A revision of the neotropical Mucuna species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Author De, Tânia M. Research Associate Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, Saint Louis, MO, Missouri 63166 - 0299, USA. & Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Departamento de Biologia, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, Guarapuava, PR, 85040 - 080, Brazil; e-mail: tdmoura @ unicentro. br tdmoura@unicentro.br Author Lewis, Gwilym P. Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AB, UK. Author Mansano, Vidal F. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, DIPEQ. Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460 - 030, Brazil. Author Tozzi, Ana M. G. A. Research Associate Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, Saint Louis, MO, Missouri 63166 - 0299, USA. & Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083 - 862, Brazil. & Research Associate Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, Saint Louis, MO, Missouri 63166 - 0299, USA. text Phytotaxa 2018 2018-02-05 337 1 448 450 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.337.1.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.337.1.1 1179-3163 13718989 8. Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Prodr. 2: 405. 1825. ( Fig. 11 ) Negretia elliptica Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 176 (1798). TYPE:— Peru . Pozuzo , Muña. Herb. Ruiz y Pavón ( lectotype : FI 51700, designated by Moura et al . 2013e ) . Mucuna fawcettii Urb., Symb. Antill. 5(3): 371. 1908. TYPE: — JAMAICA ( lectotype : Wm. Harris 8818 ( BM 931438 ), designated Moura et al . 2014a ; isolectotypes : Wm. Harris 8818 (F 174393, F 189190). Remaining syntypes : Wm Harris 9102 ( NY 1185459 , F 92756). Mucuna huberi Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro . 4: 90–91. 1925. TYPE:— BRASIL . Pará : December 1906 – March 1907 , Ducke 17264 ( holotype : RB!; isotypes : U 227146, F! negative no. 2380). Mucuna inflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Prodr. 2: 405. 1825. Negretia inflexa Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 176. 1798. TYPE: — PERU : Pozuzo e Muña ( lectotype : OFX, designated by Moura et al . 2013e ) . Liana. Leaf 3-foliolate; pulvinus 15 × 5.0 mm; petiole 6.0– 20 cm long; stipels ca. 2.0 mm long, persistent; rachis 1.5–2.5 cm long; petiolule 5.0– 10 mm long; lateral leaflets 13.5–18.5 × 8.5–16 cm , asymmetric at base, cuspidate at apex; apical leaflets obovate to broadly elliptic, 15–18.5 × 10–15 cm , acute to rounded at base, cuspidate at apex; venation eucamptodromous, secondary veins 7.0–9.0 pairs per leaflet; dense erect, usually, golden hairs on abaxial surface; adpressed adaxially, less dense adaxially. Inflorescence axillary, umbel-like pseudoraceme ( Fig. 11D ); peduncle 6.0– 20 cm long; bracts 2.0–3.0 × 2.0 cm, rounded at apex, sericeous on both surfaces, persistent; pedicels 1.0–2.0 cm long. Flowers 7.5–10 cm long; calyx ca. 2.5 cm long, 4-lobed, the adaxial lobe formed by two connate sepals, ca. 5.0 × 4.0 mm, retuse at apex, the other three lobes 7.0–12 × 2.0 mm, acute at apex, sericeous on both surfaces; corolla reported to be yellow ( W .J. Badoock 151 K) or yellow-orange ( P. Barbour 4483 MO , NY ); standard broadly elliptic, 5.0–6.5 × 3.0 cm, attenuate at base, rounded to retuse at apex, the claw 5.0 mm long; wings oblong-elliptic 7.5–9.0 × 2.0 cm long, attenuate at base, rounded at apex, the claw 10–12 mm long; keel petals oblong, 7.5–9.0 × 2.4 cm , attenuate at base, acute at apex, the claw ca. 15 mm long; wing and keel petals pubescent at base. Stamen filaments 8.0– 10 cm long, glabrous. Gynoecium 10 cm long; style 7.0–9.0 cm long, sericeous, except at apex; ovary 7.0–10 × 4.0 mm, sericeous; stigma peltate, villous. Fruits, 10–24 × 5.5–6.0 cm, acute at base; caudate at apex; with dense ferrugineous hairs; not ornamented by lamellae; 1–4-seeded. Seeds globose, 3.5 × 3.5 × 2.5 cm , hilum brown to black, circling ca 80% of the seed circumference. Taxonomic notes:— Mucuna elliptica is easily differentiated from the other species with umbel-like pseudoracemose inflorescences ( M. argentea , M. cajamarca , M. cuatrecasasii , M. klitgaardiae and M. pseudoelliptica ) by its up to 3 cm long persistent bracts (vs. bracts caducous in M. argentea and M. pseudoelliptica , and> 4 cm long in M. cajamarca , M. cuatrecasasii and M. klitgaardiae ), its pods not ornamented by lamellae (vs. ornamented in M. cajamarca and M. cuatrecasasii ), and the pod surface lacking a lignified marginal wing (vs. lignified wings present in M. cajamarca , M. cuatrecasasii and M. klitgaardiae ). Phenology:— Flowering throughout the year; fruiting March to November. 22 • Phytotaxa 337 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press MOURA ET AL. FIGURE 11 . Mucuna elliptica . A—Leaf. B—Stipels of lateral leaflets. C—Stipels of apical leaflet. D—Inflorescence. E—Flower. F—Calyx opened out, outer surface. G—Standard. H—Wing petals. J—Keel petals. K—Androecium. L—Gynoecium. M—Fruit. C drawn from: J.C. Solomon 13968 (MO); A–B, E–M P. Barbour 4483 (MO); D–from photograph taken by D. Cardenas. Drawn by Ana Lúcia Souza. A REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL MUCUNA SPECIES Phytotaxa 337 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press • 23 Distribution and habitat:— Mucuna elliptica occurs in Bolivia , Brazil , Colombia , Ecuador , and Peru ( Fig. 3 ). It is frequently collected close to rivers, and in humid forest, montane forest and along roadsides. Two specimens , of the type collection of Mucuna fawcetii Urban (1908: 371) (synonym of M. elliptica ), are reported from Jamaica , although there is no other report to this species outside South America. Elevational range of the species is 120–2110 m . Conservation status:— Mucuna elliptica is assessed as being of Least Concern (LC). Although our data show a restricted area of occupancy ( 112 km 2 , EN), M. elliptica occurs in ten different locations (some protected) in five countries within South America. Vernacular names: — ‘ Olho de boi’ [ Brazil ( R.L. Froes 20889 K, NY, US )]; ‘Calatis huasca’ [ Ecuador ( M. Rios & B. Bergmann 407 QCA)]; ‘vaca ñahui’ e ‘wapaí’ [ Peru ( F. Woytkowski 5088 MO; E. Ancuash 437 MO)]. Representative specimens examined:— BOLIVIA . Alto Beni , 1964 (fl.), W . J. Badoock 151 (K) . La Paz : Nor Yungas , 4 km S of bridge over Río Beni , 11 June 1985 (fl.), J.C. Solomon 13968 (K, MO ) ; Sud Yungas , Alto Beni , carretera a Sapecho-Santa Ana , 21 May 1988 (fl.), R. Seidel & M. Schulte 2423 ( NY ) . BRAZIL . Amazonas : December 1906 to March 1907 (fl.), A. Ducke 17264 ( RB ) ; Benjamin Constant , May 1945 (fl.), R.L. Froes 20889 (K, NY , US ) ; São Paulo de Olivença , 22 August 1929 (fl./fr.), A. Ducke 23411 (K, RB , US ) . Acre : Vicinity of Serra da Moa , 24 April 1971 (fl.), G.T. Prance et al. 12398 (K, MO , NY , W ) . ECUADOR . Sucumbíos : Lago Agrio , 28 July 1972 (fl.), J.D. Dwyer 10293 ( MO ) ; Río Cuyabeno , Puerto Bolívar, 23 January 1984 (fr.), H.C. Hopkins 416 ( QCA ) . Napo : Misicocha , Río Napo , down river from Ahuano , 17 August 1991 (fl.), M. Rios & B. Bergmann 407 ( QCA ) ; About 4 km W of Puerto Misahuallí , 13 August 1978 (fl.), G.L. Webster 23220 ( MO ) ; Apuya , ca 6 km from Puerto Napo , 14 August 1968 (fl.), H. Lugo 306 ( MO ) ; Río Napo , Santa Rosa , 7 August 1968 (fl.), H. Lugo 176 (K, MO , NY ) . Orellana : Yasuní National Park , oil road in construction, at km 46−52, September 1993 (fr.), M. Aulestia et al. 411 ( MO , QCNE ) . Pastaza : Río Pastaza , between Destacamento Chiriboga and Apachi Entza , 24 July 1980 (fl.), B. Øllgaard et al. 35148 ( MO ) . Morona-Santiago : 83 km E of junction of the Patuca−Santiago road and Mendé , 80 km E of Patuca , 14.5 km W of Santiago , 11 July 2004 (fl./fr.), T.B. Croat et al. 90762 ( AAU , K, MO , QCNE ) . PERU . Amazonas : Quebrada Chichjam , Rio Cenepa , 24 May 1973 (fl.), E. Ancuash 437 ( MO ) ; Rio Cenepa ; 8 km N of Huampami , 2 August 1972 (fl.), B. Berlin 158 ( MO , XAL ) . Ayacucho : Aina , 7 May 1929 (fl.), E.P. Kilipp & A.C. Smith 22747 ( NY , US ) ; Rio Apurimac Valley , near Kimpitiriki , 10 May 1929 (fl.), E.P. Killipp & A.C. Smith 23054 (A, NY , US ) . Bagua : Distrito Imaza , region Nororiental del Marañon , 14 July 1994 (fl.), R. Vásquez et al. 18646 ( MO ) ; Along roadside from Chiriaco , 40 km by road NE of Chiriaco , 7 November 1978 (fl./ fr.), P. Barbour 4483 ( MO , NY ) . Condorcanqui : Cenepa , Comunidade de San Antonio , Bosque de Ribera , Río Cenepa , 20 June 1997 (fl.), R. Vásquez et al. 24107 (K, MO ) . Jujín : Valley of Rio Tulumaio , 5 June 1983 (fr.), A. Gentry et al. 41534 ( NY ) . Llama : H. Ruiz & J.A. Pavón s.n. ( MA ) . Loreto : Maynas , Caseria Alianza , Río Tamshiyacu , 1 August 1980 (fr.), A. Gentry et al. 29311 (K, MO ) . Madre de Dios : Manu , Parque Nacional de Manu ; along forested edge, 12 August 1973 (fr.), R.B. Foster 2591 ( MO ) . Pasco : Cordillera Yanachaga , E of Oxapampa , 2 March 1982 (fl.), A. Gentry & D. Smith 35910 ( MO ) ; Oxapampa , Parque Nacional Yanachaga , El Huampal , 1 July 2003 (fr.), H. van der Werff et al. 17972 (K). Pozuzo : Llamapañaquin , H. Ruiz & J.A. Pavón s.n. ( MA ) . San Martín : Mariscal Cáceres , distrito Tocach Nuevo , 5 April 1975 (fl.), J.S. Vigo 8212 (F, MO ) . Ucayali : km 1 de carretera marginal, S from km 86 of Pucallpa -Tingo Maria Road , 1 June 1983 (fl./fr.), A. Gentry & N. Jaramillo 41400 (K, MO ) .