Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade Author Chen, Kai State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Author Zhuang, Wen-Ying State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China text Phytotaxa 2017 2017-07-04 312 1 28 46 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2 1179-3163 13701723 Trichoderma tardum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang , sp. nov. Fig 7 Fungal Names: FN570278. Etymology : The specific epithet refers to slow growth of the fungus. Diagnosis . Colony growing very slow on CMD, PDA and SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores acremonium-like to verticillium-like, phialides lageniform, conidia green, globose to subglobose. On CMD after 72 h colony radius 8 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 40 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, margin slightly lobed, aerial hyphae inconspicuous. No conidiation noted within 30 d. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. FIGURE 6. Trichoderma shaoguanicum (HMAS 248809). A–C. Cultures at 25 °C (A. CMD, 7 d; B. PDA, 10 d; C. SNA, 7 d); D–E. Conidiation pustules (PDA, 4 d); F–L. Conidiophores and phialides (CMD, 4 d); M–O. Conidia (CMD, 4 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D = 400 μm; E = 200 μm; F–G = 20 μm; H–J = 10 μm; K–O = 5 μm. On PDA after 72 h colony radius 12–13 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 24 d at 25 °C. Colony white, margin not well defined, aerial hyphae numerous. No conidiation noted within 30 d. Chlamydospores rare. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. On SNA after 72 h colony radius 3 mm and mycelium not covering the plate within 40 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, inconspicuous, margin not well defined, aerial hyphae nearly lacking. Conidiation noted after 15 d, formed on short erect conidiophores and aerial hyphae. Conidiophores simple, acremonium-like to verticillium-like, unbranched with solitary phialides or with few simple branches inclined upwards. Phialides formed solitary, less commonly in whorls of 2–3, lageniform, (6.2–)9.0–13.1 × (1.4–)2.1–4.1(–5.0) μm, l/ w 2.5 –6.0(–9.0), 1.4–2.8 μm wide at the base (n = 30). Conidia green, globose to subglobose, 3.1–4.3 × 3.1–4.3 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.2 (n=40). Chlamydospores numerous. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. FIGURE 7. Trichoderma tardum (HMAS 248798). A–C. Cultures after 25 d at 25 °C (A. CMD; B. PDA; C. SNA); D–K. Conidiophores and phialides (SNA, 25 d); L–M. Chlamydospores (SNA, 25 d); N–O. Conidia (SNA, 25 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D–J, M = 10 μm; K, L, N, O = 5 μm. FIGURE 8. Trichoderma vulgatum (HMAS 248796). A–C. Cultures after 7 d at 25 °C (A. CMD; B. PDA; C. SNA); D–K. Conidiophores and phialides (PDA, 3 d); L–N. Conidia (PDA, 3 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D–E = 20 μm; F–I = 10 μm; J–N = 5 μm. Strains examined : CHINA . Hubei : Shennongjia, elev. 2816 m , isolated from soil, 19 November 2014 , K. Chen TC199 ( holotype HMAS 248798, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18320). ibid ., K. Chen TC242 (HMAS 248799). Notes : Trichoderma tardum is most similar to T. oligosporum in slow growth rates on all three media, and scant conidia on CMD and PDA at 25 °C. The conidia of T. tardum are green while that of T. oligosporum are hyaline ( Zhu & Zhuang 2015 ). As to phylogenetic positions, T. oligosporum belongs to the Psychrophilum clade other than Viride clade. Although T. caerulescens is sister of T. tardum , it differs in much faster growth rates ( 30–41mm on CMD, 27– 36mm on PDA, 24–30mm on SNA at 25 °C after 72 h), forming numerous conidia on CMD and PDA, and giving rise to blue pigments on CMD ( Jaklitsch et al. 2012 ). The distinctions between T. tardum and T. bifurcatum were already discussed above.