A new subgenus and eight new species of Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae: Brueelia-complex)
Author
Gustafsson, Daniel R.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Con-
Author
Bush, Sarah E.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S. 1400 E., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2913 - 4876
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-11-25
4885
2
151
188
journal article
9444
10.11646/zootaxa.4885.2.1
b9fd5656-332a-4ee5-9722-81ddef756ca0
1175-5326
4296469
081203D8-39FF-41C3-A79A-BB63F47AB3B1
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
) Gustafsson & Bush
,
new subgenus
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
3487B0CA-0E09-4473-AB17-8DBB7D75DEA2
Brueelia
Kéler, 1936: 257
(
in part
).
Brueelia
“clade C”
Bush
et al.
2016: 743
, fig. 3c.
Type
species:
Brueelia dicruri
Ansari, 1955
ex
Dicrurus macrocercus albirictus
(Hodgson, 1836)
.
Diagnosis.
The subgenus
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
shares the following characters with the nominate subgenus: dorsal preantennal suture present; marginal carina interrupted at least medianly;
pns
and
s4
present;
as3
absent; psps present on tergopleurites IV–VII; setal rows absent on all tergopleurites in both sexes;
ss
present on tergopleurites II–VIII in both sexes;
aps
present on male tergopleurite VII; parameral heads folded medianly; gonopore open distally. However, species included in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
can be separated from those in the nominate subgenus by two characters of the male genitalia: (1) gonopore positioned terminally in species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Guimaraesiella
)
, but subterminally in species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
); (2) rugose nodi present in species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
), but absent in species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Guimaraesiella
)
. Both these characters are found in at least some species included in the subgenera
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
Mey, 2017
and
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
Gustafsson
et al
., 2019a
(
gombakensis
and
tenella
species groups). Hence,
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
may be closer to one or both of these subgenera than to
Guimaraesiella
sensu stricto
. Notably, in the phylogeny of
Bush
et al
. (2016: 742
, fig. 3(b), clade A-5), the subgenus
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
was not placed close to the nominate subgenus; however, no member of the subgenus
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
was represented in that phylogeny, and relationships among the deeper nodes within
Guimaraesiella
sensu lato
were poorly resolved.
Species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
can be separated from species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
with rugose nodi by the following characters: (1) female subgenital plate with cross-piece in
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
(
gombakensis
and
tenella
species groups), but without cross-piece in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 7
,
14
,
21
); (2) male gonopore ventral, near center of mesosome in
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
(both species groups), but subterminal in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
); (3) ventral sclerite absent in
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
(
gombakensis
species group), but present in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
); (4) parameral heads with corrugated section in
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
(both species groups), but without such corrugation in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 6
,
13
,
20
); (5) dorsal preantennal suture completely separating dorsal anterior plate in
Guimaraesiella
(
Cicchinella
)
(
tenella
species group), but not separating the dorsal anterior plate in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 3
,
10
,
17
).
Species of
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
can be separated from
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
by the following characters: (1) dorsal preantennal suture not medially continuous median to
ads
and dorsal anterior plate continuous with roof of head in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 3
,
10
,
17
), but suture medially continuous median to
ads
and dorsal anterior plate separated from roof of head in
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
; (2) mesosomal lobes with straight or bulging lateral margins and rugose nodi either poorly delimited or on bulge in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
), but with deeply sinuous lateral margins and rugose nodi clearly delimited ventrally by a noticeable ridge in
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
; (3) gonopore smooth anteriorly in
Guimaraesiella
(
Dicrurobates
)
(e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
), but serrated anteriorly in
Guimaraesiella
(
Mohoaticus
)
.
Description.
Both sexes.
Head shape variable, but preantennal area typically long and roughly trapezoidal, with flattened frons (e.g.
Figs 3
,
10
,
17
). Marginal carina broad, with irregular inner margins, interrupted medianly but not laterally (except in species where dorsal preantennal suture reaches lateral margins of head); frons hyaline, continuous with dorsal preantennal suture which reaches at least
dsms
, and may reach
ads
and lateral margins of head; ventral anterior plate present; temporal and occipital carinae not visible; antennae sexually monomorphic; temples gently rounded. Head chaetotaxy as in e.g.
Figs 3
,
10
,
17
;
as3
absent;
mts3
only temporal macrosetae.
Prothorax rectangular;
psps
on postero-lateral corners. Pterothorax roughly pentagonal, with lateral margins divergent and posterior margin either rounded or convergent to median point;
mms
moderately separated medianly. Meso- and metasterna not fused, each with 1 seta on each side on postero-lateral corners (e.g.
Figs 1–2
,
8–9
,
15–16
).
Male tergopleurites II–IX+X and female tergopleurites II–VIII divided medianly; ventral sections of tergopleurites generally slender. Sternal plates rectangular, not approaching ventral sections of tergopleurites; accessory sternal plates absent (e.g.
Figs 1–2
,
8–9
,
15–16
).
Male.
Abdominal chaetotaxy sparse, differing slightly between species. Subgenital plate roughly triangular, lateral margins typically irregular (e.g.
Figs 1
,
8
,
15
). Genitalia: basal apodeme rectangular, with rounded anterior end, often constricted at mid-length (e.g.
Figs 4
,
11
,
18
). Proximal mesosome variable, typically quadratic or rectangular, narrow compared to distal mesosome; ventral sclerite present, variable between species; mesosomal lobes gener-ally wider than proximal mesosome, with distinct bulging nodi lateral to gonopore; these nodi are typically at least partially rugose; 2
ames
sensilla and 2
pmes
sensilla on each side (e.g.
Figs 5
,
12
,
19
). Parameral heads variable (e.g.
Figs 6
,
13
,
20
). Parameral blades tapering only distally, may be slightly elongated distal to mesosome;
pst1
sensillus located proximal to
pst2
;
pst2
microseta, near distal end of paramere (e.g.
Figs 4, 6
,
11, 13
,
18, 20
).
Female.
Abdominal chaetotaxy sparse, differing slightly among species. Subgenital plate broad in anterior half, narrowing in posterior half; lateral margins of posterior half often irregular; subgenital plate does not reach vulval margin, but expands distally into lateral submarginal bulges; few
vms
and
vss
on each side;
vos
follow lateral margins of subgenital plate, with at least 1 distal
vos
separated from other
vos
by a gap, and distal most
vos
typically situated on or near distal margin of subgenital plate, near
vss
(e.g.
Figs 7
,
14
,
21
).
Host distribution.
Species of
Dicruridae
,
Oriolidae
and
Vangidae
.
Geographical range.
Afrotropical, Indo-Malayan and Australo-Papuan regions; presumably present outside these regions wherever drongos occur.
Etymology.
The name
Dicrurobates
is formed by the host genus
Dicrurus
Vieillot, 1816
—from Greek “
dikros
” = “forked”, and “
oura
” = “tail”—combined with “
bates
”, Greek for “one who walks on something”.