A review of the pontoniine shrimp genus Rapipontonia Marin, 2007 (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae), with the description of a new species from the Indo-West Pacific Author Marin, Ivan text Zootaxa 2009 2289 1 17 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.191344 e00f7a91-0ae0-4d3b-b715-d0d8d537263a 1175-5326 191344 Rapipontonia galene ( Holthuis, 1952 ) ( Figs. 3 ) Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952 : 62 –64, fig. 24 [ type locality – Ambon , Menado]. Periclimenes galene . – Bruce, 1976 : 12 , figs. 3,4; 1996: 232; Fransen, 1994 : 122 ; Bruce & Coombes, 1995 : 129 . Rapipontonia galene . – Marin, 2007 : 777 . Material. Holotype female ( RMNH D9038), Pacific Ocean, Indonesia , Ambon pier 0–2 m , Snellius Expedition, 6 May 1930 ; and 2 syntypes ( RMNH D9037), Eilandje bij Menado, 25 Sept. 1930 . Other material. 3 immature specimens ( RMNH D42851), Indian Ocean, Seychelles , St. Joseph atoll, NW rim; SEY 753, NIOP-E, Sta. 753, 5º24’S 53º19’E ; reef slope, 10 m . , on hydroids, 26 July 1992 ; coll. Fransen; 1 juv. (or young male) ( RMNH , D 42879), Indian Ocean, Seychelles , St. Joseph atoll, NW rim; SEY 753, NIOP-E, Sta. 753, 5º24’S 53º19’E ; reef slope, 10 m . , on hydroids, 26 July 1992 ; coll. Fransen; 1 immature female ( RMNH D48165), Pacific Ocean, Indonesia , Mollucas, Ambon , Leitimur, Ambon Bay, outer bay, Tg. Benteng (=Galghoek); Sta. RBE 0 5, 0 9 June1990 , 2– 3 m , on hydroid, coll. Fransen; 1 juv (or immature female) ( RMNH D48424), Philippines , Cebu strait, Olango Channel, E side of Olango Is., Sta. CEB . 0 1, 10º15,54’N 124º04,17’E , gentle reef slope, 0 4 Nov. 1999 , 10m, on dead Cirripathes with overgrowing colonies of Didemnium, Nemanthus , and hydroids, coll. C. Fransen; 1 ovigerous female ( RMNH D48423), Philippines , Cebu strait, W. of Bohol, N side of Cabilao, NE of Looc, Olango, Sta. CEB . 0 9, 9º53.59’N 123º46,92’E , overhanging wall with caves, 12 Nov. 1999 , 10m, on hydroid, coll. C. Fransen (photo 9/28–34); 1 male (QM W28359), Pacific Ocean, Hawaii , off Ulua Beach, Kihei, Maui, 20º47’N , 156º28’W , 10 m , on Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820) (Hydroidea, an introduced species), 0 7 Oct. 2005 , coll. M. Roberts. Diagnosis. Small epigastric tooth divided from carapace by undistinguished suture. Rostrum ( Fig. 3 A) slender, rostral formula 1+6–7/0; proximal rostral crest with 4–5 large teeth; distal part of rostrum slender, with second dorsal tooth separated from subapical tooth by distinct gap. Antenna ( Fig. 3 B) with distolateral margin of basal segment bearing sharp distolateral tooth and rounded median lobe. First pereiopod slender, fingers with spoon-like tips ( Fig. 3 D). Second pereiopods ( Fig. 3 E, G) smooth, equal in size both in females and males, reaching to the distal margin of antennular peduncle; merus about 10 times longer than wide, carpus about 7 times longer than maximal width, flaring distally, palm ( Fig. 3 F, H) about 3 times longer than wide, ratio of merus: carpus: propodus: dactylus is 4.5: 3.5: 2: 1. Third pereiopod with distoventral margin of propodus bearing 2–3 long unpaired and a pair of long distoventral spines ( Fig. 3 G); most proximal third unpaired spine, if present, about twice shorter than the next one ( Fig. 3 I). Remarks. All examined specimens agree well with previous descriptions ( Holthuis, 1952 ; Bruce, 1976 ). The species clearly differs from the remaining species of the genus by the slender, second pereiopod which are equal in both sexes; with carpus about twice longer than propodus and fingers about half of palm length. Coloration. The description of alive coloration presented on the label of the specimen (RMNH, D48423): “ Transparent with oblong dorsal internal stripe; with brown line from antennules to telson; several white chromatophores on carapace and abdomen; eyestalk with red line ”. FIGURE 3 . Rapipontonia galene (Holthuis, 1952) , female (RMNH, D48423): A—carapace and rostrum, lateral view; B—antennular peduncle, dorsal; C—basal segments of third maxilliped; D—chela of first pereiopod; E, G—second pereiopods; F, H—same, chela; I—grasping mechanism of third pereiopod; J—ventral spines on propodus of third pereiopod. Scale bar: 1 mm. Hosts and distribution. The species is known throughout numerous localities in the Indo-West Pacific (Eastern Africa, Seychelles , Vietnam , Philippines , Indonesia , Comoro Islands , Japan , Australia ) ( Holthuis, 1952 ; Bruce, 1976 , 1996; Fransen, 1994 ; Bruce & Coombes, 1995 ; present study) and Hawaii (present study). Known in associations with the hydroids Lytocarpia sp., Aglaophenia sp. and Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820) (Cnidaria, Hydroidea, Thecaphora) ( Bruce, 1976 , 1996; present study)