Catalogue of living crinoids (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from Brazil Author Gondim, Anne Isabelley Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação (PPGEC), Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Campus I, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. & Laboratório de Invertebrados Paulo Young, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Author Moura, Rafael Bendayan De Laboratório de Benthos, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Author Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey Laboratório de Invertebrados Paulo Young, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. text Zootaxa 2021 2021-06-29 4995 1 27 55 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.2 1175-5326 5043626 72F7074D-0301-4308-B677-26E480EA7C4D Democrinus conifer (A.H. Clark, 1909a ) Rhizocrinus conifer A.H. Clark, 1909a: 674 . Bythocrinus intermedius A.H. Clark, 1915a: 205 , fig. 136.—A.M. Clark 1977a: 168 , 177. Bythocrinus conifer : A.H. Clark 1917b: 392 .—H.L. Clark 1941: 7.— Moore 1967: 7 , fig. 12. Bythocrinus robustus : A.H. Clark 1917b: 392 . Democrinus conifer : Gislèn 1938a: 25 , 27.— Meyer et al . 1978: 426 .— Messing & Dearborn 1990: 5 , 10 (key), 22, 28, fig. 5a– g.— Grimmer et al . 1984: 163–176 . Tommasi et al. 1988a: 4 , 8.— Bohn & Heinzeller 1999: 247 .— Fernandes et al . 2002: 408 (list).— Herrerra-Moreno & Betancourt-Fernández 2004: 514 (table).— Tommasi 2004: 161 .— Alvarado et al. 2008: 39 (list).— Pawson et al . 2009: 1187 .— Oliveira et al . 2010: 2 .— Alvarado 2011: 265 (table).— Benavides-Serrato et al . 2012: 31 , 79–80 (two figures).— Benavides-Serrato et al. 2013: 167 .—Rodríguez-Barrera & Messing 2013: 208 .— Solís-Marin et al . 2013: 603 (appendix).—Herrera-Moreno 2014: 3.— Sandino et al . 2017 : S293.— Bueno et al . 2018: 183–138 , fig. 15.— Botero et al . 2020: 5 . Democrinus robustus : A.H. Clark 1954: 374 (list). Rhizocrinus lofotensis : Tommasi 1965: 12 , 13, figs. 26, 28; 1971a: 1, fig. 1. Type locality. Off Ceará , Brazil . Type material. USNM 22679 ( Holotype ) . Geographic and bathymetric range. Amphi-atlantic. Western Atlantic ( Bahamas , Caribbean coast from Honduras to Colombia , Antillean Arc from Cuba to the Lesser Antilles, and Brazil ), and Eastern Atlantic (Josephine Bank off Portugal ), at depths from 160 to 1,750 m ( Moore 1967 ; Meyer et al . 1978 ; Pawson et al . 2009 ; Alvarado 2011 ; Solís-Marin et al. 2013 ). It possibly also occurs in shallower water from at least 119 m and beyond ( Meyer et al . 1978 ). Meyer et al. (1978) suggested that D. brevis and D. conifer should be treated as a single taxon after a preliminary analysis of material of both species. The disjunct range of D. brevis and the continuous range of D. conifer across the W.Atlantic increase the likelihood that they are the same (C.G. Messing, personal communication; see also Meyer et al. 1978: 426 ). Brazilian localities. Pará , Maranhão , Ceará , Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , Paraná , and Santa Catarina ( Meyer et al. 1978 ; Tommasi 1971a ; Tommasi et al . 1988a ; Oliveira et al . 2010 ; Bueno et al . 2018 ; IZ Database).