Cricetidae
Author
Don E. Wilson
Author
Russell A. Mittermeier
Author
Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
text
2017
2017-11-30
Lynx Edicions
Barcelona
Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II
204
535
book chapter
80832
10.5281/zenodo.6707142
ab66b2b7-9544-4411-bf61-5bc3651d7bca
978-84-16728-04-6
6707142
247.
California Deermouse
Peromyscus californicus
French:
Péromyscus de Californie
/
German:
Kalifornien-Hirschmaus
/
Spanish:
Raton ciervo de California
Other common names:
California Mouse
Taxonomy.
Mus californicus Gambel, 1848
,
Monterey, Monterey County,
California
,
USA
.
Peromyscus californicus
is in the
californicus
species group. Five subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution.
P. ¢c.
californicus Gambel, 1848
— restricted to the type locality and surrounding areas in CW
California
, USA.
P c. benitoensis Grinnell & Orr, 1934 — narrow band along the coastal region of CW
California
, USA.
P.c.insignisRhoads,1895—SWCalifornia,USA,andNWBajaCalifornia,Mexico.
P.c.mariposaeGrinnell&Orr,1934—restrictedtoCCalifornia,USA.
P. c. parasiticus Baird, 1858
— restricted to the type locality and surrounding areas in CW
California
, USA.
Descriptive notes.
Head—body 103-129 mm, tail 117-156 mm, ear 20-26 mm, hindfoot 24-31 mm; weight 33-55 g. The
California Deermouse
is the largest species of
Peromyscus
in the USA. Dorsal pelage is long, lax, and russet, mixed with dark brown and some ocherous along sides. Venteris pale to whitish; buffy pectoral spot is present in some individuals. Feet are white. Tail is slightly bicolored, possesses scaly annulations, and is about as long as head-body length. Skull is large, and braincase is inflated. No accessory cusps occur on M'. Baculum is vase-shaped; it is wide at base and narrows near middle.
Habitat.
Mediterranean-type habitats of chaparral, coastal scrubland, and dry pine-oak forests from sea level to elevations of ¢.1800 m.
Food and Feeding.
Diet of the
California Deermouse
consists of fruits, flowers, and seeds of a wide variety of plants, such as
Rhus integrifolia (Anacardiaceae)
,
Lotus
scoparius (
Fabaceae
), and
Salvia
apiana (
Lamiaceae
). Other food items include fungi, acorns, and arthropods. Water is obtained from vegetation and dew.
Breeding.
Timing of reproduction may be seasonal (year-round in some cases), with majority of mating taking place in March—September. Most young are born in April-October. Gestation last 21-25 days. Females often have 3—4 litters/year, under natural conditions, and six or more have been recorded in captivity. Litters have 2—4 young. Females are polyestrous and, unlike other species of
Peromyscus
, do not exhibit postpartum estrus symptoms.
Activity patterns.
The
California Deermouse
is mainly nocturnal with peak activityjust before dawn. It is semi-arboreal.
Movements, Home range and Social organization.
California Deermice
live in malefemale pairs even during pregnancy and lactation. Home ranges have been estimated at 0-15 ha.
Status and Conservation.
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
Bibliography.
Brylski & Harris (1990), Drickamer & Vestal (1973), Hall (1981), Luévano & Mellink (2014d), Mc-Cabe & Blanchard (1950), Merritt (1978), Svihla (1932).