Morphology and Systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus-pleurostigma Populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a Taxonomy of the Genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian Sticky Frogs
Author
Zug, George R.
text
Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences
2015
2015-04-15
62
5
135
190
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.11512244
0068-547X
11512244
AD651C54-BC39-4A21-A0CA-3B9B8309A0BB
Kalophrynus cryptophonus
Vassilieva, Galoyan, Gogoleva, and Poyarkov, 2014
Lam Dong
Bamboo Sticky Frog
Kalophrynus cryptophonus
Vassilieva, Galoyan, Gogoleva, and Poyarkov, 2014
,
Zootaxa
3769(3):410 [
type
locality: “Loc Bao,
Lam Dong Province
,
Vietnam
(coordinates
11°44´17˝N
,
107°42´25˝E
,
elevation
800 m
a.s.l.
)”]
.
TYPE
MATERIAL
.—
HOLOTYPE
: Zoological Museum of the Lomonosov Moscow University
(
ZMMU
)
A-4944.
PARATYPES
:
ZMMU
A-4858–59. Original designations
.
DEFINITION
.— Small, adult female
23.4 mm
SVL
(
n =
1), adult males 27.9– 30.
4 mm
SVL
(
n =
5); head moderately long 28–32 % HeadL/
SVL
; head wider than long 105–122 % HeadW/HeadL; naris closer to snout than to eye 59–68 % NarEye/SnEye; eye moderately large 35–42 % EyeD/HeadL; tympanum visible and smaller than eye 55–77 % Tymp/EyeD; slender moderately long forelimb NA % Forarm/
SVL
and forearm to crus length NA % Forarm/CrusL; hindlimb slender and moderate length 129–140 % HndlL/
SVL
, 40–43 % CrusL/
SVL
, and 89–98 % CrusL/ThghL; hindfoot well developed 77–96 % HndfL/CrusL.
Vomerine teeth absence; three palatal folds, vomerine one continuous, postorbital short and low, buccal continuous and crenulated; tongue rounded free end. Skin on margin of mandible with longitudinal series of short triangular spines in males.
Fingers rudimentary webbing; lengths 3>2>4>1; tips rounded and not dilated; subarticular subarticular tubercles distinct, round, and one on digits 1, 2, 4, and two on 3; one large oval palmar tubercle on outer half of palm, bordered distally by four small, round tubercles; smooth nuptial excrescences on base of fingers 2 and 3; fine-spined asperities dorsally covering fingers 2, 3, and 4 from base to end of penultimate phalanx. Toes modestly webbed not extending beyond proximal subarticular tubercles of toe 4, lengths 4>3>5>2>1; tips rounded, not dilated; subarticular tubercles moderate, oval and one on digits 1, 2, two on 3, three on 4, two on 5 (only distal one prominent); moderate oval inner and small, round outer metatarsal tubercles.
In life, dorsum ranging from dark brown at night to diurnal pinkish beige with faint darker reticulation from between eyes to end of trunk and reverse Y-mark with base on crown and nape and arms extending to rear of trunk; body; narrow, orangish dorsolateral stripe from tip of snout and edge of canthus rostralis above eye running diagonally to mid inguina, bordered below by dark brown that fades ventrolaterally; small round, black inguinal spot, not light edged; venter pale yellowish-pink, chin to mid chest with dark marking, belly largely immaculate.
ETYMOLOGY
.— Because this species was only discovered by the males’ vocalization from hollow bamboo stems, the authors highlight this behavior with Greek
cryptos
for hidden or mystery and
phonus
, voice, thus hidden voice.
DISTRIBUTION
.—
Vietnam
.
Kalophrynus cryptophonus
is known only from the vicinity of the
type
locality
.
NATURAL
HISTORY
.— This sticky frog lives in a mid-montane evergreen tropical forest (secondary) with abundant bamboo clumps. It was discovered in mid April by the males’ vocalization from inside cut bamboo stems. The water inside the bamboo stems serve as egg-deposition and larval development sites (phytotelm breeding).
COMMENTS
.— Preceding information extracted from the original description by Vassilieva and colleagues (2014).