The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution Author Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La 36CFEA67-71C5-4F3C-97F8-B57E43C811CC Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Estudios Botánicos y Agroforestales, Laboratorio de Ecología Espacial, Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela. lozanoceci@gmail.com Author Cupello, Mario BDB03C18-7095-4EAA-8BDD-03CB4F79676D Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Currently at Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. mcupello@hotmail.com Author Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. 2BC093C2-3E2B-466B-B31C-9F3D9FA844BC Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. vazdemello@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-10-11 959 1 1 272 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2677/12401 journal article 305167 10.5852/ejt.2024.959.2677 bf132c8e-dbc7-4f3d-96e9-1a0b153e765a 2118-9773 13945464 30872C13-516F-42FA-AFA7-30ADC6BF1BAF Canthidium trinodosum ( Boheman, 1858 ) Onthophagus trinodosus Boheman, 1858: 46 . Type locality: Brazil : Rio de Janeiro . Name-bearing type: a single known syntype (NHRS), examined by FZVM. Note: Boheman’s name is a junior primary homonym of Onthophagus trinodosus Fåhraeus, 1857 . Both names are currently in use, the former for a South American species treated in the genus Canthidium since Harold (1867b) , the latter for an African species of Onthophagus . Since the two primary homonyms are in use and have not been applied to taxa considered congeneric after 1899, the junior homonym must not be automatically replaced as it would be in other situations. The case must instead be referred to the Commission under Article 23.9.5 for a ruling. In the meantime, current usage is maintained. Onthophagus subarmatus Harold, 1862: 403 (new replacement name for Onthophagus trinodosus Boheman, 1858 due to its junior primary homonymy with O. trinodosus Fåhraeus, 1857 ). Type locality and name-bearing type : the same as for Onthophagus trinodosus Boheman in accordance with Article 72.7. Note: when Harold (1862) established this nomen novum, the species was still treated in Onthophagus . However, five years later, after seeing “the type specimen”, Harold (1867b) transferred it to Canthidium and resurrected the replaced name, invalidating his own nomen novum. He did so because, in his view, the homonymy had been undone once the species was transferred to another genus and, therefore, nothing prevented Boheman’s name from being used. This is not the interpretation of the current Code: primary homonymies are not undone even if the homonyms are no longer applied to congeneric taxa; the junior homonym is, with a few exceptions, permanently invalid according to Article 57.2 and a substitute name should be adopted following Article 60. But since, in this case, as explained above, the junior primary homonym is in prevailing usage in a different genus as that of its senior homonym, Harold’s decision should be respected until the Commission rules on the case. Distribution Brazil (Cupello 2018). Literature record Roze 1955: 44 (cited for Aragua ).