Additional new species and new records of the genus Sticta (lichenised Ascomycota, lobarioid Peltigeraceae) from Bolivia
Author
Ossowska, Emilia Anna
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-6071
Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL- 80 - 308 Gdansk, Poland
emilia.ossowska@ug.edu.pl
Author
Moncada, Bibiana
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2918
Licenciatura en Biologia, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas, Cra. 4 No. 26 D- 54, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogota D. C., Colombia & Research Associate, Science & Education, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore, Chicago, IL 60605, USA & Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Strasse 6 - 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Author
Luecking, Robert
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-4636
Research Associate, Science & Education, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore, Chicago, IL 60605, USA & Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Strasse 6 - 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Author
Flakus, Adam
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0712-0529
W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL- 31 - 512 Krakow, Poland
Author
Rodriguez-Flakus, Pamela
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8300-5613
W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL- 31 - 512 Krakow, Poland
Author
Olszewska, Sandra
10 th High School in Gdynia, Wladyslawa IV, PL- 81 - 384 Gdynia, Poland
Author
Kukwa, Martin
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-909X
Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL- 80 - 308 Gdansk, Poland
text
MycoKeys
2024
2024-04-23
105
21
47
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.105.120810
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.105.120810
1314-4049-105-21
916EA2BA8A015929AF2870E9076369D2
Sticta macrolobata Ossowska, B. Moncada,
Luecking
& Kukwa
sp. nov.
Fig. 3
Diagnosis.
Differing from
S. laciniata
in cyanobacteria as photobiont, thallus up to 25 cm in diam., broad lobes, verrucous (rarely weakly crenate) to tomentose apothecial margins, which is often ciliate in the lower part, light to dark brown lower surface and cyphellae with elevated margins.
Type
.
Bolivia
. Dept.
Santa Cruz
; Prov. Florida,
Parque Nacional
Amboro
, above
la
Yunga Village
, senda
Los Helechos
,
18°03'30"S
,
63°54'36"W
, elev.
2330 m
, Yungas cloud forest, corticolous,
07 June 2011
,
M. Kukwa
9801 (
holotype
UGDA,
isotype
LPB)
.
Description.
Primary photobiont cyanobacterial (
Nostoc
). Stipe absent. Thallus irregular, coriaceous, up to 25 cm diam., moderately branched, with 4-5 branches per 5 cm radius, branching pleurotomous to polytomous; lobes laciniate to flabellate, plane, with their apices orbicular and involute, margins entire, not thickened, with brown marginal line; lobe internodes 7-14 mm long, 7-50 mm broad. Upper surface smooth to shallowly scrobiculate, light brown to brown with darker apices when dry, shiny; surface glabrous, without papillae and pruina, but with irregular, scattered, pale beige maculae; marginal cilia absent, but extensions of the lower tomentum visible. Apothecia abundant to sparse, principally laminal to submarginal, dispersed to aggregated, pedicellate, with pronounced invagination on the lower side, up to 5 mm diam.; disc plane, brown to chestnut-brown, shiny, epruinose to delicately pruinose; margin persistent, verrucous to tomentose, rarely weakly crenate, often ciliate in the lower part, with brown tomentum, abundant in young apothecia, sparse in old ones. Vegetative propagules absent. Lower surface plane to uneven, light towards the margins and dark brown towards the centre; primary tomentum dense, thick, but thinner towards the margin, spongy to fasciculate, golden-brown in young parts to brown in older with lighter tips; secondary tomentum present, pubescent. Rhizines present, irregularly dispersed, fasciculate to barbate, up to 6 mm, dark brown. Cyphellae 1-20 per cm2 towards the thallus centre and 41-60 per cm2 towards the margin, scattered, rounded to irregular, urceolate with wide pore, erumpent to sessile, remaining below the level of the primary tomentum, with the margin elevated and involute, brown-coloured, without tomentum or with tomentum at the base; pore (0.25-)0.5-1(-1.5) mm diam.; basal membrane scabrid, yellow. Medulla compact, yellow. Pycnidia present, sparse, immersed.
Figure 3.
Morphology of
Sticta macrolobata
(holotype)
A
upper surface
B
lower surface
C
apothecia with verrucous to tomentose margins
D
lower tomentum with cyphellae
E
rhizines
F
section of apothecium. Scale bars: 1 mm (
A-E
); 100
μm
(
F
).
Upper cortex paraplectenchymatous, 30-40
μm
thick, differentiated into two cellular layers with the upper layer consisting of 1-2 layers of small cells, cells 4-15
x
4-10
μm
diam., their walls 1-3
μm
thick and their lumina rounded to isodiametric, 3-14
μm
diam. Photobiont layer 45-75
μm
thick, its cells 10-20
μm
diam. Medulla 80-120
μm
thick, its hyphae 3-4
μm
broad. Lower cortex paraplectenchymatous, 30-40
μm
thick, homogeneous, consisting of 2-3 layers of cells, cells 7-15
x
6-10
μm
, their walls 2-4
μm
thick. Hairs of lower primary tomentum up to 220
μm
long, in fascicles of more than 20, hyphae simple or rarely branched, 6-8
μm
wide with uneven walls, septate with free apices; secondary tomentum sparse, locally developed, up to 2 cells and up to 10
μm
long. Cyphellae cavity up to 250
μm
deep; cells of basal membrane without papillae. Apothecia biatorine, up to 1 mm high, with distinct stipe; excipulum up to 150
μm
broad, laterally with projecting hairs. Hymenium up to 125
μm
high; epihymenium up to 10
μm
high, brown-orange, with gelatinous upper layer, covered by tiny granules. Asci 6-8-spored, ascospores fusiform, 1(-3)-septate, 25-38
x
6-8
μm
.
Secondary chemistry.
Unidentified substance in Rf classes A2-3 and C2. Basal membrane of cyphellae K- to K+ pale yellow, C-, KC-, P-. Medulla K+ ochraceous-yellow, C-, KC-, P-.
Habitat and distribution.
Sticta macrolobata
was found on tree bark in Yungas forest. It was collected from a single locality in the Parque Nacional
Amboro
in the Santa Cruz Department.
Etymology.
The name refers to the presence of wide lobes, which are up to 50 mm broad.
Notes.
Sticta macrolobata
resembles
S. laciniata
, but the latter has green photobiont and the thallus is smaller, up to 10 cm broad and more branched than in the new species (
Hooker 1822
;
Moncada 2012
). Both species have apothecia with tomentose margins, but in the new species, the margins are also verrucous to rarely weakly crenate and often ciliate in the lower part, whereas in
S. laciniata
, only tomentose. In addition, in
S. macrolobata
, the apothecial discs are brown to chestnut-brown and in
S. laciniata
, orange to reddish (
Hooker 1822
;
Moncada 2012
).
The new species forms a clade with
Sticta borinquensis
Merc.-
Diaz
&
Luecking
,
S. densiphyllidiata
Merc.-
Diaz
&
Luecking
,
S. riparia
and
S. scabrosa
(Fig.
1
), although with low support. All four species produce abundant propagules in the form of phyllidia which are absent in the new species (
Mercado-Diaz
et al. 2020
;
Moncada et al. 2021b
).
Sticta borinquensis
and
S. densiphyllidiata
are epiphytic species known so far from Puerto-Rico (
Mercado-Diaz
et al. 2020
) and
S. riparia
is reported here as new to Bolivia (see below).
Sticta scabrosa subsp. scabrosa
was recently confirmed from Bolivia (
Ossowska et al. 2022b
) and apothecia were observed in the Bolivian specimens for the first time.