Description of a new genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Danish amber, based on a male specimen featuring an antenna with a distinct anellus
Author
Simutnik, Serguei A.
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 01030 Ukraine
Author
Perkovsky, Evgeny E.
I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 01030 Ukraine & Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-11-10
5369
3
437
445
https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.3.7/52252
journal article
277852
10.11646/zootaxa.5369.3.7
3d1d47f7-8cee-4c7a-9d28-77c38f8e307d
1175-5326
10150249
76DA4E64-C161-44F3-8E75-8F63FC23259F
Electroanellus
Simutnik
,
gen. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
4EF1874A-90E0-488F-8714-079053D39556
Figs 1–4
Type
species.
Electroanellus belokobylskiji
Simutnik
,
sp. nov
.
, by present designation.
Species composition.
Monotypic.
Etymology.
The name is a combination of “electrum” (Latin:
electrum
= amber) and “anellus”. The presence of an anellus between the pedicel and the first segment of the funicle is the main difference between the new genus and most extant encyrtid taxa, as well as all described fossil species. The genus name is a masculine noun.
Diagnosis. Male.
Body not flattened, compact; antennae clavate, short, with distinct anellus between pedicel and F1 (
Figs 1A
,
2B–D
), F1 broader than long, all funicle segments not longer than broad; flagellum not flattened; clava with distinct, differentiated sensory region (apical micropilose area); setae of pubescence of antenna shorter than diameter of apical funicular segments (
Fig. 2C
), whorls of long setae absent; pedicel long and conical; scape very long, only slightly shorter than funicle; antennal scrobes sharply margined; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded (in contrast to extant
Mucrencyrtus
Noyes, 1980
) not narrowed to acute point; notaular lines absent but there are large flowing depressions on mesoscutum anteriorly (
Fig. 3A
: dm); scutellum convex; marginal vein about as long as broad, 2× as broad as postmarginal vein, with small darkened area underneath; postmarginal vein very long, slightly longer than stigmal vein; mandible apparently either 3-dentate or with 2 teeth and truncation of upper tooth (
Figs 2A, B
); filum spinosum absent; covering setae of linea calva poorly developed; cerci advanced.
Female
. Unknown.
Remarks.
Tentative placement of
Electroanellus
in
Tetracneminae
is supported by the absence of filum spinosum of the linea calva.
The clavate antennae are present in the males of several extant genera of
Encyrtinae
:
Bothriothorax
Ratzeburg, 1844
,
Copidosoma
Ratzeburg, 1844
,
Aschitus
Mercet, 1921
,
Homalotyloidea
Mercet, 1921
,
Aphycus
Mayr, 1876
,
Metaphycus
Mercet, 1917
,
Pseudococcobius
Timberlake, 1916
,
Microterys
Thomson, 1875
, and some others. But the males of extant
Tetracneminae
, as well as of the majority of extant
Encyrtinae
, usually have long, filiform antennae, with a long pubescence, short scape, and hemispherical, not conical, pedicel (
Trjapitzin 1989
). Anelli between the pedicel and F1 very rarely occur in extant
Encyrtidae
and when present can usually be seen only at high magnification (e.g., in
Oriencyrtus
Sugonjaev & Trjapitzin, 1974
). Anelli are not taken into account when counting funicle segments within this family (
Trjapitzin 1989
). The new genus has one distinct anellus, and it further differs from all known Eocene
Encyrtidae
by its relatively short and wide marginal vein that is as long as broad.
Electroanellus
is considered unplaced within
Tetracneminae
.