Remarks: This species is tentatively referred to Ecuador on the authority of Miller (1878) . The type locality is just across the border from northern Ecuador , in southwestern Colombia . 142. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) flavidulus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: South Ecuador , Zarama. Lectotype BMNH 1975134. Distribution: El Oro , “Zarama” [sic, Zaruma] (BMNH 1877.3.28.1/1 paralectotype ). 143. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) loxanus (Higgins, 1872) Type locality: Loja. Lectotype BMNH 1975552. Distribution:? Loja [no specific locality known]. “ New Granada ” (ZMB). 144. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) loxensis (Pfeiffer, 1846) Type locality: Ecuador , El Catamaija prope Loxa. Lectotype BMNH 1975553 (Figured by Breure & Eskens 1981 ). Distribution: Loja , Catamayo (BMNH 1975554/1 paralectotype ). “Quito” (ZMZ 512331). “ Ecuador ” (CMNH 42426). 145.? Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) nigrofasciatus elongatulus Pilsbry, 1898 Type locality: Not given. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” (ZMZ 512303, as Thaumastus nigrofasciatus “Reeve 1849 or Pfeiffer”). Remarks: Pilsbry (1898: 308) mentions this subspecies from “Tequendano” on the authority of Strebel. We have been unable to locate this place in Ecuador . As this species is quite common around Bogotá, it is possible that Tequendama (W Bogotá) is meant. 146.? Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) serenus (Philippi, 1867) ** Type locality: Peru , Dept. Cajamarca, Hacienda Sunchubamba. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. “ Ecuador ” (FMNH 31279). Remarks: The occurrence of this Peruvian species needs to be corroborated. It could possibly be expected in the southern part of the country. 147. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) subpellucidus (E.A. Smith, 1877) Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1872.5.22.19. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. 148. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) wintlei Finch, 1929 Type locality: Ecuador . Holotype BMNH 1929.6.11.1. Distribution: ? [no specific locality known]. Drymaeus sp. Carchi , 2 km E Maldonado, 1550 m (FLMNH 26610)*; Loja , Loja (ZMH 9771) [labelled as Drymaeus poecilus (d’Orbigny) , which is however a Bolivian species]; Napo , 14.7 km NE Río Salado (FLMNH 22928)*; Pichincha , 9.5 km ESE Chiriboga (FLMNH 22942)*; Tungaruhua , Río Negro (MCZ 271635).