Schizostachyum longinternodium (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new species from Yunnan, China Author Zheng, Chaohan Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, P. R. China. & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10049, Beijing, P. R. China. Author Lin, Rushun Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, P. R. China. Author Ni, Jingbo Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, P. R. China. Author Xia, Nianhe Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, P. R. China. text Phytotaxa 2014 2014-11-05 184 3 155 159 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.184.3.5 journal article 5212 10.11646/phytotaxa.184.3.5 4ed57ee8-eef5-49dd-915b-fb0defba0ef9 1179-3163 5146662 Schizostachyum longinternodium N. H. Xia, R. S. Lin & C. H. Zheng sp. nov. ( Figs 1 & 2 ) Type :— CHINA . Guangdong : South China Botanical Garden (cultivated, introduced from 21°56´N ; 101°14´E , Menglun, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan ) , 5 May 2010 , Zheng Chaohan 024 ( holotype IBSC !, isotype KUN !) . Diagnosis: — Schizostachyum longinternodium sp. nov. is similar to S. funghomii McClure , but differs by its slightly drooping apex, shorter culm sheaths (less than 1/3 of the internodes) with protuberances on culm sheaths shoulders, persistent oral setae on the leaf sheaths, a solitary floret in every spikelet, and connate filaments. ( Table 1 ) Rhizomes pachymorph. Culm erect, 8–12 m tall, 3–6 cm diam., apically slightly drooping. Internodes 56–86 cm long, terete, scabrous, siliceous, white powdery below nodes, white strigose; walls ca. 2 mm thick. Nodal ridge not prominent, sheath scars prominent. Branching from the 6th–9th node upwards; branches many, subequal, 45–90 cm long. Culm sheaths tardily deciduous, thickly papery, brittle, lower ones less than 1/3 the length of internodes, ribbedstriate when dry, siliceous, white strigose, with protuberances on its shoulders, the margin with cilia 1 mm long, the apex truncate; auricles inconspicuous, the oral setae numerous, 3–8 mm long, hispidulous at base; ligule truncate or not, 1 mm tall, the margin lobed; blade reflexed, linear-lanceolate, less than 1/3 the length of the sheath at lower nodes, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely hispid, the apex acuminate. Leaves 5–9 per ultimate branch; sheath up to 12 cm long, initially hispid, usually siliceous, margin ciliate; auricles inconspicuous, oral setae numerous, 3–5 mm ; ligule ca. 1 mm , margin lobed; petiole 4–6 mm long; blades oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 26–42 cm long, 4–6.5 cm wide, margin on both sides denticulate, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely pubescent, base rounded, apex acuminate. Inflorescence branches ca. 30 cm long, clustered at nodes of culms and branches, occasionally terminal to leafy branches. Pseudospikelets fusiform, green infused with purple, the prophylls lanceolate, asymmetrical, ca. 5 mm long, papery, apex acuminate, keels 2, ciliate, converging at the tip; bracts 1 to several, oblong, 1–1.3 cm long, papery, many-veined, the apex obtuse to acute and mucronate, the mucro less than 1 mm long; floret solitary, 3 cm long; rachilla disarticulating, internode ca. 3 mm long; terminal rachilla prolongation 1.5–1.8 cm long, slender, embedded in the groove between the 2 keels of the palea; the glumes absent; the lemma oblong-lanceolate, papery, 1.5 cm long, densely white hispidulous, many-veined, apex acute and mucronate, the mucro ca. 1 mm long; palea 2.5–3 cm long, papery, nearly glabrous, apically bifid; lodicules absent; filaments ca. 1.8 cm long, connate and tubular; anthers 6, purple, ca. 1.1 cm long; ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous, not distinctly separated from the style; style pale-yellow; stigmas 3, purple, plumose. Caryopsis fusiform, ca. 2 cm long. Distribution, habitat and phenology: — Schizostachyum longinternodium is distributed in south and southeast Yunnan , China . It grows in forest, in gullies or along rivers, 550–600 m elevation.A plant was introduced to Guangzhou and flowered from March to October, 2010, and the whole clump died. In the following year, the seeds germinated and the seedlings developed the same characters as the parent. Local use: —It is suitable for weaving utensils because of its long internodes. Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the long internodes.