A review of the genus Lordiphosa Basden in India, with descriptions of four new species from the Himalayan region (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Author Fartyal, Rajendra S. Systematics, Cytogenetics and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Srinagar-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India fartyalrs@gmail.com Author Sati, Pradeep C. Systematics, Cytogenetics and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Srinagar-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India Author Pradhan, Sushmika P. G. Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India & Genetics Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India Author Kandpal, Mukul C. Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India Author Toda, Masanori J. Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, N 10, W 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan Author Chatterjee, Rabindra N. Genetics Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India Author Singh, Birendra K. Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India Author Bhardwai, Asha Systematics, Cytogenetics and Molecular Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, Srinagar-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India text ZooKeys 2017 2017-08-08 688 49 79 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.12590 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.12590 1313-2970-688-49 9FD88178828543D89A6E560287FE0199 4A72FF87A05DF179FFE8FF852A295E52 3484841 Lordiphosa antillaria (Okada) Fig. 3 Drosophila (Lordiphosa) antillaria Okada, 1984: 565. Lordiphosa antillaria : Zhang et al., 1996 : 349. Drosophila (Lordiphosa) parantillaria Kumar & Gupta, 1990: 27. Syn. n. Specimens examined. INDIA : 5♂ , 3♀ , West Bengal , Assam , Bagdogra , 29 November 1981 (NSMT: National Museum of Nature and Science , Tsukuba , Japan ; SEHU) ; 7♂ , 1♀ , Uttarakhand , Srinagar-Pauri Garhwal , Develgarh , 26 January 2011 (DZHNBGU, MZSIK, SEHU). MYNMAR : 1♂ , Pyin Oo Lwin , 30 December 1981 (SEHU) . TAIWAN : 1♂ , Chitou , 20 January 1982 (SEHU) ; 11♂ , 10♀ , Chitou , 8 January 2008 (SEHU) ; 1♂ , Fushan , 17 April 1997 (SEHU) . Diagnosis . Paramere apically unevenly bifurcated (Fig. 3F ). Aedeagus membranous, with numerous spinules (Fig. 3E ). Description (supplementary and revised). Adult male. Head . Eye with sparse, interfacetal setulae. Occiput dark brown in upper half, pale yellow in lower half. Approximately 13-18 supracervical setae thin, apically more or less curved and pointed; postocular setae 12-18; occipital setae 7-11, including medial tiny ones. Dorsolateral arms of tentorial apodeme divergent, apically curved outward, reaching to fronto-orbital plate; dorsomedial arm half as long as dorsolateral arm. Interspace between antennal sockets narrower than half of socket width; first flagellomere grey, fringed with sparse, somewhat curved and long hairs on distal, outer margin, with only one small invaginated pouch; arista with 5-7 dorsal and 3-4 ventral branches in addition to terminal fork (Fig. 3B ). Facial carina only slightly elevated, without setulae below. Subvibrissal seta distinctly shorter than vibrissa; additional row of oral setulae present above marginal row on anterior portion. Palpus with one prominent terminal and 3-4 short, subapical to lateroventral setae, without setulae on basal lobe (Fig. 3C ). Cibarium thickened on anterior margin, not dilated laterad in anterior portion; anterolateral corners almost not projected; dorsal sclerite pear-shaped in dorsal view, anteriorly convex in lateral view; anterior sensilla two pairs, widely arranged in square behind anterior margin of hypopharynx; 28-37 medial sensilla arranged in anteriorly convergent rows; sensilla campaniformia two; posterior sensilla long, trichoid, anteriad curved, 20-22 arranged in anteriorly slightly convergent rows; somewhat sclerotized, thickened (in lateral view), anterior portion of hypopharynx 1/4 as long as cibarium (Fig. 3C ). Labellum with five pseudotracheae (Fig. 3C ). Thorax . Posterior dorsocentral seta nearly equidistant from anterior margin of scutellum and anterior dorsocentral seta. Prescutellar setae absent. Anterior katepisternal seta as thin as aristal branches; no setula present anteriorly to anterior katepisternal seta. Wing . Veins grey yellow; crossveins clear; bm-cu crossvein absent (Fig. 3A ). C1 setae two, unequal in size. Legs . Foreleg femur with approximately nine long setae in two rows on outer side; tarsus with neither tuft of dense, soft hairs on ventral side nor long setae. Abdomen . Sternites pale grey; V and VI darker; VI setigerous. Terminalia (Fig. 3D-F ). Epandrium smoothly curved on posterior mid-dorsal margin, folded inward on ventral margin, pubescent except anterolateral margin and ventral lobe, triangularly pointed at insertion of surstylus (Fig. 3D ). Surstylus articulated to epandrium, somewhat semicircular plate with neither pubescence nor trichoid setae on outer surface; prensisetae apically blunt (Fig. 3D ). Cercus separated from epandrium, more or less sclerotized along anterior margin, nearly entirely pubescent except for posterior margin (Fig. 3D ). Membrane between cercus and epandrium not pubescent (Fig. 3D ). Lateral lobe of tenth sternite smaller than median lobe. Hypandrium dark brown, pubescent on small patches near caudolateral corners, approximately 1.5 times as long as wide, with a pair of inward extended plates apically articulated to ventral apices of parameres (Fig. 3E ). Paramere distally curved posteriad, with 3-5 tiny sensilla in a row on proximal portion (Fig. 3F ). Aedeagal basal process sclerotized, small, half as short as aedeagus, posteriorly connected through arch-shaped membrane bearing numerous tiny spinules to gonopod (Fig. 3F ). Gonopods fused, forming somewhat semicircular plate (Fig. 3E ). Measurements (range in 6♂, in mm). BL = 1.40-1.72, ThL = 0.65-0.75, WL = 1.74-1.98, WW = 0.65-0.81. Indices (range in 6♂, in ratio). FW/HW = 0.53-0.61, ch/o = 0.11-0.25, prorb = 0.40-0.73, rcorb = 0.07-0.27, vb = 0.30-0.63, dcl = 0.67-0.80, sctl = 1.36-1.54, sterno = 0.38-0.50, sterno2 (mid katepisternal seta / posterior katepisternal seta in length) = 0.10-0.33, orbito = 0.60-0.75, dcp = 0.25-0.43, sctlp = 1.27-1.33, C = 2.64-3.08, 4c = 0.80-1.00, 4v = 1.57-2.00, 5x = 1.40-1.88, ac = 2.40-3.25, M = 0.47-0.54, C3F = 0.27-0.45. Adult female. Head, thorax, wings, and legs as in male. Terminalia (Fig. 3G, H ). Tergite VIII dark brown, ventrally broadened, pubescent only on caudodorsal margin, with 2-3 small setae near ventral margin (Fig. 3G ). Epiproct and hypoproct pale greyish yellow; nearly entirely pubescent and setigerous (Fig. 3G ). Oviscapt with approximately 12 marginal ovisensilla (proximal most and dorsal two trichoid but the others peg-like), approximately four lateral trichoid ones, ventro-subterminal trichoid one as long as dorsal marginal ones and approximately three apical small setae (Fig. 3G ). Spermathecal capsule dark brown, spherical, smooth; introvert very shallow, 1/10 as deep as capsule height (Fig. 3H ). Measurements (1♀, in mm). BL = 1.79, ThL = 0.81, WL = 2.11, WW = 0.81. Indices (1♀, in ratio). FW/HW = 0.56, ch/o = 0.11, prorb = 0.50, rcorb = 0.17, vb = 0.60, dcl = 0.56, sctl = 1.00, sterno = 0.63, sterno2 = 0.25, orbito = 0.75, dcp = 0.50, sctlp = 1.33, C = 3.00, 4c = 0.81, 4v = 1.75, 5x = 1.33, ac = 4.33, M = 0.50, C3F = 0.31. Figure 3. Lordiphosa antillaria (Okada, 1984) (♂♀ from Bagdogra, Assam, West Bengal, India): A ♂ left lateral habitus B antenna C mouthparts (lateral view) D periphallic organs (caudolateral view) E, F phallic organs (aedeagal apodeme broken) ( E ventral view F ventrolateral view) G ♀ terminalia H spermatheca. Scale bars 0.5 mm A ; 0.1 mm B-H . Distribution. Taiwan, China (Guangdong), Myanmar*, India (Sikkim, West Bengal*, Uttarakhand*) [* new record]. Remarks. Kumar and Gupta (1990) described L. parantillaria (under the subgenus Drosophila Lordiphosa of the genus Drosophila ), based on 3♂ and 1♀ specimens collected from Ranipool, Gangtok district, Sikkim, India, distinguishing it from L. antillaria by the following characters: "arista branches 6/2 (6/5 in Lordiphosa antillaria ), 5X-index 1.6 (2.5 in Lordiphosa antillaria ) and anterior gonapophysis with 3 sensilla on basal half (with 9-10 sensilla on entire margin in Lordiphosa antillaria )". However, examining the specimens collected from Bagdogra, West Bengal, approximately 60 km south of Ranipool, in comparison with the specimens from Chitou, Taiwan (the type locality of L. antillaria ), we found no significant differences in these and other characters between them (Fig. 3 , Suppl. material 1). Thus, we here synonymize Lordiphosa parantillaria (Kumar & Gupta, 1990) with Lordiphosa antillaria (Okada, 1984). This species closely resembles Lordiphosa subantillaria (Okada, 1984) from Java and Lordiphosa ramipara (Zhang & Liang, 1992) in having the distally posteriad curved and bifurcated paramere, but can be distinguished from them by the diagnostic characters: in Lordiphosa subantillaria , the paramere has short branch submedially and the aedeagus lacks spinules ( Okada 1984 : "Fig. 4 "); in Lordiphosa ramipara , the paramere has the longer branches equal in size ( Zhang and Liang 1992 : "Figs 2 , 3 ").