Taxonomic studies on seven species of the genus Opopaea (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Kenya Author Tong, Yanfeng Author Liu, Shijia Author Kioko, Esther N. Author Kioko, Grace M. Author Li, Shuqiang text African Invertebrates 2019 60 2 255 289 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/AfrInvertebr.60.39146 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/AfrInvertebr.60.39146 2305-2562-2-255 838773F55CF4413CA4C52A3273EFA9C1 AB3E46648D405A0A84C80C09092DF6D0 Opopaea berlandi (Simon & Fage, 1922) Figs 1 , 2 , 3 , 21 A-C , 23A, B , 25A, H Gamasomorpha berlandi Simon & Fage, 1922: 535, figs 4.4-6 (syntypes 1 ♀ and 3 ♂ from Kenya, Coast Province, "Grotte A de Shimoni, provo de Seyidie" [Shimoni caves, near to 4°38'S , 39°23'W ], 9.XI.1911, in Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, not examined). Opopaea berlandi : Brignoli 1975 : 230; Saaristo and Marusik 2008 : 20, figs 8-10 (♂). Material examined. 1 ♂ (NMK Ar-25102), 2 ♀ (NMK Ar-25103-25104), Kenya, Kilifi County, Watamu Town, Jilore Sites, 03°16.239'S , 39°55.611'E , 43 m, 21.VII.2016, Kioko G.M., Yao Z. & Zhao Q. 2 ♂ (NMK Ar-25105-25106), 3 ♀ (NMK Ar-25107-25108-25109), Kwale County, Ukunda Town, Shimba Hills National Reserve, Sheldrick falls, 04°17.121'S , 39°25.886'E , 127 m, 18.VII.2016, Kioko G.M., Yao Z. & Zhao Q. Diagnosis. Males can be recognized by the tubercle-shaped ridges on posterior part of sternum (arrow in Fig. 1F ), the very small booklung covers ( Fig. 1H ), and the truncate tip of cymbiobulbus ( Fig. 2E ); females are recognized by the dark, linguiform projection on the epigastric scutal ridge (lpr in Fig. 23A ). Figure 1. Opopaea berlandi , male. A, C, E habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views B, D, F, G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H, I abdomen, lateral and anterior views. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; dte = dorsolateral, triangular extensions; sr = scutal ridge. Scale bars: 0.4 mm ( A, C, E ); 0.2 mm ( B, D, F-I ). Description. Male. Yellow. Habitus as in Fig. 1A, C, E . Body length 1.20. Carapace ( Fig. 1B ): wide oval in dorsal view; sides with longitudinal streaks; dorsal area finely reticulate, with some setae at lateral edges, several setae on the posterior margin of dorsal surface with very large hair base. Eyes: ALE largest, PLE smallest; posterior eye row recurved viewed from above, procurved from front; ALE separated by less than their radius, ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching throughout most of their length, PLE-PME separated by less than PME radius. Clypeus height about 0.9 times ALE diameter ( Fig. 1G ). Sternum as long as wide, fused to carapace; surface finely reticulate, with medium sized pits, with a pair of tubercle-shaped ridges on posterior part (arrows in Fig. 1F ); radial furrows present only between coxae I-II, II-III. Anterior end of endites with a small, sharply pointed projection. Legs light yellow. Abdomen: booklung covers very small, ovoid, without setae. Pedicel tube short, ribbed, with small, dorsolateral, triangular extensions, scuto-pedicel region as high as diameter of pedicel, with arched scutal ridges and curved anterior scutal ridge ( Fig. 1I ). Palp ( Figs 2 , 21 A-C ): reddish brown; femur slightly shorter than half the length of patella and inserted at the patella submedially; patella very large; cymbiobulbus shorter than the patella, tip of the cymbiobulbus broad. Figure 2. Opopaea berlandi , male left palp, SEM. A, B prolateral and retrolateral views C, D, G cymbiobulbus, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views E, F, H distal part of cymbiobulbus, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views. Female. As in male except as noted. Habitus as in Fig. 3A, C, E . Body length 1.42. Endites without projections. Copulatory organ ( Figs 3H , 23A, B ): in the middle of the epigastric scutal ridge there is a dark, linguiform projection; postgynal depression extremely narrow; there is a paddle-like sclerite (pls) dorsally, with thin, smoothly curved arms; nail-like process (nlp) well separated. Figure 3. Opopaea berlandi , female. A, C, E habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views B, D, F, G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm ( A, C, E ); 0.2 mm ( B, D, F-H ). Measurements. Male. TL: 1.20; CL: 0.55; CW: 0.49; AL: 0.70; AW: 0.56; ALE: 0.07; PME: 0.07; PLE: 0.06; EGW: 0.21; ALE-ALE: 0.02; ALE-PLE: 0.01; PME-PME: 0; PLE-PME: 0; CBL: 0.21; CBW: 0.07; PTL: 0.26; FI: 0.12; FML: 0.11. Female. TL: 1.42; CL: 0.64; CW: 0.53; AL: 0.89; AW: 0.76; ALE: 0.08; PME: 0.07; PLE: 0.05; EGW: 0.21; ALE-ALE: 0.03; ALE-PLE: 0.01; PME-PME: 0; PLE-PME: 0. Distribution. Kenya.