Taxonomic study of Myrtaceae in forest fragments in Amazonian Maranhão, Brazil Author Amorim, Gabriela Dos Santos Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670 - 901, Recife - PE, Brazil. Author Barbosa, Maria Regina De Vasconcellos Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Caixa Postal 5065, 58051 - 970, João Pessoa- PB, Brazil. Author Jr, Eduardo Bezerra De Almeida Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila Bacanga, 65080 - 805, São Luís - MA. Author Thomas, William Wayt 0000-0002-4996-536X Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, 10458 - 5126, NY, United States. wthomas @ nybg. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4996 - 536 X wthomas@nybg.org text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-10-11 568 1 27 60 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.3 journal article 163382 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.3 87ddb879-1616-4e3b-8817-434b61fb0c60 1179-3163 7184245 3. Eugenia biflora (L.) De Candolle (1828: 276) . Basionym:— Myrtus biflora Linnaeus (1759: 1056) . Type:— JAMAICA . P. Browne s.n. ( LINN 637.6 ; lectotype designated by Fawcett & Rendle 1926: 338 ) . ( Fig. 2 C-D.) Trees or shrubs 1– 4 m . Twigs densely pubescents, the indumentum whitish. Leaves with petioles 2–4 mm long, pubescent, channeled; blades elliptic to narrowly so, lanceolate or ovate, 3–7.8 × 1.2–4.1 cm , pubescent or densely pubescent, the indumentum whitish, chartaceous, concolorous; glands conspicuous; base rounded, cuneate or attenuate; apex acuminate, long acuminate, almost caudate, generally apiculate, rarely acute; midvein adaxially impressed or sulcate; lateral veins visible abaxially, not arched, 12 to 20 pairs; intra-marginal vein ca. 1 mm from the margin, margin revolute. Inflorescences axillary, raceme simple, the axis 1.5–4.9 cm long, pubescent, the indumentum whitish; bracts triangular to narrowly so, or lanceolate, 2–3 × 1–3 mm , pubescent, persisting in the fruit; pedicels 3–9 mm long, sparse to densely pubescent, the indumentum brownish or whitish; bracteoles deltate to broadly so, ovate or lanceolate, 1–2 × 1–5 mm , pubescent, persisting in the fruit; flower buds globose, 3 × 4 mm , not constricted above ovary; calyx-lobes free, four, ovate, oblong or deltate, orbicular, 2 × 3 mm , pubescent, not reflexed, persistent in the fruit; ovary 2-locular. Immature fruits subglobose or globose, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.7 cm , pubescent, surface smooth. Note:— Eugenia biflora may be recognized by its pubescent or densely pubescent leaves with whitish indumentum; lateral veins sometimes not visible in dried material or evident only abaxially; revolute leaf margins; a pubescent simple raceme; subglobose or globose flowers buds; and densely pubescent fruits. Distribution and habitat:— Throughout Tropical America, and widely distributed in central, northeastern and northwestern Brazil (POWO 2020, Flora do Brasil 2020 ). In Amazonian Maranhão , E . biflora was found growing in gallery forest edges and secondary forest. Phenology:— Flowering all year and fruiting in January, March, November and December. Specimens examined:— BRAZIL . Maranhão : Anajatuba , 3°15’52” S , 44°37’11” W , 14 August 2008 (fl.), M. Vidigal 03a ( IAN !) ; 3°5’52” S , 44°37’11” W , 29 September 2008 (st.), M. Ribeiro 02 ( IAN !) ; Afoga , 3°15’52” S , 44°37’11” W , 18 October 2008 (fl.), M. Vidigal 01 ( IAN !) ; Margem da Estrada Colombo-Anajatuba , 27 January 1976 (fr.), B.G.S. Ribeiro & G.S. Pinheiro 1246 ( IAN !) ; 21 November 1978 (fl.), L.R. Marinho & G.S. Pinheiro 608 ( IAN !) ; São Benedito , 3°15’52” S , 44°37’11” W , 28 June 2008 (fl.), A. Araújo 84 ( IAN !) . Bacabal , 4°23’30” S , 44°39’00” W , 18 February 1983 (fl.), G.T. Prance 28150 ( NY !) . Bom Jardim , Posto Indígena Pindaré ( Funai Post Guajajara Indians ), along Rio Pindaré , c. 15km W of Santa Inês , 3°30’ S , 45°30’ W , 01 November 1983 (fl.), M.J. Balick , J.M. Frazão , J.G.A. Vieira & W.S. Silva 1501 (SP, image). Cândido Mendes , 1°26’49” S , 45°43’00” W , 02 November 2017 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 526 ( MAR !) . Itapecuru Mirim , Fazenda Serra , 3°23’33” S , 44°21’31” W , 24 September 1975 (fl.), D.P. Lima 13398 ( PEUFR !) . Santa Helena, Próximo do Lugarejo Queimadas, 2°13’52” S , 45º17’59” W , 09 July 1978 (fl.), N.A. Rosa & O. Cardoso 2560 ( IAN !) . Santa Luzia, Alzilândia , Rio Pindaré , 3°45’ S , 46°04’59” W , 30 March 1979 (fl., fr.), J. Jangoux 1025 ( NY !) . São Luís , Alumar , 2°41’30” S , 44°19’44” W , 08 August 1995 (fl.), K.B. Ferreira s.n ( MAR !) ; Anil , 2°36’ S , 44°14’ W , January 1940 (fl.), R.L. Fróes 11705 ( NY !) ; Reserva Florestal do Sacavém , 2°31’47” S , 44°18’10” W , 20 December 1988 (fl.), J.C. Silva Jr. 55 ( MAR !) ; Sítio Santa Eulália, 2°30’30” S , 44°16’39” W , 16 September 2017 (fl., fr.), G.S. Amorim 454 , 452 ( MAR !) ; 2°30’52” S , 44°16’33” W , 26 February 2018 (fr.), G.S. Amorim 492 ( MAR !) ; Vinhas , 2°31’47” S , 44°18’10” W , 08 January 1998 (fr.), A. Salino 3876 (SP, image). São Luiz Gonzaga do Maranhão , 4°19’00” S , 44°40’00” W , 01 October 1980 (fl.), D.C. Daly 404 (INPA, image). São José de Ribamar , Estrada carroçal, 27 December 1997 (fr.), H.C. Nakakura s.n. ( EAC !) ; Sítio Aguahy , 2°38’48” S , 44°09’06” W , 13 October 2015 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 259 ( MAR !) ; 2°38’48” S , 44°09’06” W , 07 May 2016 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 272 ( MAR !) ; 2°39’00” S , 44°07’55” W , 26 August 2017 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 369 ( MAR !) ; 2°38’47” S , 44°09’05” W , 28 October 2017 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 377 ( MAR !) ; 2°38’47” S , 44°09’05” W , 20 February 2018 (fl.), G.S. Amorim 467 ( MAR !) . Serrano do Maranhão , Porto do Pindobal , 1°38’32” S , 44°52’17” W , 19 August 2014 (fl.), G.P. Lima 495 ( MAR !) . Viana , between Vitoria do Mearim and Viana , 3°15’ S , 44°55’00” W , 16 January 1980 (fl.), D.C. Daly & G.G. Campbell 628 ( IAN !) .