How diverse are coccoid cyanobacteria? A case study of terrestrial habitats from the Atlantic Rainforest (São Paulo, Brazil) Author Jr, Watson Arantes Gama Institute of Botany, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, C. P. 3005, 1031 - 970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil & E-mail: watsonarantes @ gmail. com (corresponding author) Author Iv, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA & Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA Author Sant’Anna, Célia Leite Institute of Botany, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, C. P. 3005, 1031 - 970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil text Phytotaxa 2014 2014-09-12 178 2 61 97 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.178.2.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.178.2.1 1179-3163 5145178 Cyanoarbor aff. himalayensis M.Watanabe & Komárek in Branco et al. (2006: 373) ( Figs. 11D–11E ). Polarized, elongated and lobed colonies, 79.8–157.6 µm diam. Sheath firm, hyaline to brown, conspicuous, nonlamellate, smooth. Cells spherical to slightly elongated, 2.3–3.2 µm diam., arranged in rows. Cell content homogenous, blue-green. Habitat: —Dry concrete wall. Notes: —The genus Cyanoarbor Wang (1989: 129) was rediscovered and revised by Branco et al. (2006), 17 years after its original description. In this paper, the authors also published the species Cyanoarbor himalayensis , which resembles the Atlantic Rainforest population by the similar color of the colonies and cell dimensions. However, C. himalayensis was described from mountains in Nepal , growing on wet rocks, and only rarely has cells organized in rows (Branco et al. 2006). Our population was found on a dry wall surrounded by a preserved Atlantic Rainforest area, with cells always organized in a linear fashion. Studied material: — BRAZIL . São Paulo : São Paulo , Institute of Botany , 23° 38’ 32” S , 46° 37’ 21” W , 29 November 2011 , W.A. Gama-Jr. (SP 427335) .