Mountains of millipedes. The family Odontopygidae in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) Author Enghoff, Henrik FB09A817-000D-43C3-BCC4-2BC1E5373635 Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. henghoff@snm.ku.dk text European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-03-14 803 1 136 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.803.1691 journal article 20167 10.5852/ejt.2022.803.1691 af09c8e1-b481-4de0-b9d0-83ba26bf9876 2118-9773 6359066 8B66C8AE-F00A-42F6-9641-26B0ECC49F78 Xystopyge bentemarieae sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0968ADE8-6469-44B3-AE8D-D427EED0A597 Figs 4B , 62–64 Diagnosis Differs from other species of Xystopyge by the combination of a hammerlike profile of the distal part of the gonopod coxa in certain views ( Fig. 63C ) (shared only with X. martella VandenSpiegel & Pierrard, 2004 , and X. doggartae sp. nov. ), an only moderately long, tongue-shaped gonopod sternum (very long, slender-triangular in X. martella and X. doggartae sp. nov. ), a very stout, moderately curved hook ( th ) at midlength of the gonopod telomere (very strongly curved in X. doggartae sp. nov. ), lack of a basal solenomeral spine ( BSS ) (a small tubercle in X. martella , a long basal spine in in X. doggartae sp. nov. ) and a distal division of the solenomere into two branches (undivided in X. martella ). Etymology After my granddaughter Bente Marie Enghoff Mogensen. Material examined (total 7 ♂♂ ) Holotype TANZANIA ; Morogoro Region , Kanga Mts , Kanga FR ; 400–500 m a.s.l. ; 22–25 Nov. 1984 ; lowland rain forest ; N. Scharff leg.; NHMD 621766 . Paratypes TANZANIA6 ♂♂ ; same collection data as for holotype; NHMD 621767 . Description SIZE. Length 57–73 mm . Diameter 3.5–4.0 mm. 61–62 podous rings; no podous rings in fornt of telson. COLOUR. After 36 years in alcohol faded to light (greyish) brown; however, a broad mid-dorsal pale stripe still evident. SUPRALABRAL SETAE. 5–6. MANDIBULAR STIPES. Distal margin slightly concave, posterior-distal corner almost right-angled. ANAL VALVES ( Fig. 4B ). Each with a distinct dorsal spine and 2 setae on raised margin; no ventral spine. LIMBUS ( Fig. 62C ). Margin with short, smooth rounded lobes. LEGS. With postfemoral and tibial pads from leg-pair 5, except for last few leg-pairs; size of pads decreasing towards posterior. FIRST PAIR OF LEGS ( Fig. 62D–F ). Prefemoral lobes short, triangular in ventral view. Six to eight long coxosternal setae ( CXS ) adjacent to lateral side of prefemoral process; prefemur with a few peglike mesapical sensilla ( APS ) and ca 12 peglike lateral sensilla ( LPS ). GONOPOD STERNUM (STERNUM 8) ( Fig. 62A ). Tongue-shaped, ca twice as long as broad. STERNUM 9. Pentagonal with parallel lateral margins (‘house-shaped’). GONOPOD COXA ( Fig. 63 ). Proplica ( PP ) simple, proplical lobe ( PPL ) relatively slender, clearly visible in anterior view. Metaplica ( MP ) at level of proplical lobe produced mesad into triangular ridged process ( mpo ), at lateral end of mpo a large vertical lobe ( mpv ), distally produced into complex structure with four subhorizontal processes: 1. A large, subrectangular meso-posteriad process ( mpp ), 2. A long, triangular mesad process ( mtp ), 3. A very slender process ( sx ) process originating next to mtp 4. A subrectangular anteriad process ( rx ) ( sx and rx corresponding to the similarly labelled processes in X. doggartae sp. nov. ). GONOPOD TELOPODITE ( Fig. 64 ). Arculus 135°. Torsotope not very well delimited. Solenomere ( SLM ) at rest concealed within gutter formed by telomere; ca as long as telomere, simple, without a basal spine, towards end divided into a long, striate branch ( sdl ) with the opening of the efferent canal, and a longer, slender, smooth, curved spinelike branch ( sdp ), the latter with a short basal accessory spinelike branch. Telomere ( TM ) overall consisting of a ribbon describing a full circle and at the same time folded lengthwise forming a concavity along the inner side of the circle, with a very stout, smooth hook ( th ) ca at mid-length; at the end with a transverse spinelike process ( ttp ). Distribution and habitat Only known from lowland rain forest at 400–500 m a.s.l. at the type locality, Kanga FR in the Kanga Mts (part of Nguru Mts). Remarks Although X. bentemariae sp. nov. is here diagnosed vis-à-vis X. martella and X. doggartae sp. nov. , it also shows some striking similarities with X. robusta Attems, 1910 . This species has been illustrated by Attems (1910) and VandenSpiegel & Pierrard (2004) , but the opportunity is here taken to show some SEM images ( Fig. 65 ) of the gonopods of a male of X. robusta collected close to the Uluguru Mts, viz: TANZANIA ; Morogoro Region , Morogoro , foot of Uluguru Mts , above the university campus ; 17 Mar. 1989 ; hand collecting from ground and from plants ; Mahunka and Zicsi leg.; HNHM diplo-03051 (Compared side by side with a syntype of X. robusta (NHMW 9114, Insel Pemba, Chake Chake, Voeltkow leg. and don.) – the gonopods are completely identical.) Specific similarities between X. robusta and X. bentemarieae sp. nov. include: - the very complicated distal part of the metaplica, especially the slender process sx - the simple telomere (TM) - the hooklike moderately curved telomeral process ( th ) Differences include: - details of the apical metaplical processes other than sx - the solenomere ( slm ) which in X. robusta ends in a striate lamella with a terminal hook, vs divided into a striate branch ( sdl ) and a spinelike process ( sdp ) in X. bentemarieae sp. nov.