New species of Oropezella Collin (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from Brazil and Costa Rica, with comments on the relationships among species-groups Author Ale-Rocha, Rosaly Author Freitas-Silva, Rafael Augusto Pinheiro De text Zootaxa 2014 3852 5 501 539 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3852.5.1 089d3fcb-fa57-4f3e-8ba0-d8c86d970c81 1175-5326 229686 B3987891-E380-4525-9CB6-4177BD38716F Key to the Neotropical and Andean species of Oropezella (partially adapted from Smith, 1962 ) 1 Stylus lacking; cell dm emitting three veins; abdomen darkly sclerotized ( Chile ).................. O. abdominalis Collin - Stylus present; cell dm emitting two veins (Figs 109–124); abdomen not darkly sclerotized........................... 2 2 Four ocelli; antenna located on top of head, in front of ocelli; frons absent (Southern and Southeastern Brazil )...................................................................................... O. pseudotetraocellata Ale-Rocha - Three ocelli; antenna located above middle of head but not on top, frons visible................................... 3 3 Thorax dark brown with longitudinal yellow stripe; cell cup lacking (Fig. 112) (Northern Brazil )....... O. bicolor sp. nov . - Thorax with coloration variable, usually paler; cell cup present................................................ 4 4 Scutum with metallic blue shine and pruinescence only on prescutellar disc...................................... 5 - Scutum lacking metallic blue shine and usually entirely pruinose............................................... 7 5 Frons long and holoptic (Northern Brazil ).................................................... O. uncata sp. nov. - Frons short and distinctly dichoptic...................................................................... 6 6 Frons moderately short, twice the length of ocellar triangle, very narrow, width less than ocellar diameter (Southern Brazil )....................................................................................... O. metallica Smith - Frons very short, as long as length of ocellar triangle, widened, as wide as ocellar diameter (Southern and Southeastern Brazil )........................................................................................ O. biloba Smith 7 R1 long, reaching wing margin at or beyond middle of wing (Figs 110, 113, 116, 119, 121, 122)....................... 8 - R1 short, reaching wing margin before middle of wing (Figs 109, 111, 114, 115, 117, 118, 120, 124).................. 18 8 Thorax margined with yellowish brown, blackish or dark brown on dorsum and heavily dusted with yellowish pruinescense; if in doubt, then at least postpronotal lobe and postalar callus yellow.............................................. 9 - Thorax predominantly yellow with lateral brown marks, or uniformly brown or black, pruinescense variable........... 14 9 Eyes distinctly separated on frons, at least just below ocellar notch............................................ 10 - Eyes holoptic or narrowly separated on frons.............................................................. 11 10 Eyes separated over entire frons; hind tibia blackish near apex, mid and hind tarsi black; surstyli elongate and slender ( Figs 80, 83, 84 ) (Southern Brazil ).................................................................. O. rafaeli sp. nov. - Eyes almost touching just above antennae; hind tibia yellow, mid and hind tarsi yellow except tarsomeres 3–5 brownish; sur- styli shortened and rather robust ( Figs 67, 70, 71 ) (Midwestern Brazil )............................. O. planti sp. nov. 11 Mesopleuron light brown with a median longitudinal yellow stripe or entirely yellow; scutellum yellow to brown, with apical blackish mark...................................................................................... 12 - Mesopleuron blackish-brown; scutellum blackish (Southern Brazil )............................. O. marginata Smith 12 Frons length 9 times diameter of anterior ocellus, longer than antenna (stylus omitted); distance from tip of R2+3 to tip of R4+5 more than half the distance from h to R1, radial sector longer than distance between tip of Sc to tip of R1 (Fig. 122); fore tar- someres 1 and 2 with well developed setae only apically (Southeastern Brazil )..................... O. spathula sp. nov. - Frons with length 5–7 times diameter of anterior ocellus, shorter or sub-equal in length to antenna (stylus omitted); distance from tip of R2+3 to tip of R4+5 less than half distance from h to R1, radial sector shorter than distance between tip of Sc to tip of R1 (Fig. 113); fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with several well developed setae across their length.......................... 13 13 Postpronotal lobe largely yellow, thorax with well developed brownish setae; fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with thin elongate setae, hind tarsomere 1 uniformly dark brown bearing uniformly short setae; distal margin of tergites 7 and 8 bearing thin long setae; left epandrial lamella with short dorsoapical process ( Figs 25, 27 ) (Southern Brazil )............... O. bipunctata sp. nov. - Postpronotal lobe brown with yellow apical point, thorax with well developed black setae; fore tarsomeres 1 and 2 with strong setae, hind tarsomere 1 yellow near base and dark brown on apical third, setae longer towards apex; distal margin of tergites 7 and 8 bearing black strong setae; left epandrial lamella with a very long dorsoapical process ( Figs 30, 32 ) (Southern Brazil )...................................................................................... O. clavata sp. nov. 14 Scutum yellow with brown marks on hind corners (Southern Brazil ).............................. O. flavida sp. nov. - Thorax homogeneously brown or black.................................................................. 15 15 Tarsomeres 1 and 2 pale yellow with a distinct brown band near apex (Southern Brazil )............ O. annulitarsis Smith - Tarsomeres 1 and 2 variable; if yellow, usually gradually darkened distally, without distinct brown band.............. 16 16 Mid tibia with anterior bristle near middle................................................................ 17 - Mid tibia with anterior bristle distinctly near base (Southern Brazil )................................. O. arara Smith 17 Thorax brown with margins of scutum slightly paler; mid femur bearing anteroventral bristles; hind femur and tibia brown, hind tarsus darker than fore and mid tarsi (Southeastern Brazil )................................... O. taquara Smith - Thorax homogeneously black; mid femur lacking anteroventral bristles; hind femur and tibia black, except brownish femur- tibial articulation, black (Southern and Southeastern Brazil )...................................... O aquila sp. nov. 18 Frons short and evident, eyes distinctly dichoptic.......................................................... 19 - Frons long and narrow or absent, eyes holoptic or narrowly dichoptic.......................................... 20 19 Postpedicel conical, stylus apical; scutum completely covered by yellow tomentum; R1 ending at middle of wing (Fig. 120) (Southern Brazil ).................................................................... O. plaumanni sp. nov. - Postpedicel ovate, stylus sub-dorsal; scutum mostly shining, tomentum restricted to margins; R1 short, ending before middle of wing (Fig. 109) (Northern Brazil ).................................. O. amazonica (Rafael & Ale-Rocha) comb. nov. 20 Scutum distinctly bicolour, yellow in the anterior third/half, and brown in the remainder, entirely pruinose............ 21 - Scutum mostly brown, yellowish on the extreme anterior margin, pruinosity variable.............................. 23 21 Mesopleuron with yellowish median longitudinal stripe (Northern Brazil )......................... O. undulata sp. nov. - Mesopleuron pale brown to dark yellow on dorsal portion (anepisternum, anepimeron and laterotergite) and yellow on ventral portion (katepisternum and meron) and mediotergite ( Costa Rica )............................................. 22 22 Two npl setae (1 ventral short and discreet and 1 long and stout above); hypandrium about 1.5 times longer than wide with truncate apex; right surstylus with base wider than apex, with small pointed process at middle of ventral margin ( Fig. 58 ); left surstylus ventrally curved inwards, with apex clavate, distal half covered by lumpy circular marks ( Fig. 57 ); articulated distal portion of phallus elongate, more than two-thirds of length of phallic shaft with apical bifurcate portion long, basal process about one-third length of articulated distal portion of phallus ( Fig. 56 )........................... O. granulosa sp. nov. - Four npl setae (3 lower short and slender, 1 long and stout above); hypandrium elongate, about 2.3 times longer than wide with slightly concave apex; right surstylus sub-triangular with apex elongate and narrowed ( Fig. 13 ); left surstylus simple, falciform, curved dorsally ( Fig. 12 ); articulated distal portion of phallus short, about one-third length of phallic shaft and basal process very short ( Fig. 11 )................................................................. O. arcuata sp. nov. 23 Mesopleuron yellow; frons at least four times length of ocellar triangle (Northern Brazil )........... O. longifrons sp. nov. - Mesopleuron mostly brown, sometimes with the dorsal margin of sclerites yellowish; frons never more than three times length of ocellar triangle ( Costa Rica )......................................................................... 24 24 Scutum variable, entirely covered by pruinescence or with wide shiny presutural area lacking pruinescence; ventral margin of hypandrium slightly concave ( Fig. 39 ); inner margin of right surstylus smooth ( Fig. 39 ); left surstylus not expanded distally, without rounded marks on outer surface ( Fig. 42 )............................................. O. falcata sp. nov. - Scutum with wide shiny presutural area lacking pruinescence; ventral margin of hypandrium slightly convex ( Fig. 34 ); inner margin of right surstylus serrated ( Fig. 34 ); left surstylus expanded distally with lumpy circular marks on outer surface ( Fig. 37 ).............................................................................. O. costaricensis sp. nov.