Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding Author Kirichenko, Natalia Author Triberti, Paolo Author Akulov, Evgeniy Author Ponomarenko, Margarita Author Gorokhova, Svetlana Author Sheiko, Viktor Author Ohshima, Issei Author Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos text Zootaxa 2019 2019-08-07 4652 1 1 55 journal article 26071 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1 6a9d1e6c-413c-4d86-a0ed-25794f202b06 1175-5326 3363475 6A7D6858-A43D-4FD5-8B76-FE3C1EB8DAB3 Phyllonorycter sp. 7 ( Fig. 14A ) Material examined. Russia : PK , Gornotaezhnoe , forest around MTS, 43.68N , 132.17E , 224 m alt., Ulmus glabra , 23.VII.2016 , 1 pupa , NK550 , MK 403718 ; SO , Sakhalin Island , Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk , BGIS , 47.05N , 142.74E , 57 m alt., U. davidiana var. japonica , 12.VII.2017 , 1 larva, NK626 , MK 403715 , deposited in INRA. Leaf mine. The mine is an elongated, significantly contracted blotch, strictly between the secondary veins on the lower side of the leaf ( Fig. 14A ). Later, the epidermis-covering mine becomes brown as usually happens to vacated mines, but in this case the larva is still present in the mine ( Fig. 14A ). Pupation in the mine. Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Ulmus : U. glabra , U. davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae) . Distribution. Russia : RFE—PK, SO ( Sakhalin Island). Remarks. BIN of unknown species—BOLD: ACN4282. No genetic divergence detected between the two DNA barcoded specimens of Phyllonorycter sp. 7 from Ulmus glabra and U. davidiana var. japonica . In BOLD, the closest neighbor to Phyllonorycter sp. 7 is an unidentified Phyllonorycter sampled from Ulmus in Taiwan , with minimal interspecific distance 4.9%, followed by the European species, Ph. tristrigella , 5.5%. In East Asia , five Ulmus -feeding species occur: Ph. bicinctella (Matsumura) (hosts: Ulmus davidiana var. japonica , U. pumila ), Ph. laciniatae (Kumata) ( U. davidiana var. japonica , U. laciniata , U. pumila ), Ph. pumilae (Ermolaev) ( U. pumila ), Ph. ulmi (Kumata) ( U. davidiana , U. davidiana var. japonica , U. laciniata , Zelkova serrata , and Ph. valentina (Ermolaev) ( U. davidiana var. japonica , U. macrocarpa ) ( De Prins & De Prins 2018 ). Among these species, the sequences of two species, Ph. pumilae and P. ulmi , are only available in genetic databases. The minimum interspecific divergence between Phyllonorycter sp. 7 and the two species Ph. ulmi and Ph. pumila reaches 7.5% and 12.2%., respectively ( Table 2 ). Phyllonorycter sp. 7 may potentially be Ph. laciniatae that develops on U. davidiana var. japonica in East Asia , but less likely Ph. bicinctella or Ph. valentina that feed on other Ulmus species.