The green lacewings of Pakistan (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): a faunal review with new records of genera and species Author Hassan, Muhammad Asghar 0000-0003-2590-5781 kakojan112@gmail.com Author Liu, Xingyue text Zootaxa 2022 2022-09-01 5180 1 1 83 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5180.1.1 journal article 135488 10.11646/zootaxa.5180.1.1 53256720-2b2c-4dc2-9876-0a3b163e869d 1175-5326 7040828 B6D071D8-6D56-46FD-B1B6-250394D9D6F7 Suarius walsinghami orientalis Hölzel, 1978 ( Figs 49–51 , 58 ) Suarius walsinghami orientalis Hölzel, 1978: 6 . Type localities: Iran (Tehran), Afghanistan ( Kadaghan : Kabul), Pakistan ( Balochistan : Quetta ; Gilgit-Baltistan : Gilgit , Hunza , Nagar ). Diagnosis and notes Suarius walsinghami orientalis is a subspecies of Suarius walsinghami , originally described from Pakistan , Afghanistan , and Iran . However, the nominate subspecies, S. walsinghami walsinghami , is widespread, known from southwestern Europe ( Spain ), northern Africa (widespread), and the Middle East (widespread). The wing markings in these two subspecies are almost identical ( Hölzel 1978 : figs 3–4, S. walsinghami orientalis ; fig. 5, S. walsinghami walsinghami ). Thus, the separation of these subspecies needs further confirmation. Based on the specimen we examined, this species is very similar to S. pallidus Hölzel, 1978 in the female subgenitale and the presence of dark brown marking on the proximal crossvein of third intracubital cell (icu3) in forewing, but it can be differentiated based on the absence of basal dilation in pretarsal claws. FIGURE 48. Suarius paghmanus (Hölzel) . A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view. C–E. Spermatheca; F. Subgenitale, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–B). Abbreviations: cc = callus cerci; gl = gonaphophyses lateralis; inv = invagination; S = sternum; pr = ventrally projecting process on neck of subgenitale; sd = spermathecal duct; sg = subgenitale; sm = spermatheca; T = tergum; T9+ect = fused ninth tergum and ectoproct; vel = spermathecal velum. Redescription Measurements ( ♀ n=1). Forewing: length 8.1 mm , width 2.8 mm ; hindwing: length 7.4 mm , width 2.5 mm ; body length: 4.7 mm . Head ( Figs 50A–B ). Vertex moderately raised, dome-shaped in frontal view, brownish yellow, posterolaterally dark brown; proximal margin above antennae narrowly dark brown. Postorbital sclerite narrowly yellow. Frons yellow, unmarked. Interantennal marking absent. Clypeus yellow, anterolateral margins dark brown stripe. Labrum brownish yellow. Genae yellow, with a median transverse dark brown stripe. Maxillary and labial palpi dark brown, brownish yellow at joints, covered with short yellow setae. Antennal toruli yellow, lateral margins slightly dark brown. Antennae broken, pale yellow, unmarked, except at lateral margins of scape shiny black; pedicel dark brown, covered with short pale setae. Thorax ( Figs 50C–D ). Pronotum slightly wider than long (length 0.47 mm , width 0.6 mm ), brownish yellow, with a narrow median indistinct dark brown stripe, lateral margins broadly dark brown, covered with short yellow setae. Meso- and metanotum pale yellow, lateral margins dark brown with faintly median longitudinal brownish yellow stripes, sparsely covered with short yellow setae ( Fig. 50D ). Legs ( Fig. 50D ). Pale yellow, covered with short brownish setae; hind femora with subdistal dark brown marking. Pretarsal claws without basal dilation, quadrate at base ( Fig. 50E ). Wings ( Fig. 49 ). Membrane with a narrow dark brown marking on radial branches and the proximal crossvein of third (icu3) intracubital cells in forewing; longitudinal veins pale yellow, covered with short dark brown setae. Forewing: Costal area relatively narrow at both ends, slightly wider at the longest subcostal veinlets (3–10). Subcostal area with three crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma indistinct. Crossveins, inner gradates and outer gradates dark brown. Six radial cells (r cell). Four Banksian cells (b cell); three lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Basal crossvein between Rs and M (r-m) oblique, meets at subdistal margin of im cell. Median arculus (m-cu2) dark brown. Pseudomedia (Psm) and pseudocubitus (Psc) pale yellow. Two series of gradates; three inner gradates (ig) and four outer gradates (og). Two intramedian cells; first intramedian cell (im1) ovate. Second (m2) and third (m3) median cells of similar size. Three intracubital cells (two closed); first cubital crossvein proximal to second mediocubital crossvein (m-cu2); first (icu1), second (icu2) and third (icu3) intracubital cells of similar size. Hindwing: Subcostal veinlets dark brown. Subcostal area with three dark brown crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma indistinct. Longitudinal veins pale yellow. Crossveins pale yellow, branching points dark brown. Six radial cells (r cell). Three Banksian cells (b cell); four lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Pseudomedia (Psm) and pseudocubitus (Psc) pale yellow, branching points dark brown. Two series of gradates; three inner gradates; three outer gradates. Abdomen ( Figs 50C–D ). Tergum brownish yellow, with dark brown patches at lateral margins, covered with short yellow setae. Sternum brownish yellow, with short yellow setae. Female genitalia ( Figs 51A–F ). Tergum 8 (T8) subquadrate in lateral view. T9+ectoproct quadrate in lateral view. Sternum 7 (S7) rectangular in lateral view. Gonaphophyses lateralis (gl) oblong in lateral view. Callus cerci (cc) oblong, with 35 trichobothria. Subgenitale (sg) rounded, slightly longer than wide (length 0.17 mm , width 0.10 mm ), bilobed distally, heavily sclerotized, distinctly visible in lateral view. Spermatheca (sm) small, rounded, doughnut-shaped, with distinct median rounded invagination (inv). Spermathecal duct (sd) long, cylindrical, attached to bursa copulatrix (bc).