Phylogeny and revision of Leucaltis and Leucettusa (Porifera: Calcarea), with new classification proposals and description of a new type of aquiferous system
Author
Lopes, Matheus Vieira
Author
Klautau, Michelle
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2023
2023-07-31
198
691
746
journal article
54778
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad008
e725dafd-ea73-4b9d-ac7f-452e3052bf29
0024-4082
7894159
5945BCC4-C3CB-4370-8ED8-632D8C6F1B15
ROWELLA
LANCIFERA
(
DENDY
, 1924
)
COMB
.
NOV
.
(
FIGS
22
,
23
;
TABLE
12
)
Synonyms:
Leucettusa lancifer
–
Dendy, 1924: 278
;
Brøndsted, 1926: 301
;
Burton, 1929: 402
; Burton,
Figure 22.
RoƜella lancifera
comb. nov.
(A, B, paralectotype BMNH 1923.10.1.6; C–F, lectotype BMNH 1923.10.1.5). A, preserved paralectotype. B, detail of the weakly developed atrium. C, cross-section of the skeleton. D, tangential section of the cortical surface. E, tangential section of the atrium. F, detail of large apical actines of pigmy tetractines. Abbreviations: cx, cortical surface.
1963: 555;
Pritchard
et al.
, 1984: 128
;
Kelly
et al.
, 2009: 45
;
Leucettusa imperfecta
–
Burton, 1963: 598
;
Leucettusa lancifera
–
Kelly, 2018: 19
.
T y p e s p e c i m e n:
O n e l e c t o t y p e (B M N H 1 9 2 3. 1 9. 1. 5) a n d o n e p a r a l e c t o t y p e (B M N H 1923.10.1.6).
Figure 23.
RoƜella lancifera
comb. nov.
SEM (paralectotype BMNH 1923.10.1.6). A, cortical triactines. B, pigmy triactine. C, reduced V-shaped pigmy triactine. D, pigmy tetractines.
Table 12.
Spicule measurements of
RoƜella lancifera
| Spicule |
Actine |
Length (µm) |
Width (µm) |
N
|
| Min |
Mean |
SD |
Max |
Min |
Mean |
SD |
Max |
|
BMNH 1925.10.1.5 (L)
|
| Cortical triactine |
375.0 |
662.5 |
153.1 |
925.0 |
25.0 |
49.4 |
10.3 |
75.0 |
20 |
| Pygmy triactine |
32.5 |
41.1 |
5.6 |
50.0 |
3.8 |
4.8 |
0.5 |
5.0 |
7 |
| Pygmy tetractine |
Basal |
37.5 |
42.7 |
4.1 |
50.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
- |
5.0 |
11 |
| Apical |
45.0 |
103.3 |
72.9 |
185.0 |
2.5 |
4.2 |
1.4 |
5.0 |
3 |
|
BMNH 1925.10.1.6 (PL)
|
| Cortical triactine |
550.0 |
661.3 |
83.7 |
875.0 |
25.0 |
40.6 |
14.5 |
75.0 |
20 |
| Pygmy triactine |
27.5 |
34.8 |
6.9 |
52.5 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
- |
5.0 |
20 |
| Pygmy tetractine |
Basal |
25.0 |
36.8 |
8.9 |
55.0 |
5.0 |
5.6 |
1.1 |
7.5 |
20 |
| Apical |
102.5 |
123.8 |
30.1 |
145.0 |
7.5 |
7.5 |
- |
7.5 |
2 |
L, lectotype; PL, paralectotype.
Type
locality:
Three Kings Islands
,
New Zealand
(
34°24ʹ S
,
172°06ʹ E
; inaccurate coordinates).
Three Kings–North Cape
MEOW
ecoregion
.
Description:
Sponge tubular with vase-shaped form, strongly oval at the top, tapering to the base. Colour white to beige in ethanol (
Fig. 22A
). Consistency compressible to the touch. Outer surface smooth. Folds of choanosomal tissue delimitate the atrial cavity (
Fig. 22B
). One apical osculum, elevated and surrounded by a membrane. Aquiferous system leuconoid with subspherical to oval choanocyte chambers (
Fig. 22C
).
Skeleton:
Cortical skeleton well developed, having approximately the same thickness as the choanosome; comprised of several layers of tangential triactines (
Fig. 22D
). Choanosomal and atrial skeletons reduced and comprised of pygmy triactines and tetractines mostly present around canals (
Fig. 22E, F
). Pygmy tetractines are also abundant near the osculum.