New species and a new record of the mite family Scutacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) from alpine New Zealand
Author
Khaustov, Alexander A.
Author
Minor, Maria A.
text
Zootaxa
2018
2018-11-02
4508
4
507
550
journal article
28032
10.11646/zootaxa.4508.4.2
8874d4e3-3222-4abc-801d-d8c53429c7f8
1175-5326
2607410
F0369CC8-FF4B-4D96-BAE2-48A83418739E
Scutacarus cornutus
sp. nov.
(
Figs 27–31
)
Description.
FEMALE (
Figs 27–31
). Length of idiosoma 170 (170–180), width 135 (135–145).
Gnathosoma
. Length of
gnathosoma
20 (20–21), width 18 (16–18).
Gnathosoma
usually not covered by tergite C. Dorsal median apodeme well developed. All gnathosomal setae smooth. Postpalpal setae needle-like, weakly blunt-ended, situated anterolaterally to setae
cha
. Other gnathosomal setae pointed. Setae
cha
9 (8–9),
chb
11 (10– 11). Setae
dFe
and
dGe
subequal. Pits
n
present in posterior part of subcapitulum.
Ass
well-developed, palpal solenidion not evident. Setae
m
10 (9–10). Pharyngeal pumps separated and striated. Pharyngeal pump 1 oval, situated inside gnathosomal capsule; pharyngeal pump 2 large, elongate-oval, more than two times longer than pump 1; pharyngeal pump 3 subequal to pump 2, bent dorsally.
Idiosomal dorsum
(
Figs 27A
,
30A
,
31A, B
). Free margins of tergite C striated (not illustrated on
Fig. 27A
). All dorsal shields with numerous small round dimples (
Figs 31A, B
). Prodorsum only partly covered by tergite C. Lateral propodosomal spine present. Stigmata elongate, located dorsally. Anterior corners of prodorsum with hornlike projections. Posterior parts of tergites C, D and EF with row of u-shaped elevations. Setae
c
2
with short alveolar canal. Setae
v
2
and
sc
2
smooth, other dorsal setae barbed. Setae
c
1
,
c
2
,
e
, and
h
2
pointed, other dorsal setae weakly blunt-ended. Trichobothria with long stem, clavate, sparsely barbed, with rounded apex. Cupules
ia
on tergite D and
ih
on tergite H small, round. Posterior margin of tergite H with short tongue-like projection. Tergite C with paired porous areas located posteriorly to setae
c
1
and associated with pore-like structures; tergite EF with a pair of oval porous areas located anteriorly to setae
f
. Lengths of dorsal setae:
v
2
7 (6–7),
sc
2
8 (7–8),
c
1
31 (30–31),
c
2
29 (26–29),
d
27 (26–28),
e
33 (29–33),
f
38 (38–42),
h
1
29 (29–34),
h
2
24 (23–28). Distances between setae:
v
2
– v
2
39
(37–39),
sc
2
–sc
2
34 (32–35),
c
1
–
c
1
45 (45–48),
c
1
–
c
2
32 (29–33),
d–d
100 (100–105),
e–f
27 (27–29),
f–f
66 (66–68),
h
1
–
h
1
28 (28–33),
h
1
–
h
2
31 (29–32).
FIGURE 25.
Scutacarus spinisetus
sp. nov.
, female: A—right leg III in dorsal view, B—left leg IV in ventral view.
FIGURE 26.
DIC micrographs of
Scutacarus spinisetus
sp. nov.
, female: A—posterior half of the body in dorsal view, Banterior half of the body in ventral view.
FIGURE 27.
Scutacarus cornutus
sp. nov.
, female: A—dorsum of the body, B—venter of the body. Legs omitted.
FIGURE 28.
Scutacarus cornutus
sp. nov.
, female: A—right leg I in dorsal view, B—right leg II in dorsal view.
Idiosomal venter
(
Figs 27B
,
30B
,
31C, D
). Ventral plates with dimples as on dorsal shields (
Figs 31C,D
). Setae 2
b
,
ps
1
, and
ps
2
blunt-ended, other ventral setae pointed. Setae 2
b
, 3
b
, 4
a
, and
ps
3
smooth; setae 2
a
, 3
a
,
ps
1
, and
ps
2
with few minute barbs, other ventral setae distinctly barbed. Posterior margin of aggenital plate weakly concave. Secondary transverse apodeme absent. Ap1, ap2 and apsej well developed and joined with appr; ap3 very thin, straight, ap4 short; ap5 absent. Ags bell-like; pgs triangular. Distance between setae 4
a
-4
b
two times shorter than 4
a
-4
a
. Posterior part of posterior sternal plate with u-shaped elevations. Lengths of ventral setae: 1
a
22 (18–22), 1
b
23 (20–23), 2
a
18 (17–18), 2
b
15 (15–16), 3
a
16 (16–17), 3
b
21 (21–22), 3
c
21 (21–22), 4
a
16 (15–17), 4
b
39 (39– 47), 4
c
31 (30–33),
ps
1
11 (10–11),
ps
2
10 (9–10),
ps
3
9 (8–9).
Legs
(
Figs 28
,
29
). Leg I (
Fig. 28A
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 3, Ge 4, TiTa 16(4). Tibiotarsus without pretarsus and claw. Tibiotarsus cylindrical, with pinnaculum bearing seta
tc”
. Lengths of solenidia
ω
1
10 (10),
ω
2
9 (8–9),
φ
1
7 (6–7),
φ
2
8 (7–8);
φ
1
clavate,
ω
1
finger-shaped,
ω
2
and
φ
2
uniformly thin. Setae
d
,
l’
, v” of femur, (
l
) of genu bluntended; other leg setae (except eupathidia) pointed. Setae
l’
,
v”
of femur smooth; other leg setae (except eupathidia) barbed. Leg II (
Fig. 28B
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 3, Ge 3, Ti 4(1), Ta 6(1). Tarsus with symmetrical hooked claws and flipper-like empodium. Solenidion
ω
9 (9) finger-shaped, solenidion
φ
5 (5) weakly clavate. Seta
pl”
spinelike, with several barbs; setae
d
,
l’
and
v”
of femur blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed. Setae
v”
of femur and
u’
of tarsus smooth, other leg setae barbed. Leg III (
Fig.29A
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 2, Ge 2, Ti 4(1), Ta 6. Claws and empodium as on tarsus II. Solenidion
φ
4 (4) weakly clavate. Seta
pl”
spine-like, smooth; seta
d
of femur bluntended, other leg setae pointed. Setae
u’
and
tc”
of tarsus smooth, other leg setae barbed. Leg IV (
Fig. 29B
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 2, Ge 1, TiTa 7. Tibiotarsus short, about as long as wide. All leg setae barbed. Seta
d
of femur weakly blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed. Trochanter dorsally with short spine-like projection.
FIGURE 29.
Scutacarus cornutus
sp. nov.
, female: A—right leg III in dorsal view, B—right leg IV in ventral view.
FIGURE 30.
DIC micrographs of
Scutacarus cornutus
sp. nov.
, female: A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
MALE and LARVA unknown.
Type material
. Female
holotype
:
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 18' 58.45"S
,
169° 11' 45.21"E
,
1646 m
a.s.l.
, in soil and debris under
Dracophyllum muscoides
cushion plant,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
).
Paratypes
:
6 females
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 18' 58.45"S
,
169° 11' 45.21"E
,
1646 m
a.s.l.
, in soil and debris under
Dracophyllum muscoides
cushion plant,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
;
1 female
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 20' 3.78"S
,
169° 12' 25.26"E
,
1649 m
a.s.l.
, in bare soil between cushion plants,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
;
1 female
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
The Remarkables
,
45° 3' 38.19"S
,
168° 48' 49.51"E
,
1839 m
a.s.l.
, in soil and debris under
Dracophyllum muscoides
cushion plant,
19 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
.
Type deposition
. The
holotype
and
2 paratypes
are deposited in the
New Zealand
National Arthropod Collection,
Auckland
,
New Zealand
;
6 paratypes
are deposited in the mite collection of the
Tyumen
State University Museum of Zoology
,
Tyumen
,
Russia
.
Differential diagnosis
. The new species is most similar to
Scutacarus quadrangularis
(
Paoli, 1911
)
and
S. uniformis
Delfinado, Baker and Abbatiello, 1976
by the absence of the claw on tibiotarsus I, blunt-ended setae
ps
1, 2
and pointed
c
2
. It can be distinguished from both species by setae
f
distinctly longer than
d
(vs. subequal in
S. quadrangularis
and
S. uniformis
) and by setae 4
a
not reaching posterior margin of posterior sternal plate (vs. 4
a
reaching beyond posterior margin of posterior sternal plate in
S. quadrangularis
and
S. uniformis
). From
S. uniformis
it also differs by the presence of well-developed horn-like projections near the stigmata (vs. absent n
S. uniformis
).
Etymology
. The name of the new species is derived from the Latin
cornu
meaning
horn
and refers to the hornlike projections on the prodorsum near the stigmata.