Leafhopper subfamily Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) in the Indian subcontinent with description of new species Author Viraktamath, C. A. 0000-0002-7402-3841 Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India chandrashekara. viraktamath @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7402 - 3841 chandrashekara.viraktamath@gmail.com Author Yeshwanth, H. M. National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India text Zootaxa 2023 2023-07-27 5319 4 451 500 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5319.4.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5319.4.1 1175-5326 8203125 B3C166E5-3B69-4DA5-BBA2-EB57EBBED390 Traiguma nasuta Distant Figs 4A–D , 7G–J , 10D–E , 12J , 25A–I , 26A–I Diagnosis . Crown narrowed in front of eyes and then expanded triangularly, without median ridge dorsally. Male abdominal tergites III–V with median broad yellow patches ( Fig. 12J ). Male pygofer lobes about 1.6× as long as their greatest width in lateral view. Male style with apex of apophysis sclerotized and hooked. Aedeagus with basal angular projection on ventral surface of shaft ( Figs 25I , 26I ). Material examined . INDIA : Tamil Nadu : LECTOTYE ♀ , “Nilgiri, Hampson”, “ Traiguma nasuta Dist. Type ” “Distant Coll. 1911-383” ( BMNH ) . INDIA : Tamil Nadu : 1♁, Naduvattam , 1829m , 6.vi.1977 , C.A. Viraktamath ( UASB ) . Remarks . One male specimen from Thai Sola (Nilgiri Hills) slightly differs from the male specimen illustrated by Viraktamath & Webb (1991) in having the anterior projection of head more depressed and rounded (in the typical specimen it is triangular and flat), male pygofer lobes more expanded near the base and with slightly sinuate posterior margins (in T. nasuta not convexly rounded at base and the posterior margin almost straight), the connective comparatively much wider distally and the aedeagus much more widely rounded with the ventral process more basal compared to the male specimen illustrated by Viraktamath & Webb (991). However, these differences are treated here as intraspecific variations. FIGURES 8A–H. Species of Hylicinae , habitus, dorsal and lateral view. A–D, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb , paratype male (AB) and female (CD); E–H, Traiguma verticalis Distant , male (EF) and female (GH). FIGURES 9A–F. Species of Hylicinae , faces. A, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov. ; B, Hemisudra indica sp. nov. ; C–D, Hylica paradoxa Stål , male from Thailand (C) and female from Nepal (D); E–F, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang , male (E) and female (F). FIGURES 10A–G. Species of Hylicinae , faces. A, Kalasha confusa sp. nov . ; B, Kalasha manikya sp. nov . ; C, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov . ; D–E, Traiguma nasuta Distant , male from Naduvattam (D) and Thai shola (E); F–G, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb , male (F) and female (G). FIGURES 11A–E. Species of Hylicinae , faces (AB) and nymphs (C–E). A–C, Traiguma verticalis Distant , male (A), female (B) and nymph (C); D, Nacolus tuberculatus ; E, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb. FIGURES 12A–L. Species of Hylicinae , male and female abdomen dorsal view. A, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov . ; B, Hemisudra indica sp. nov . ; C–D, Hylica paradoxa Stål , male (C) and female (D); E, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang , male; F, Kalasha confusa sp. nov . ; G, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker) ; H, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov. ; I, Sudra notanda Distant , male; J, Traiguma nasuta Distant , male; K, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb , male; L, Traiguma verticalis Distant , male. FIGURES 13A–L. Forewings (A, D, G, J), hind wings (B, E, H, K) and magnified view of costal margin (C, F, I, L) of Hylicinae . A–C, Balala mekongia Tang & Zhang from Thailand; D–F, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov. ; G–I, Hemisudra indica sp. nov. ; J–L, Hylica paradoxa Stål. FIGURES 14A–O. Forewings (A, D, G, J, M), hind wings (B, E, H, K, N) and magnified view of costal margin (C, F, I, L, O) of Hylicinae . A–C, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang ; D–F, Kalasha manikya sp. nov. ; G–I, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker) ; J–L, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov . ; M–O, Traiguma verticalis Distant. FIGURES 15A–K. Metabasitarsomere plantar surface (A–H) and female sternite VII (I–K) of Hylicinae . A, Balala mekongia Tang & Zhang ; B, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov . ; C, Hemisudra indica sp. nov. ; D, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang ; E, Kalasha manikya sp. nov . ; F, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker) ; G, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov. ; H, Traiguma verticalis Distant : I, Hylica paradoxa Stål ; J, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang ; K, Traiguma verticalis Distant. FIGURES 16A–L. Valvulae I and II, lateral views of species of Hylica and Traiguma . A–D, Hylica paradoxa Stål , valvula I (AB) and valvula II (CD); E–H, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang , valvula I (EF) and valvula II (GH); I–L, Traiguma verticalis Distant , valvula I (IJ) and valvula II(KL). FIGURES 17A–H. Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov . , male abdomen and genitalia. A, pregenital abdominal segments, dorsal view; B, genital capsule, lateral view; C, pygofer, ventrolateral view; D, subgenital plates, ventral view; E, style and connective, dorsal view; F–G, aedeagus, anterior and posterior views; H, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 18A–H. Hemisudra indica sp. nov . , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, pygofer ventral process, lateral view; D, subgenital plate, ventral view; E, style, lateral view; F, style, connective and aedeagus, ventral view; G, aedeagus, anterior view; H, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 19A–F. Hylica paradoxa Stål , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, subgenital plates, ventral view; D, styles and connective, ventral view; E, style, connective and aedeagus, dorsal view; F, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 20A–G. Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, pygofer, lateral view; D, subgenital plates, ventral view; E, style, connective and aedeagus, dorsal view; F, style and connective, lateral view; G, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 21A–G. Kalasha canfusa sp. nov. , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, pygofer ventral process, lateral view; D, subgenital plate, ventral view; E, style and connective dorsal view; F, aedeagus, dorsal view; G, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 22A–G. Kalasha manikya sp. nov. , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, anal segments, lateral view; C, pygofer ventral process, lateral view; D, subgenital plate, ventral view; E, style and connective dorsal view; F, aedeagus, dorsal view; G, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 23A–G. Sudra manipurensis sp. nov. , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, subgenital plates, ventral view; D, pygofer ventral process, lateral view; E, style and connective, dorsal view; F, aedeagus and part of connective, lateral view; G, connective and aedeagus, dorsal view. FIGURES 24A–H. Sudra notanda Distant , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, genital capsule, ventral view; C, pygofer ventral process, lateral view; D, subgenital plates, ventral view; E, style and connective, dorsal view; F, styles, connective and aedeagus, dorsal view; G, aedeagus, dorsal view; H, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 25A–I. Traiguma nasuta Distant , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, subgenital plates, ventral view; C–D, styles and connective, dorsal and ventral view; E, style, lateral view; F, aedeagus, connective and part of styles, dorsal view; G, aedeagal shaft apex, posterior view; H, aedeagus, dorsal view; I, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 26A–I. Traiguma nasuta Distant , male genitalia variation, male from Thai shola. A, genital capsule lateral view; B, subgenital plates, ventral view; C–D, styles and connective dorsal view and ventral view; E–F, style, lateral and dorsal view; G, aedeagal shaft, posterior view; H aedeagus, dorsal view; I, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 27A–F. Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, subgenital plates, ventral view; C, styles and connective, dorsal view; D, style and connective, lateral view; E, aedeagus, dorsal view; F, aedeagus, lateral view. FIGURES 28A–G. Traiguma verticalis Distant , male genitalia. A, genital capsule, lateral view; B, pygofer and anal segments, lateral view; C, subgenital plates, ventral view; D, styles and connective, dorsal view; E, style, lateral view; F, aedeagus, connective and styles, dorsal view; G, aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicates basal process on aedeagal shaft. FIGURES 29A–B. Hylicinae in their natural habitat. A. Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang , male basking in sun, resting on a leaf at GKVK, Bangalore; B, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker) , nymph, on a stone, ready to jump. Viraktamath & Webb adequately described and illustrated this species. T. nasuta has the male style similar to that of T. verticalis . These two species have the base of aedeagal shaft with one or more processes; in the former the process is unpaired and at the base on the ventral surface medially and in the latter the processes are paired and on the dorsal surface. However, the species drastically differ in the shape of the crown. The third species, T nielsoni has the male crown with the anterior process upturned at a right angle and the aedeagus lacks the basal process or processes (see below).