A review of the Ptocasius Simon, 1885 spiders of Gaoligong Mountains, China (Araneae: Salticidae) Author Yang, Su-Fang 623A01EA-41AD-41AB-8CAD-EEFDB651F1DA Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. yangsu03-11@163.com Author Peng, Xian-Jin 87E11EB5-D918-4E67-841E-B291C651FE72 College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. xjpeng@126.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-11-07 903 1 1 61 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2321/10085 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2023.903.2321 2118-9773 10119638 036AB8E1-669E-499B-8CA7-141509A11F2C Ptocasius danzhu sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 97717A4A-757F-4167-A29C-E64133D89A7F Figs 5–7 , 42 Diagnosis The male of the new species resembles that of P. tenzingi Żabka, 1980 ( Żabka 1980 : figs 2, 4, 6, 8), but can be distinguished by: (1) embolus originating at about 9:00 o’clock position in ventral view ( Figs 5B , 7A ), while originating at about 8:00 o’clock in P. tenzingi ( Żabka 1980 : fig. 2); (2) genital lobe nearly rectangle in ventral view ( Figs 5B , 7A ), while globular in P. tenzingi ( Żabka 1980 : fig. 2); (3) tibial apophysis spatuliform, almost rectangle, tip triangular in retrolateral view ( Figs 5C , 7B ), while needle-shaped with pointed tip in P. tenzingi ( Żabka 1980 : fig. 4). The female of the new species resembles that of P. tenzingi ( Żabka 1980 : figs 11, 15, 18), but can be distinguished by: pockets present antero-laterally in ventral view ( Figs 6B , 7D ), while present mid-ventrally in P. tenzingi ( Żabka 1980 : fig. 15). Etymology The specific name is derived from the type locality Danzhu Village. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Yunnan Province , Nujiang Prefecture , Gongshan County , Danzhu Village , 15.7–16.0 km Southwest of Gongshan ; 27°37′37″ N , 98°35′31″ E to 27°37′19″ N , 98°35′14″ E ; 2800–3425 m a.s.l. ; 2 Jul. 2000 ; Heng-mei Yan , David Kavanaugh , Charles Griswold , Hong-bin Liang , Darrell Ubick and Da-zhi Dong leg.; HNU-00–GDS–1A. Fig. 5. Ptocasius danzhu sp. nov. , holotype, ♂ (HNU-00–GDS–1A). A . Body, dorsal view. B . Palp, ventral view. C . Palp, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. Paratypes (13 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀ ) CHINA – Yunnan Province • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-00–GDS–1P • 9 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀ ; Nujiang Prefecture , Gongshan County , Nujiang State Nature Reserve , Qiqi , 9.9 km West of Gongshan ; 27°42′55″ N , 98°33′55″ E ; 2000 m a.s.l. ; 9–14 Jul. 2000 ; Heng-mei Yan , David Kavanaugh , Charles Griswold , Hong-bin Liang , Darrell Ubick and Da-zhi Dong leg.; HNU-00–QF–2 • 1 ♀ ; Nujiang Prefecture , Nujiang State Nature Reserve , No. 12 bridge Camp area , 16.3 km West of Gongshan ; 27°42′54″ N , 98°30′08″ E ; 2775 m a.s.l. ; 15–19 Jul. 2000 ; Heng-mei Yan , David Kavanaugh , Charles Griswold , Hong-bin Liang , Darrell Ubick and Da-zhi Dong leg.; HNU-000709–2 • 1 ♂; Nujiang Prefecture , Gongshan County , Danzhu , 13.5 km Southwest of Gongshan ; 27°37′50″ N , 98°37′14″ E ; 2700 m a.s.l. ; 30 Jun.–5 Jul. 2000 ; David Kavanaugh , Charles Griswold , Hong-bin Liang , Darrell Ubick , Heng-mei Yan and Da-zhi Dong leg.; HNU-000709–3 . Description Male ( holotype ) BODY AND HEAD . Total length 4.60. Prosoma 2.10 long, 1.50 wide. Opisthosoma 2.50 long, 1.40 wide. Clypeus height 0.10. Carapace ( Fig. 5A ) light brown, covered with long white and brown hairs; margin black; ocular area dark black. Fovea short, reddish brown, radial groove indistinct. Eye diameter and interdistances:AME 0.45,ALE 0.25, PLE 0.25, AERW 1.25, PERW 1.20, EL 0.85. Sternum obpyriform, light yellow, densely covered with fine brown hairs, margin dark brown. Clypeus brown, promargin black, covered with a row of long brown hairs. Endites light brown, distal area light yellow, covered with black hairs. Labium triangular, brown, margin light brown, distal area covered with grayish black hairs. Fig. 6. Ptocasius danzhu sp. nov. , paratype, ♀ (HNU-00–GDS–1P). A . Body, dorsal view. B . Epigynum, ventral view. C . Vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. Fig. 7. Ptocasius danzhu sp. nov. A–C . Holotype, ♂ (HNU-00–GDS–1A). D–E . Paratype, ♀ (HNU-00– GDS–1P). A . Palp, ventral view. B . Palp, retrolateral view. C . Chelicerae, posterior view. D . Epigynum, ventral view. E . Vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. CHELICERAE ( Fig. 7C ). Brown, sparsely covered with long brown hairs, two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal denticle. LEGS . Light brown to brown, tibiae I relatively darker in color, bearing thin and weak spines. Tibiae I and II with three pairs of long ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with two pairs of long ventral spines. LEG MEASUREMENTS . I = 5.15 (1.60, 2.05, 0.90, 0.60), II = 4.00 (1.30, 1.50, 0.70, 0.50), III = 4.20 (1.30, 1.40, 1.00, 0.50), IV = 4.60 (1.40, 1.60, 1.00, 0.60). Leg formula: I–IV–III–II. ABDOMEN ( Fig. 5A ). Elongated oval, dorsum light brown with two black longitudinal bands, the posterior one with three pairs of inclined markings; the posterior median area with three short black arc-shaped markings, mid-dorsally with two pairs of sigillae, reddish brown; ventral light white with three black longitudinal bands. Spinnerets dark brown. PALP ( Figs 5B–C , 7A–B ). Longer than wide; embolus slender, as long as the width of the genital bulb, originates at about 9:00 o’clock position, tip reaches to the position of 13:00 o’clock; genital bulb with membranous structure and a conic bulge; genital lobe almost rectangular; tibial apophysis lamellar, tip triangular. Female ( paratypes ) BODY AND HEAD . Total length 4.90. Prosoma 2.00 long, 1.50 wide. Opisthosoma 2.75 long, 1.70 wide, light color. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameter and interdistances: AME 0.40, ALE 0.20, PLE 0.20, AER 1.25, PER 1.20, EFL 0.75. All of the body, markings, and other morphological features same as in male. LEG MEASUREMENTS . I = 3.15 (1.00, 1.30, 0.50, 0.35), II = 3.00 (0.95, 1.20, 0.50, 0.35), III = 3.60 (1.10, 1.25, 0.75, 0.50), IV = 3.95 (1.25, 1.40, 0.80, 0.50). Leg formula: IV–III–I–II. EPIGYNUM ( Figs 6B–C , 7D–E ). Longer than wide; the pockets angular, almost touching copulatory openings, present antero-laterally; copulatory openings ()-shaped, atrium outline circular; spermathecae relatively folded, complicated, the anterior margins of spermathecae close to copulatory openings in dorsal view. Distribution China ( Yunnan Province , Fig. 42 ).