Two red macroalgae newly introduced into New Zealand: Pachymeniopsis lanceolata (K. Okamura) Y. Yamada ex S. Kawabata and Fushitsunagia catenata Filloramo et G. W. Saunders
Author
D’Archino, Roberta
Author
Zuccarello, Giuseppe C.
text
Botanica Marina
2021
Warsaw, Poland
2021-03-31
64
2
129
138
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2021-0013
journal article
10.1515/bot-2021-0013
1437-4323
11000093
3.2.1
Pachymeniopsis lanceolata
(
Figures 3–16
)
Thalli (
Figures 3–10
) were flattened, 14–35 (60) cm high and
6–15 cm
wide, and attached by a discoid holdfast, from which a short (
Figures 5–6, 9–10
) or nearly non-existent stipe arose (
Figures 3 and 4
). Thalli were solitary (
Figures 4 and 5
) or clustered (
Figure 8
), the blades were broadly lanceolate (
Figures 3, 4
, and 6) or irregularly divided (
Figures 6–8
). Old thalli became proliferous (
Figures 8 and 10
). Thalli were purplish-red to brownish, with a membranous texture that became leathery in old plants. Large thalli had a strong chlorine smell. Blades were 200– 600 µm thick (
Figures 11 and 12
), reaching up to
1 mm
in thickness in old specimens. The cortex consisted of anticlinal filaments (6) 8–12 cells long, the cells becoming progressively smaller toward the surface layer of elongate cells (
Figure 12
). The medulla was composed of sparsely to densely compacted filaments, 2–7 µm in diameter (
Figures 11 and 12
). Male gametophytes were found in winter, whereas cystocarps and tetrasporophytes were seen in summer. Tetrasporangia (
Figure 13
) were scattered over the blade (30–53 × 15–21 µm) and were cruciately divided. The carpogonial branch ampullae were monocarpogonial (
Figure 14
), 45–57 × 29–40 µm. The auxiliary cell ampullae (
Figure 15
) were 40–46 µm in length and 30–36 µm in width. The auxiliary cell was intercalary in one of the ampullar filaments and had 12 × 7 µm dimensions. Cystocarps (
Figure 16
) were 100–220 µm in diameter, immersed in the blades and surrounded by a rudimentary pericarp of lax ampullar filaments. The carposporophytes consisted of three synchronously maturing lobes and contained irregularly angular carpospores (15–22 × 10–13 µm).