Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland Author Wolanin, Mateusz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2461-5750 Institute of Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35 - 601, Rzeszow, Poland wolaninm@wp.pl Author Klichowska, Ewelina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9641-5750 Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland Author Jedrzejczyk, Iwona https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-5310 Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cytometry, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Kaliskiego 7, 85 - 796, Bydgoszcz, Poland Author Rewers, Monika https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-3654 Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cytometry, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Kaliskiego 7, 85 - 796, Bydgoszcz, Poland Author Nobis, Marcin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1594-2418 Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland text PhytoKeys 2023 2023-04-05 224 1 88 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.224.99463 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.224.99463 1314-2003-224-1 026C9306DB885DC4BE018A8ED6921203 14. Taraxacum tortilobum Florstr., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 39(4): 11. 1915. Type . Finland , Satakunta , Pori (Bjomeborg), Rafso (Reposaari), the cemetery area, 8 June 1911 , B. Florstrom ( lectotype H 068135, designated by Doll 1973: 49; isolectotype in H 202526, 202527, 202538, 202541-202543 and in S) . Description. Plants small to middle-sized, up to 15(-20) cm tall. Leaves greyish-green to light green, sparsely hairy, approximately (5-)7-10(-14) cm long and (1.5-)2-3(-4.5) cm wide, usually 3-5 times longer than wide, blades elliptical to oblanceolate, with 4-6 pairs of lateral lobes; lateral lobes opposite to remote; lateral lobes of the inner leaves patent or recurved, widened at the base, crisped, with nume-rous filiform teeth at the distal and proximal margins, usually curled at the apex; lateral lobes of the outer leaves triangular, entire or with a few filiform teeth at margins; interlobes frequently dentate; terminal lobe of the inner leaves tripartite with an elongate tongue-shaped tip; terminal lobe of the outer leaves triangular or tripartite, often with a tongue-shaped tip; petioles narrowly winged, pale purplish-red. Scapes as long as or longer than leaves, somewhat hairy, green or suffused pale purplish-red. Capitulum convex, 3-4 cm in diameter, pale yellow, outer strips grey-purple; inner bracts greyish-green, corniculate; outer bracts usually 12-14, ovate to lanceolate, usually 6-7(- 8) mm long and (-1.5)2-3 mm broad, grey-green, suffused with purple, with a white hyaline margin 0.1-0.2 mm broad, loosely adpressed to obliquely spreading, purple at apex, corniculate; stigmas grey-purple, pollen present. Achenes pale grey-brown, achene body spinulose above, 4.7-5.3 mm long (incl. the 1.4-1.9 mm long, narrowly conical cone); for specimens growing in full light achene measurements are 4-4.4 mm (incl. the 0.9-1.3 mm long cone). Flowering period. (April) May. Habitat. Sandy pine forest edges, dry lawns, scrubs. On the coast of the Baltic Sea ( Gdansk Stogi) we noticed this species on a sandy path at the edge of a pine-false acacia forest (growing together with Elymus repens ) and on the scrub edge, accompanied by Ballota nigra , Dactylis glomerata , Erigeron annuus , Ficaria verna , Geranium pusillum , G. robertianum , Lamium purpureum , Poa nemoralis , P. pratensis , Stellaria media , Taraxacum proximum , Veronica hederifolia s.l. Somatic chromosome number. 24 ( Wolanin and Musial 2018 ). General distribution. Widespread European species reported from Spain, Great Britain, France, Corsica, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, Sweden, Finland, Ukraine, Latvia, Estonia ( Van Soest 1967 ; Richards 1969 ; Adema et al. 1982 ; Lundevall and Ollgaard 1999 ; Mosyakin and Fedo-ronchuk 1999; Uhlemann 2003 ; Wendt and Ollgaard 2015 ; Wolanin and Musial 2018 ). Distribution in Poland. Species scarce, noted only in Gdansk (Baltic Sea seashore) (Fig. 36B ). Specimens examined. DA80 - Gdansk , Roland pleasure ground, lawn on sandy ground, 54°24'45"N , 18°36'18"E , 08.05.2016 , M. Wolanin (003289 UR); DA81 - Gdansk (Stogi), sandy place on pine forest edge (along concrete walkway), 54°22'27"N , 18°43'40"E , 7 May 2016 , M. Wolanin (003263, 003276, 003302 UR); Gdansk (Stogi), sands, 54°22'08"N , 18°43'31"E , 8 May 2016 , M. Wolanin (003315 UR). Notes. Species included in the Dissimilia group, easily identified by a combination of pale grey-brown achenes, leaves strongly crisped, lateral lobes often toothed and curled, outer phyllaries loosely adpressed to obliquely spreading (Figs 39 , 40 ). Figure 39. Variation in leaf shape in T. tortilobum ; locality - Gdansk Stogi ( M. Wolanin 2016 UR). Scale bar: 5 cm. Figure 40. Taraxacum tortilobum ; locality - Gdansk Stogi, 2016, photo by M. Wolanin.