Revision of the genus Fascaplysinopsis, the type species Fascaplysinopsis reticulata (Hentschel, 1912) (Porifera, Dictyoceratida, Thorectidae) and descriptions of two new genera and seven new species
Author
Ekins, Merrick
Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia & Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia & School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia
Author
Erpenbeck, Dirk
0000-0002-6380-7421
Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität M ¸ nchen, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität M ¸ nchen, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung f ¸ r Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 M ¸ nchen, Germany woerheide @ lmu. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6380 - 7421
woerheide@lmu.de
Author
Debitus, Cécile
0000-0002-3978-0644
IRD, University of Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, LEMAR, F- 29280 Plouzané, France & IRD, Univ de la Polynésie française, Ifremer, ILM, EIO, F- 98713 Papeete, French Polynesia & cecile. debitus @ ird. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3978 - 0644
cecile.debitus@ird.fr
Author
Petek, Sylvain
0000-0001-7920-0467
IRD, University of Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, LEMAR, F- 29280 Plouzané, France & IRD, Univ de la Polynésie française, Ifremer, ILM, EIO, F- 98713 Papeete, French Polynesia & sylvain. petek @ ird. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7920 - 0467
sylvain.petek@ird.fr
Author
Mai, Tepoerau
IRD, Univ de la Polynésie française, Ifremer, ILM, EIO, F- 98713 Papeete, French Polynesia & Institut Louis Malardé-Papeete, BP 30 - 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
Author
Wörheide, Gert
0000-0002-6380-7421
Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität M ¸ nchen, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität M ¸ nchen, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung f ¸ r Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 M ¸ nchen, Germany woerheide @ lmu. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6380 - 7421
woerheide@lmu.de
Author
Hooper, John N. A.
0000-0003-1722-5954
Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia & john. hooper @ qm. qld. gov. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1722 - 5954
john.hooper@qm.qld.gov.au
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-09-19
5346
3
201
241
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5346.3.1
journal article
270532
10.11646/zootaxa.5346.3.1
ba45f4af-aa52-4acc-a3da-87fa8a4f0b51
1175-5326
8390072
C577D701-4F0A-44AB-8CAF-9DF56BEEAA9C
Rubrafasciculus fijiensis
Ekins, Erpenbeck & Hooper
sp. nov.
Figures 13
,
17
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
864716BE-93A6-4514-9B25-6F193E7BC40B
Material examined.
Holotype
QM G312740
,
Shark Reef
,
Viti Levu
,
Fiji
, -
18.30027778 S
,
178.0169444 E
,
29.5 m
,
outer reef drop-off
,
outside point
,
sheer coral slope
,
SCUBA
, NCIOCDN4234M, Coll.
J.N.A. Hooper
,
25/X/1996
.
Etymology.
named after the location where it was first discovered.
Distribution.
This species is currently known only from the
Fiji Islands
(
Fig. 13
).
Description:
Growth form
:A long massive sponge creeping over the surface (
Fig.17A
).The original sponge was approximately
15 cm
long, by
5 cm
wide, by
5 cm
deep. The remaining fixed
holotype
is only a
5 cm
wide hemisphere (
Fig. 17 B
).
Colour
: The sponge is a dark brown to grey coloured massive sponge underwater. Spiderweb-like traces formed by sand can be observed where it is incorporated into the conules (
Fig. 17 C
). In 70% ethanol, the exterior colour is a green to grey, influenced by the epibionts. The interior colour is a creamy brown, with bright red fibres (
Fig. 17 B
)
Oscules:
The sponge has few conules, scattered over the surface. The oscula opening is approximately
3 mm
in size.
Texture:
The sponge is compressible, firm and tough.
Surface
: The sponge has a conulose surface, the blunt conules are
3–4 mm
in height and separated by
3–5 mm
(
Fig. 17 B
). The exterior surface is often overgrown by epibionts such as algae.
Ectosomal skeleton
:It has an armoured surface consisting of sand incorporated into the ectosome of approximately 700–1000 μm (
Figs. 17 B, C, G
).
Choanosomal skeleton
: The choanosome is composed of thick collagenous material. The skeleton in this hemispherical part of the sponge is a fairly regular radial pattern of large (300–700 μm in diameter) laminated cored primary fibres (
Fig. 17 C–F
), these primary fibres are loosely fasciculated and connected in loose ladder like formation of uncored laminated secondary fibres (100–250 μm in diameter) (
Figs. 17 E, H
).
Ecology.
This species lives on hard dead coral substrates of the reef, at
30 m
in depth. It is overgrown with encrusting algae, sponges, ascidians and hydroids.
DNA Barcodes.
28S
:
Holotype
QM G312740 (OX458938)
ITS
:
Holotype
QM G312740 (OX458948)
Remarks.
This species differs by the difference in fasciculation, the lack of geometric patterning in the surface, the encrusting habit, and the lack of obvious fistules as well as lacking the red colouration.