Nomenclature of African species of the genus Stenodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae)
Author
Metallinou, Margarita
Author
Crochet, Pierre-André
text
Zootaxa
2013
3691
3
365
376
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3691.3.5
5260f7d6-9e33-4d00-b4e2-434e3deb5515
1175-5326
222294
F11A48F1-3F49-48EE-A819-7CF44E0BE0FA
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier, 1829
1829
Sten.
guttatus
Cuvier, Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Nouvelle édition revue et augmentée. Vol. 2: 58.
The description of
Stenodactylus guttatus
makes explicit reference to two specimens illustrated in “Description de l’Égypte” (Anonymous
1809–1827
): the first specimen is the one illustrated in Plate 5,
Figure 2
and the second is illustrated in “Supplément” Plate 1,
Figure 2
. Cuvier (1829) mentions the former in the main text and the latter in a footnote of the same page, yet clearly including them both in his new species. These two specimens are thus
syntypes
of
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier, 1829
(see the Code Art. 72.4.1).
From these two specimens, the one represented in Plate 5,
Figure 2
has been identified by Guibé (1954) as specimen MNHN 1765 of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. It is labeled as “
syntype
” on its jar, and as “
type
” on the paper card corresponding to this specimen number (
Fig. 2
F). We examined this specimen (see
Fig. 2
B–2E) and we agree that it is indeed the specimen illustrated in Plate 5,
Figure 2
(see
Fig. 2
A): note the same skin fold along the left side of the head, the dark spots on the lower back, open mouth, and arrangement of scales around the nostril. The locality given is “
Egypt
”, without any further information found either in the MNHN catalogues or provided by Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1827).
The other specimen (the one illustrated in “Supplément” Plate 1,
Figure 2
) is apparently lost. Roger Bour (pers. comm.), who recently investigated the status of all the specimens illustrated in the “Description de l’Égypte”, was not able to locate it. While most of the
reptiles
illustrated in “Description de l’Égypte” originate from
Egypt
, some of them have been collected by Jules-César Savigny, who also collected specimens during the campaign to
Syria
in 1799, when he reached as far north as Tiberias and Acre (Bour, pers. comm.), both in northern present-day
Israel
. This specimen can thus originate either from
Egypt
or
Israel
.
These two
syntypes
obviously belong to two different species. The first specimen (Pl. 5,
Fig. 2
= MNHN 1765) is clearly a member of the species currently called
Stenodactylus petrii
[note for ex. the large head (
Fig. 2
D), the distinctly thin, whip-like tail (
Fig. 2
B), the multiple rows of strongly protruding cloacal tubercles (
Fig. 2
C)]. The other specimen is easily identifiable as a member of the genus
Ptyodactylus
. Fixation of the status of the nomen
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier,
1829
in the synonymy, therefore, requires designation of a
lectotype
. To our knowledge, there has been no
lectotype
designation for this nomen so far. Note that the mention by Guibé (1954) of specimen MNHN 1765 as “
holotype
” of
Stenodactylus guttatus
does not constitute a valid
lectotype
designation, as “the original work reveals that the taxon had been based on more than one specimen” and the author did not explicitly indicate that he was “selecting that particular specimen from the
type
series to serve as the name-bearing
type
” (see the Code Art. 74.5).
Designating as
lectotype
the
Stenodactylus
syntype
(MNHN 1765) would have important nomenclatural consequences, as it would make
Stenodactylus guttatus
the oldest available name for the species currently known as
Stenodactylus petrii
. In order to maintain nomenclatural stability, we thus designate here as
lectotype
of
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier, 1829
the specimen illustrated in Plate 1,
Figure 2
of “
Reptiles
- Supplément” of the “Illustrations de Description de l’Égypte” (Anonymous
1809–1827
). Identification of this specimen to species level is not easy. There are currently four species of
Ptyodactylus
widely spread in
Egypt
and
Israel
, whose identification can be complicated (see Baha El Din 2006; Werner & Sivan 1993, 1994). However, the long, narrow and flat head together with the lack of pale spots on the dorsum makes us confident that the
lectotype
belongs to the species currently known as
Ptyodactylus hasselquistii
(Donndorff, 1798)
. Note that previous authors (notably Werner and Sivan 1993, 1994) have reached a different conclusion regarding the identification of this specimen, referring it to
Ptyodactylus guttatus
(Heyden, 1827)
, instead. Since this nomen is also older than
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier, 1829
, uncertainties over its identification have no nomenclatural consequences so far. Unambiguous fixation of the allocation of
Stenodactylus guttatus
Cuvier,
1829
in the synonymy of the genus
Ptyodactylus
would certainly require designation of a
neotype
.
Name-bearing
type
:
the specimen illustrated in
Figure 2
of Plate 1 of “
Reptiles
- Supplément” of the “Illustrations de Description de l’Égypte” (Anonymous
1809–1827
),
lectotype
by present designation. This specimen is apparently lost.
Type
locality:
Egypt
or
Israel
(see above).
Proposed status:
subjective junior synonym of
Ptyodactylus hasselquistii
(Donndorff, 1798)
.