Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 0068-547X 11512126 Nezumia condylura Jordan and Gilbert, 1904 Nezumia condylura Jordan and Gilbert in Jordan and Starks, 1904:620–621, pl. 4, fig. 2 ( holotype , 195 mm TL, USNM 50937; Suruga Bay, Japan , 207–257 fm [ 379–470 m ]; paratypes , CAS-SU 8551).— Okamura, 1970:85–88 , pl. VII, text-fig. 38 ( 71 spec. , 153–207 mm TL; Pacific coast s. Japan , 360–720 m ).— Okamura in Okamura et al., 1982:161 , 350, fig. 96 (p. 160) ( 7 spec. , 152–200 mm TL; Kyushu-Palau Ridge).— Okamura in Masuda et al., 1984:95 , pl. 81–G (compiled).— Okamura in Okamura and Kitajima, 1984:215, 362, fig. 151 ( 5 spec. , 170–204 mm TL; Okinawa Trough [East China Sea], 510–760 m ).— Iwamoto, 1990:269–370 , fig. 625–626 (descr. compiled).— Chiou et al., 2004b:45 , fig.16 ( 25 spec. ; Taiwan [ NET , ET , SCS ], 400–1211 m ). Lionurus condylura : Gilbert and Hubbs, 1916:195–197 ( 29 spec. , 103–204 mm TL; Pacific coast s. Japan , 197–440 m ) . MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 33 spec. ).— NET : ASIZP 61238 (1, 186 TL), Nan-fang-ao ; ASIZP 61239 (8, 116–124 TL), Nan-fang-ao ; ASIZP 64104 (1, 193 TL), CP 235, 764 m ; ASIZP 65552 (1, 110 TL) and ASIZP 65607 (2, 114+-162+ TL); CD 210, 445– 1185 m ; ASIZP 65625 (2, 139–153 TL), CD 211, 517– 529 m ; ASIZP 65631 (1, 168 TL), CD 209, 508– 522 m ; ASIZP 65638 (1, 164 TL), CD 214, 488– 1027 m ; ASZIP 65643 (1, 132 TL), Da-xi ; ASIZP 65663 (1, 192 TL), Da-xi ; ASIZP 70683 (3, 25–28 HL), Da-xi . SCS : ASZIP 58022 (2, 131–133 TL), Tong-sha Islands ; ASIZP 65587 (1, 155+ TL), CD 136, 998– 1211 m ; ASIZP 66803 (3, 27.8–33.0 HL, 160+-210+ TL); CD 320, 731 m ; ASIZP 66831 (2, 20–23.6 HL, 105+-117+ TL); CP 315, 509 m ; ASIZP 66894 (2, 16.8–22.8 HL, 82+-130+ TL), OCP 312, 517 m. Other specimen : ASIZP 68038 (1, 120+ TL; Aurora , 500–524 m ) . DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II,10–13; P i18–i22; V 13–17; inner GR-I 8–11 total; scale rows below midbase 1D 8–9.5, below 2D 10–13; pyl. caeca 25–28. Snout length 27–30% HL; interorbital 23–27%; orbit 29–36%; upper jaw 29–33%; barbel 14–21%. Body relatively deep, about equal to HL; head 6.4–6. 7 in TL; snout short, high, projecting slightly beyond mouth, with stout tubercles at tip and lateral angles; mouth rather small, upper jaw extends posteriorly to under posterior margin of pupil; barbel well developed, about 2 ⁄ 3 orbit diameter; suborbital ridge sharp, beset with two rows of thickened scales; underside of head naked except along peopercle; pores of cephalic lateralis system prominent; body scales densely covered with short, conical spinules arranged in 4–16 parallel rows. Spinous 1D ray about equal to HL, with slender, widely spaced serrations. Anterior dermal window of light organ small, situated between inner V-fin bases; anus clos- er to A than to outer base of V . Color yellowish gray to grayish brown, trunk, gill and gular membranes purplish-black; mouth and gill cavities dark; 1D with black tip, V and anterior portion of A black, other fins pale. Attains about 210 mm TL. DISTRIBUTION .— Pacific coast of s. Japan , East China Sea, and South China Sea in 360–910 m , and off Taiwan in 400–1211 m . REMARKS .— Differences between N. condylura and N. evides are slight and need to be more adequately determined. Iwamoto (1990:281) differentiated the two based on V fin-ray count, length P, and position of anus relative to V and A, but in the same volume (1990:270) said “this species may be the same as N. propinqua .” Okamura (1984) cited “the shorter distance between the vent and the origin of anal fin, dense outer premaxillary teeth, etc.” to distinguish N. condylura from N. propinqua .