A threatened new species of Oligosarcus and its phylogenetic relationships, with comments on Astyanacinus (Teleostei: Characidae) Author Mirande, Juan Marcos Author Aguilera, Gastón Author Azpelicueta, María De Las Mercedes text Zootaxa 2011 2994 1 20 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.201381 9d27592f-87ad-499e-baea-d95a1fff30a8 1175-5326 201381 Oligosarcus platensis n. comb. ( Fig. 12 ) Astyanacinus platensis , Messner, 1962 Although the single-known specimen of Astyanacinus platensis Messner was not included in this phylogeny, a close examination by one of the authors (MMA) revealed that it has a row of, at least, two tricuspidate ectopterygoid teeth. A row of ectopterygoid teeth is present only in Oligosarcus and Xenagoniates , among the analyzed characids lacking a supraorbital bone. According to Mirande (2010) , Xenagoniates is deeply nested into the Aphyocharacinae . Astyanacinus platensis shares with Oligosarcus , in addition to the row of tricuspidate ectopterygoid teeth (ch. 159, state 1; synapomorphy 4 of Oligosarcus ), a somewhat posteroventrally angled articulation between the second and third infraorbitals (ch. 62, state 2; synapomorphy 3 of Oligosarcus ), although this articulation in A. platensis is less angled that in the species of Oligosarcus . The articulation between the second and third infraorbitals in Xenagoniates and, indeed, in all the species of the clade composed of the Aphyocharacinae , Aphyoditeinae , and Cheirodontinae analyzed by Mirande (2010) is anteroventrally angled, in an opposite condition to that of A. platensis . Thus, this species is herein proposed to be transferred to the genus Oligosarcus .