Forgotten types of Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae) in The Central National Herbarium, Kolkata, India
Author
Albertson, Winston D.
Author
Wood, Hn. R. I.
text
Phytotaxa
2012
2012-02-03
43
49
60
http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.43.1.2
journal article
6115
10.11646/phytotaxa.43.1.2
f584e63f-9368-4547-926b-c2c76dfc599e
1179-3163
4894938
Strobilanthes anisophylla
(Wall. ex Hook.) T.
Anderson (1865: 43)
.
Ruellia anisophylla
Wall. ex
Hooker (1826
; published in late Jan).
Lectotype
(designated here): Plate No.
191 in
Hooker (1826)
Exotic Flora
.
Ruellia persicifolia
Lindley (1826
; published 1 Feb).
Lectotype
(designated by
Wood and
Scotland
, 2009
): ‘Plant grown by Mr Colvill’s nursery from seed introduced by Mrs Fairlie, presumably from Calcutta’ unlabelled portion on top left of sheet labelled
Ruellia anisophylla
, annotated “1” and cross-referenced below to H. H. S. [Herbarium Horticultural Society] (CGE ex Herb. Lindley!),
Strobilanthes persicifolia
(Lindl.) J.R.I.
Wood (2009: 27)
.
Ruellia anisophylla
Loddiges
(
March 1826
: pl. 1070).
Type
:
Pl
..
1070 in
Botanical Cabinet
, drawn from a cultivated plant grown from seeds from
France
.
Goldfussia anisophylla
(Wall. ex Hook.)
Nees (1832: 88)
.
Specimens of
Strobilanthes anisophylla
were cultivated in the Kolkata (Calcutta) Botanic Garden before 1826 and seeds were sent to Europe where it was cultivated in both
France
(
Loddiges, 1826
) and
England
(
Hooker 1826
,
Lindley 1826
). Colour plates of the three species were published in three different places within a few weeks of each other. Unfortunately
Wood &
Scotland
(2009)
failed to note that the publication of
Ruellia anisophylla
Hook.
antedates that of
R. persicifolia
Lindl.
by a few days according to the publication dates given by Stafleu & Cowan (1978). The combination
Strobilanthes persicifolia
is therefore unnecessary.
In his description of
Ruellia anisophylla
, Hooker
stated that he “received this singular plant at our Botanic Garden (that is, in Glasgow, where Hooker was then working) from Mr Mackay, nurseryman of Islington, to whom it was sent from the Calcutta Botanic garden,” where it had been cultivated from plants collected by Wallich in
Nepal
. This indicates that the drawing was based on the cultivated plant but there is clearly an error about its native origin.
Strobilanthes anisophylla
is not known from
Nepal
and all the specimens in the Wallich herbarium are from Sylhet (Khasi Hills) and the Calcutta Botanic Garden. Examination of Hooker’s herbarium, now at K, reveals no suitable specimen which could be selected as a
lectotype
so the readily identifiable image in Hooker’s Exotic Flora is here selected as
lectotype
instead.
Strobilanthes anisophylla
has been widely cultivated, but is only known as a native plant from
Bhutan
, the West Bengal Duars and Meghalaya. It seems most likely that cultivated plants originated from Meghalaya as neither
Bhutan
not the West Bengal Duars had been visited by botanists at the time of its introduction to cultivation. It should be noted that
Strobilanthes isophylla
is merely a form of
S. anisophylla
only known in cultivation.