The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species Author Lobato-Vila, Irene Author Pujade-Villar, Juli 0000-0001-7798-2717 jpujade@ub.edu text Zootaxa 2021 2021-01-12 4906 1 1 121 journal article 8839 10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1 308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398 1175-5326 4434000 09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C Synergus mexicanus Gillette, 1896 Synergus mexicana Gillette, 1896 . Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 23: 96. Type material: USNM. Synergus dugesi Ashmead, 1899 . Ent. News 10: 195. Type material: USNM. Synonymized by Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila (2016a: 76) . Synergus multiplicatus Fullaway, 1911 . Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 4: 370. Type material: CAS ( lectotype ), paralectotypes in CAS and USNM. Synonymized by Lobato-Vila et al . (2019: 231). Saphonecrus brevis Weld, 1926 . Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 68: 109. Type material: USNM ( holotype ), paratypes in USNM, AMNH, CAS, MCZ, Field Museum and Philadelphia Academy, according to the original description. Synophrus mexicanus : Weld (1952) . Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 102 (3304): 316. Synergus mexicanus : Pujade-Villar & Melika (2005) . Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 37: 217 [status verified]. Synergus brevis : Schwéger et al . (2015b) . Zootaxa 4054 (1): 62. Synonymized by Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila (2016b: 64) . Diagnosis . See Lobato-Vila et al . (2019: 233). Distribution . USA : Arizona , California , and New Mexico ; and Mexico : Ciudad de México , Guanajuato , Hidalgo , México , and Zacatecas ( Gillette 1896 ; Ashmead 1899 ; Fullaway 1911 ; McCracken & Egbert 1922 ; Weld 1926 ; Pujade-Villar et al . 2015b ; Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila 2016a , 2016b; Lobato-Vila et al . 2019). Biology . Reared from tuberous galls and fusiform swellings induced by different Andricus species on twigs of oaks from both Quercus and Lobatae sections ( Ashmead 1899 ; Fullaway 1911 ; McCracken & Egbert 1922 ; Weld 1926 ; Pujade-Villar et al . 2015b ; Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila 2016a , 2016b; Lobato-Vila et al . 2019). Remarks . The type material of Synergus mexicanus was examined and the species was redescribed and illustrated by Pujade-Villar & Melika (2005: 217) . The redescription was later improved by Pujade-Villar et al . (2015b: 147) . Synergus mexicanus was also treated by Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila (2016a , 2016b) and Lobato-Vila et al . (2019: 231).