Notes on South-East Asian Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae, Ericales): commonly misidentified species in mainland South-East Asia Author Meeprom, Nattanon Herbarium, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Reading, RG 6 6 AS, UK. & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK. & Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 20 A, Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 3 5 LR, UK. nmeeprom@rbge.org.uk, nattanon.botany@gmail.com Author Duangjai, Sutee Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. fforsud@nontri.ku.ac.th Author Utteridge, Timothy M. A. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK. & Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore. Timothy_utteridge@nparks.gov.sg Author Culham, Alastair Herbarium, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Reading, RG 6 6 AS, UK. a.culham@reading.ac.uk Author Puglisi, Carmen Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK. & Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. cpuglisi@mobot.org text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-05-10 932 225 251 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2533/11419 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2024.932.2533 2118-9773 11178563 Diospyros strigosa Hemsl. Figs 1E–F , 2 Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew 1910 (6): 193 ( Hemsley 1910 ) . – Type : CHINA • Hainan ; Nov. 1889 ; Henry 8741 ; lectotype : K [ K000792329 ]!, here designated ; possible isolectotype : P [ P00721454 ] !. – Notes : Hemsley (1910: 193) cited the gathering of Henry 8741 from Hainan in the protologue of D. strigosa . Two sheets have been located at K and P. As Hemsley was based in Kew ( Stafleu & Cowan 1979 ) and the only sheet in K has Hemsley’s protologue attached, this sheet is designated here as the lectotype . The sheet of Henry 8741 at P is a possible isolectotype because the leaf shape does not perfectly match the sheet at K. While the specimen still appears to belong to D. strigosa , it might have been collected from a different tree. Lee et al. (1996: 231) . Diospyros similis Craib , Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew) 1920 (9): 303 ( Craib 1920 ) , syn. nov. – Type : THAILAND • Siam, Sriracha [ Chon Buri , Si Racha ]; 23 Sep. 1911 ; Kerr 2112 ; lectotype : K [ K000792526 ]!, here designated ; isolectotypes : BM [ BM000884634 ]!, E [ E00318464 ] !. – Notes : Craib (1920) cited Kerr 2112 as the reference material of this species. Specimens of this gathering have been found in BK, E and K and the sheet at K is selected here as Craib was based in Kew when he was writing the Flora of Siam ( Hill 1933 ; Stafleu & Cowan 1976 ). Lecomte (1930: 968) ; Fletcher (1938: 380) . Diospyros cardiophylla Merr. , Philippine Journal of Science 21 (4): 352 ( Merrill 1922 ) . – Type : CHINA • Hainan , Ng Chi Leng ; Dec. 1921 ; McClure 8349 ; syntypes : A [ A00010557 ]!, BISH [ BISH001283 ]!, BM [ BM000997436 ]!, CAS [ CAS0033254 ]!, K [ K000792328 ]!, NY [ NY00335006 ]!, P [ P00721453 ]!, US [ US00113421 ] !. Diospyros eriantha Champ. ex Benth. var. conica Lecomte , Flore Générale de l’Indo-Chine 3 (7): 952 ( Lecomte 1930 ) , syn. nov. – Type : VIETNAM • Annam , Col des Nuages , près Tourane [ Hai Van Pass ]; 18 Sep. 1923 ; Poilane 8080 ; lectotype : P [ P00721421 ]!, designated by Meeprom et al. (2022) ; isolectotype : P [ P05197352 ] !. Diospyros eriantha Champ. ex Benth. var. fragrans Lecomte , Flore Générale de l’Indo-Chine 3 (7): 952 ( Lecomte 1930 ) , syn. nov. – Type : VIETNAM • Annam, Nhatrang Prov. , Ile My Giang (près Ninh Hoa ) [ Khanh Hoa , My Giang Island ]; 24 Apr. 1923 ; Poilane 6064 ; lectotype : P [ P00721503 ]!, designated by Meeprom et al. (2022) ; isolectotypes : P [ P00721504 , P00721505 ] !. Diospyros eriantha Champ. ex Benth. var. latifolia Lecomte , Flore Générale de l’Indo-Chine 3 (7): 952 ( Lecomte 1930 ) , syn. nov. – Type : VIETNAM • Annam, Nhatrang Prov. , Presqu’île de Han Heo [ Khanh Hoa , Hon Heo Peninsula ]; 12 Jun. 1923 ; Poilane 6837 ; lectotype : P [ P00721419 ]!, designated by Meeprom et al. (2022) ; isolectotype : P [ P00721420 ] !. Diospyros apiculata [non Hiern] sensu auctorum et pro parte: Phengklai (1978: 86 , fig. 51A, D; 1981: 376, fig. 51A, D); Pham-Hoang (1991: 811 ; 1999: 642 ); Nguyen (1996: 63) . Description Small tree or shrubby tree, up to 10 m tall. Young twigs sparsely to densely hairy. Bark brown, scaly, inner bark orange-brown, sapwood creamy white. Terminal and axillary buds, including inflorescence buds, covered by 2–5 imbricate scales. Leaves lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, 7–15 × 2.5–5 cm , base rounded to slightly cordate, apex acuminate to caudate, blade pubescent or sparsely hairy on upper surface, sometimes glabrescent, lower surface strigose; lateral veins (5–)7–9(–12) on each side, curved but not arched near the margin, tertiary veins reticulate, sometimes coarsely scalariform; petiole short, 2–5 mm long, sparsely to densely hairy. Male flowers solitary or in short, few-flowered fascicle, axillary. Calyx campanulate, 4–7 mm long, hairy on both sides; lobes 4, divided halfway to ⅔ of the way to the base, triangular to narrowly triangular, ca 4–5 mm long, valvate, margin entire and flat. Corolla salverform, ca 1 cm long, hairy outside, glabrous inside; tube tubular, slightly widened in the middle; lobes 4, divided ⅓ of the way to the base, ovate, 3–4 mm long, curved outward. Stamens not seen. Female flowers solitary, axillary, sessile. Calyx campanulate, 5–6 mm long, hairy outside, glabrous inside; lobes 4, divided ⅔ of the way to the base, triangular, 3–4 mm long, valvate, margin reflexed. Corolla salverform, ca 1 cm long, hairy outside, glabrous inside; tube ovoid; lobes 4, divided ⅓ to halfway to the base, curved outward. Fruits sessile, ovoid, 2.5–2 × 1–1.5 cm , 2-locular, apex acute or cuspidate (hardened stigma), hairy and later glabrescent, green when mature and turning reddish brown when ripe. Fruiting calyx slightly accrescent, hairy on both sides; lobes 4, divided nearly all the of the way to the base, lanceolate to ovate, 0.8–1.3 cm long, spreading or enclosing the fruits, margin flat or revolute. Seeds 2, sometimes both seeds fused into one. Distribution CHINA • Hainan [ Henry 8741 ( K , P ), McClure 8349 ( A , BISH , BM , CAS , K , NY , P , US )] . LAOS • Locality not specified [ Massie s.n. ( P [ P00721748 ])], Bolikhamxai [ Svengsuksa 84 ( BKF )], Khammouane [ Newman LAO 66 ( BKF , E )] . THAILAND • Bueng Kan [ Kerr 8538 ( K )], Chanthaburi [ Geesink 6751 ( BKF , K ), Larsen 31970 ( BKF ), Tagane 1811 (BKF)], Chonburi [ Collins 506 ( K ), 1982 ( K ), Kerr 2112 ( K ), Maxwell 74-1090 ( BKF )], Nakhon Nayok [ Smitinand 10877 ( BKF , K ), Poopath 6139 ( BKF )], Nakhon Ratchasima [ Charoenphol 4387 ( BKF , K )], Sa Kaeo [ Middleton 201 ( BKF , E , K )], Udon Thani [ Suddee 3019 ( BKF )]. VIETNAM • Hai Van Pass ( Da Nang & Thua Hien Hue ) [ Poilane 7769 ( P ), 8080 ( P )], Khanh Hoa [ Poilane 6064 ( P ), 6837 ( P )], Nghe An [ Du 3141 ( K )] . Ecology Diospyros strigosa is usually found near streams in lowland forest, 20–800 m elevations ( Fig. 2 ).