Oxandra unibracteata (Annonaceae), a new species from the Atlantic Forest and a new synonym of O. nitida Author Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Botânica. Rua do Matão, 277. 05508 - 090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Author Junikka, Leo Botany Unit, FMNH, P. O. Box 7, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Author Mello-Silva, Renato Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Botânica. Rua do Matão, 277. 05508 - 090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; text Phytotaxa 2013 2013-03-05 84 1 25 30 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.84.1.2 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.84.1.2 1179-3163 5071704 Key to species of the genus Oxandra in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest 1. Leaves with tertiary veins distinctly reticulate ........................................................................................................... 2 - Leaves with tertiary veins not reticulate or only slightly reticulate.............................................................................. 3 2. Leaves elliptic to narrowly ovate with a cordate base; pedicels 3–6 mm long, bracts 2–10; stipe of monocarps 1–4 mm long .................................................................................................................................................... O. reticulata - Leaves narrowly elliptic with an acute to slightly attenuate base; pedicels 12–15 mm long, bract 1; stipe of monocarps 7–8 mm long ................................................................................................................................ O. unibracteata 3. Androdioecious; outer petals lanceolate; stipe of monocarps 7 mm long ................................................. O. martiana Hermaphrodite , perfect flowers; outer petals orbiculate; stipe of monocarps 1 mm long ................................ O. nitida