Review of North European species of the genus Lathrolestes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) with description of one new species from Öland (Sweden) Author Reshchikov, Alexey text Zootaxa 2015 2015-10-21 4033 1 1 47 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.1.1 feafe371-224b-495b-b5e2-a90e06d7b55b 1175-5326 289776 FB792411-6C1D-43C1-8F85-9FF46A073869 Lathrolestes Lathrolestes Förster, 1869 : 196 . Type-species: Tryphon clypeatus Zetterstedt. Camporychus Förster, 1869 . Type-species: Lathrolestes marginatus Thomson ; Culmina Benoit, 1955 . Type-species: Culmina ruwenzorica Benoit; Ecclinops Förster, 1869 . Type-species: Tryphon orbitalis Gravenhorst ; Homalomma Förster, 1869 . Type-species: Homalomma caliroae Rohwer ; Laphyroscopus Förster, 1869 . Type-species: Tryphon gorskii Ratzeburg ; Lathrolestus Thomson, 1883 . Type-species: Lathrolestus clypeatus Zetterstedt Luphyroscopus Thomson, 1883 . Type-species: Luphyroscopus gorskii Ratzeburg Ritzemabosia Smits van Burgst, 1912 . Type-species: Ritzemabosia meridionalis Smits van Burgst; Tryphonopsis Brauns, 1898 . Tryphonopsis ensator Brauns Diagnosis. Small to medium sized species, 4.0– 7.5 mm . Occipital carina not intercepting hypostomal carina. Clypeus profile flat, its apical margin thick. Mandibles with lower tooth distinctly longer than the upper. Areolet petiolate, oblique. Second recurrent vein with a single bulla. Nervellus intercepted below or at its middle. Tarsal claws pectinate, with 1 or 3 teeth or with basal lobe. Glymmae deep. Apex of subgenital plate of male not incurved on hind margin. Tip of aedeagus somewhat decurved and swollen, its apex rounded. Ovipositor sheath 0.3 to 15 × as long as metasomal height. Biology . Their larvae are koinobont endoparasitoids usually on leafmining sawfly larvae of the tribe Fenusini ( Hymenoptera , Tenthredinidae ); these feed on foliage of deciduous trees or shrubs ( Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer 1989 ) excluding Metallus gei , feeding on Geum urbanum . A few species are known to attack leafmining lepidopteran larvae of the family Eriocraniidae— L. clypeatus ( Zetterstedt 1838 ) and L. mnemonicae ( Rohwer 1914 ) ( Rohwer 1914 ; Heath 1961 ; Carlson 1979 ) and leafmining beetle larvae of the family Megalopodidae— L. zeugophorae Barron, 1994 . Some Lathrolestes species attack sawflies with a different lifestyle such as Lathrolestes ensator , which is a parasitoid of the carpophagous, Hoplocampa testudinea ( Nematinae , Hoplocampini). Lathrolestes caudatus attacks larvae of Ardis brunniventris (Blennocompinae, Blennocompini) , which feeds within branches of dog rose. Lathrolestes luteolator attacks larvae of slug sawflies, Caliroa ( Heterarthrinae , Caliroini) ( Carl, 1976 ). Data on trophic interections of the genus Lathrolestes is provided in Table 1 . TABLE 1. Trophic interactions of the genus Lathrolestes .
№ Lathrolestes species Host species Host plant
1. Lathrolestes bipunctatus ( Bridgman, 1886 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa pusilla (Lepetelier) [ Zirngiebl, 1961 ] Betula pendula [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
F. ulmi (Sundevall, 1847) [Hedwig, 1962] Ulmus glabra ; U. minor [Liston, 1993]; U. foliacea [ Scobiola-Palade, 1974 ]; U. americana , U. elliptica , U. glabra , U. rubra [ Smith, 1995 ]
2. L. caudatus ( Thomson, 1883 ) Blennocampinae , Blennocampini: Ardis brunniventris (Hartig, 1837) [ Evenhuis, 1973 ; Hinz, 1996 ] Rosa rugosa [ Evenhuis, 1973 ]
3. L. citreus ( Brischke, 1878 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Parna tenella (Klug, 1816) [Ozols, 1961] Tilia cordata [ Kontuniemi, 1960 ]; T. vulgaris [ Liston, 1995 ]
4. L. clypeatus ( Zetterstedt, 1838 ) Lepidoptera , Eriocraniidae : Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854); E. sangii (Wood, 1891) ; E. semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835) ; E. sparrmannella (Bosc, 1791) ; E. unimaculella (Zetterstedt, 1839) [ Heath, 1961 ] Betula sp. [ Kutenkova, 1999 ]
5. L. constrictus (Provancher, 1882) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Metallus rohweri MacGillivray, 1909 [ Barron, 1994 ] Rubus [ Barron, 1994 ]
6. L. ensator ( Brauns, 1898 ) Nematinae , Hoplocampini: Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug) [ Zapryanov, 1985 ; Zijp & Blommers, 1993 ; Babendreier, 1996; Boeve, 1996 ; Vincent et al. , 2002 ; Zijp & Blommers, 2002a; 2002 b.] Malus pumila ; Malus sylvestris [Zijp & Blommers, 1993 ; Babendreier, 1996; Boeve, 1996 ; Vincent et al. , 2002 ; Zijp & Blommers, 2002a; 2002b .]
7. L. luteolator ( Gravenhorst, 1829 ) Heterarthrinae , Caliroini: Caliroa annulipes (Klug, 1816) [ Hinz, 1961 ; Schönrogge, 1991 ] Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur , Q. petraea , Q. cerris , Q. palustris , Q. rubra , Salix caprea , Tilia cordata , Vaccinium oxycoccus [ Schönrogge, 1991 ]; Vaccinium vitis- idaea [Verzhutskii, 1981];
C. cerasi L. [ Carl, 1976 ] Cydonia oblonga , Mespilus germanica , Rubus [ Benson, 1962 ], Crataegus laevigata [ Chevin, 1974 ], Quercus robur , Q. petraea , Q. cerris , Q. palustris , Q. rubra , Rosa canina , Salix caprea , [ Schönrogge, 1991 ]; Prunus avium , P. duclis , Pyrus [Buczacki & Harris, 1998]
......continued on the next page TABLE 1. (Continued)
№ Lathrolestes species Host species Host plant
C.cinxia [ Schönrogge, 1991 ] Quercus robur , Q. petraea , Q. cerris , Q. palustris , Q. rubra , [ Schönrogge, 1991 ];
Heterarthrinae , Heterarthrini: Heterarthrus vagans (Fallén, 1808) [ Aubert, 2000 ] Alnus sp. [Benson, 1952]
Argidae, Sterictophorinae : Sterictiphora geminate (Gmelin, 1790) [ Aubert, 2000 ] Rosa sp. [Benson, 1952]
8. L. luteolus ( Thomson, 1883 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa carpinifoliae ( Liston, 1993 ) [ Horstmann, 2004 ] Ulmus carpinifolia [ Horstmann, 2004 ]
9. L. macropygus ( Holmgren, 1857 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) [ Hedwig, 1950 ] Betula pubescens [Benson, 1952]
Parna tenella (Klug, 1816) [ Györfi, 1947 ] Tilia cordata , T platyphylla [ Liston, 1993 ]
Scolioneura betuleti (Klug, 1816) [ Hedwig, 1962 ] Betula pendula [ Hedwig, 1962 ]
Blennocampinae : Periclista albida (Klug, 1814) [ Aubert, 2000 ] Quercus petraea , Q. robur [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
10. L. messae Barron, 1994 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Messa populifoliella (Townsend, 1893) [ Barron, 1994 ] Populus [ Barron, 1994 ]
11. L. mnemonicae ( Rohwer, 1914 ) Lepidoptera , Eriocraniidae : Quercus [ Barron, 1994 ]
Dyseriocrania auricyanea (Walsingham, 1882) [ Rohwer, 1914 ]
D. griseocapitella (Walsingham, 1882) [ Carlson, 1979 ] Quercus [ Barron, 1994 ]
12. L. morator Aubert, 1984 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Scolioneura betuleti (Klug, 1814) [ Aubert, 1984 ] Betula pendula [ Viramo, 1969 ]
13. L. nigricollis ( Thomson, 1883 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989] Betula populifolia [ Barron,1994 ]
14. L. occultor Aubert, 1984 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Messa nana (Klug, 1814) [Aubert, 1984] Betula pendula , B. pubescens [ Kontuniemi, 1960 ]
15. L. periclistae Barron, 1994 Blennocampinae : Quercus alba ; Q. ilicifolia ; Q.
Periclista albicollis (Norton, 1872) [ Barron, 1994 ] macrocarpa; Q. rubra ; [ Barron, 1994 ]
16. L. pictilis ( Holmgren, 1857 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa dohrnii (Tischbein,1846) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989]; F. pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) , Profenusa pygmaea (Klug, 1814) [ Aubert, 2000 ] Alnus glutinosa [ Ozols, 1959 ]
......continued on the next page TABLE 1. (Continued)
№ Lathrolestes species Host species Host plant
17. L. platynus (Davis, 1897) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Profenusa alumna ( MacGillivray, 1923) [Barron, 1994] Quercus rubra [Barron, 1994]
18. L. profenusae Barron, 1994 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Profenusa sp. [Barron, 1994] Quercus rubra [Barron, 1994]
19. L. soperi Reshchikov, 2010 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Profenusa thomsoni [Reshchikov et al. , 2010] Betula pendula ; B. papyrifera [Reshchikov et al. , 2010]
20. L. thomsoni Reshchikov, 2010 Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Profenusa thomsoni [Reshchikov et al. , 2010] Betula pendula ; B. papyrifera [Reshchikov et al. , 2010]
21. L. tomostethi (Cushman, 1935) Blennocampinae : Tomostethus multicinctus (Rohwer, 1909) [ Barron,1994 ] Fraxinus americana ; F. oregona [ Barron, 1994 ]
22. L. tripunctor ( Thunberg,1824 ) Blennocampinae : Rhadinoceraea micans (Klug, 1814) [ Giraud, 1872 ] Iris laevigatus , I. pseudacorus, I. spuria, Fraxinus excelsior [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
Tomostethus nigritus [ Hinz, 1961 ] Fraxinus excelsior [ Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
23. L. truncatus (Provancher, 1888) Heterarthrinae : Metallus rohweri MacGillivray,1909 [ Barron, 1994 ] Rubus [ Barron, 1994 ]
Blennocampinae : Periclista albicollis [ Barron, 1994 ] Quercus rubra [ Barron, 1994 ]
24. L. ungularis ( Thomson, 1883 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989; Schönrogge & Altenhofer, 1992] Betula pendula , Castanea sativa [ Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
Profenusa pygmaea (Klug, 1814) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989; Schönrogge & Altenhofer, 1992] Quercus robur [ Kontuniemi, 1960 ]
25. L. verticalis ( Brischke, 1871 ) Heterarthrinae , Fenusini: Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) [ Rudow, 1919 ] Betula pendula [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
Metallus gei (Brischke, 1883) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989] Geum urbanum [Chevin, 1980]; G. rivale [ Kontuniemi, 1960 ]
M. pumilus [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989 ] Rubus fruticosus [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957]
Scolioneura betuleti [ Aubert, 2000 ] Betula pendula [ Viramo, 1969 ]
Hoplocampa testudinea [Jaworska, 1992] Malus sylvestris , Pyrus communis [ Lorenz & Kraus, 1957 ]
26. L. zeugophorae Barron, 1994 Coleoptera , Megalopodidae : Zeugophora sp. [ Barron, 1994 ] Betula sp., Populus tremula [Bullock, 1992; Cox, 2007 ]
Biological control . The leaf mining sawfly Fenusa pusilla is a pest of birch in Northern America ( Coulson 1992 , Barron 1994 , van Driesche et al. 1997 ). This species was brought from Europe ( Friend 1933 ) and became an important pest ( Fuester et al. 1984 ). Lathrolestes nigricollis has been successfully used against this species of sawfly ( Raske & Jones, 1975 , Guevremont & Quednau, 1977 , van Driesche et al. , 1997 , Langor et al. , 2000 , Casagrande et al. , 2009 ). An attempt was made to use the same species of Lathrolestes against another invasive birch pest, Profenusa thomsoni ( Langor et al. , 2000 ) . However, during the successful biological control studies of P. thomsoni , two new species of the genus were discovered (Reshchikov et al, 2010), L. thomsoni and L. soperi and both these species are used against P. thomsoni successfully ( Soper et al. 2015 ).