The genus Hybos Meigen (Diptera: Empidoidea: Hybotidae) in Thailand Author PLANT, ADRIAN R. text Zootaxa 2013 2013-07-17 3690 1 1 98 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3690.1.1 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3690.1.1 c8670273-a22c-4b4a-972d-38a43cd66f86 1175-5326 6329811 0874D336-BA8C-4266-AA50-633167C816F3 Hybos lannaensis sp. nov. ( Figs 4 , 86–91 , 240 , 257 ) Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ : THAILAND , Chiang Mai Province , Doi Chiangdao , Pakea Station , 19°18'50.7"N , 98°49'57.8"E , 1560 m , 22–28.x.2009 , Malaise trap , Unjai. S. [ QSBG-2009-272 ] ( QSBG ). PARATYPES : 3♀ , same data as holotype, 28.ix.-4.x.2009, 4–10.x.2009 , 10–16.x.2009 : 3♂ , Lampang Province , Chae Son National Park , campground/lavatory, 18°49.894'N , 99°28.354'E , 467 m , 7–14.v.2008 , 14–21.v.2008 : 1♂ , Chiang Mai Province , Huai Nam Dang National Park , visitor centre, 19°18.803'N , 98°36.408'E , 31.iii.-7.iv.2008 ; 1♀ , Chiang Mai Province , Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden , semi-evergreen forest, 18°52'50.7''N , 98°51'42.3''E , 811 m , 3–18.iv.2009 ( QSBG and NMWC ). Additional material. 1♀ , Chiang Mai Province , Doi Chiangdao , Pakea Station , 19°18'50.7"N , 98°49'57.8"E , 1560 m , 15–21.xi.2009 : 1♀ , Chiang Mai Province , Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden , semi-evergreen forest, 18°52'50.7''N , 98°51'42.3''E , 811 m , 9–16.vi.2009 ; 1♀ , Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden , 18°53'73.0''N, 98°51'80.7''E, 624 m , 23.ii.-2.iii.2007 : 1♀ , Chiang Mai Province , Doi Phahompok National Park , Doi Phaluang , 20°1.06'N , 99°9.581'E , 1449 m , 14–21.x.2007 : 3♀ , Kamphaeng Phet Province , Mae Wong National Park , Chong Yen , 16°5.212'N , 99°6.576'E , 1306 m , 10–17.ix.2007 , 24–31.xii.2007 ( QSBG and NMWC ). Etymology. Named after the old Lan-na kingdom which included northern Thailand in its territory. Diagnosis. A black legged species with largely dark setae on coxae, stylus subplumose on basal 0.7–0.8. The mid tibia has 3 evenly sized dorsal bristles, clearly distinct from surrounding setae but only 3X as long as limb is deep. The hind tibia is rather stout with a small apicoventral spur and the mid metatarsus lacks a strong ventral spine near base. Distinguished from H. konkaogwang sp. nov. primarily by having a longer discal cell and with apical section of M 1 curved upwards near tip where parallel with apical section of R 4+5 . The male terminalia are distinctive. Description: Male : body length 3.5 mm . Head subshining black, dusted greyish; face black; occipital setae black, some pale setae on lower occiput. Antenna black; postpedicel ovate in lateral view, ~2.0–2.5X long as wide, without distinct dorsal setae; stylus ~5X long as postpedicel, subplumose on proximal 0.7–0.8, hairs as long or slightly longer than stylus is deep ( Fig. 4 ); apical 0.2–0.3 bare. Mouthparts blackish, palpus narrow, with distinct apical hair. Thorax with ground colour black; postalar callus laterally, scutellum narrowly at base and pleura vaguely about base of wing yellowish; dusted brownish grey; acr 4-serial, at least about middle; acr and dc fine and hair-like, becoming longer posteriorly with posterior dc and acr before prescutellar area conspicuously stronger although very fine; 1 fine pa; 1 strong and 1 weak npl; 1 pair of fine sct with smaller hairs on posterior margin of scutellum. Legs subshining black, thinly dusted greyish; ‘knees’ of all legs hardly paler. Coxae with hairs and bristles mostly dark, somewhat yellowish brown behind C 3 . F 1 with pv fringe of brownish hairs on basal 0.6 as long as limb is deep, virtually absent distally; av fringe shorter. F 2 very slightly narrowed at middle viewed from above, with fringe of distinct fine anterior bristles on basal half as long as limb is deep; av and pv fringes with some hairs as long or longer than limb is wide; apical setae hardly longer than surrounding hairs. F 3 strongly and evenly inflated, 5X long as wide, widest 0.5 from base; ventral spines numerous, shorter than limb is deep, comprising ~12–13 anteroventrals, similar number of shorter spines ventrally and ~5–6 short spines posteroventrally on basal 0.3; pv fringe yellowish brown, numerous, becoming longer distally where almost as long as limb is deep; ~3 strong and more numerous weaker bristles anteriorly. T 1 with ventral fringe of fine dark hairs more or less confined to distal 0.6 where ~3–5X long as limb is deep from which apical circlet is not clearly distinguishable. T 2 with distinct erect bristles at ~0.2, 0.5 and 0.7 from base, uniformly ~3X long as limb is deep; finer but equally long hairs anteriorly and slightly shorter hairs posteroventrally; apical circlet comprising 1 distinct anterior (0.3–0.4X length of MT 2 ) and 2 much smaller setae below. T 3 rather stout, gently and evenly curved, with distinct but small slightly projecting apicoventral spur, not as wide as limb is deep, covered with minute yellowish brown pile; series of fine hairs dorsally, becoming longer distally, without any stronger bristles admixed. MT 1 with numerous long fine av and pv hairs, continued but becoming shorter on distal tarsomeres; 2 small stout bristles near base ventrally; 1 pair of long fine bristles dorsoapically on MT 1 and second tarsomere. MT 2 with distinct dorsal hair before tip and longish hairs posteroventrally, becoming shorter distally; lacking strong ventral bristle at base. MT 3 weakly spinose ventrally with yellowish pile. Wing membrane faintly brownish, especially apically and anteriorly; veins brown or yellowish brown; stigma distinct, brown, short, reaching costa 0.6–0.7 distance between end of R 1 and R 2+3 . Cell dm 3X long as wide, same length as upper vein (M 1 ) from cell ( Fig. 240 ); apical section of M 1 curved upwards near tip where parallel with apical section of R 4+5 . Squamae with pale fringes. Halter white. Abdomen black, thinly dusted, subshining with somewhat bronze reflections; bristly hairs mostly pale, longest and more numerous laterally and ventrally, becoming shorter distally. Terminalia ( Figs 86–88, 91 ) with black bristles; left epandrial lamella broad in lateral view ( Fig. 88 ), narrow in dorsal view; left surstylus elongate, one rounded and one pointed lobe apically ( Figs 86, 88 ); right epandrial lamella short, somewhat quadrate in lateral view ( Fig. 87 ); right surstylus with very elongate, slightly curved process and smaller triangular process with short stout spine at tip; hypandrium ( Fig. 91 ) pointed apically, with subapical regular series of equally sized bristles. Female . Similar to male but postpedicel longer, 3.0–3.5X long as wide, bare on apical 0.2–0.3. Legs with F 1 and F 3 slightly more slender, generally shorter less conspicuous hairs but larger bristles similar to male. T 1 with ventral fringe of hairs shorter and 1–2 distinct dorsoapical bristles. MT 1 with much shorter av and pv hairs. MT 2 usually with distinct fine dorsal bristle at 0.5 from base almost as strong as dorsoapical. F 3 without distinct short spines posteroventrally on basal 0.3. Abdomen broader and with shorter bristles than in male; sternite 7 ( Fig. 90 ) more or less divided by less sclerotized median area (more apparent in slightly teneral individuals); sternite 8 bulbous in lateral view ( Fig. 89 ), rather weakly sclerotized except distally, with numerous fine setae; tergite 8 small ( Fig. 89 ), less strongly sclerotized than tergite 7; tergite 10 inconspicuous. FIGURES 86–91. Hybos lannaensis sp. nov. 86. ♂ terminalia, dorsal view. 87. right epandrial lamella and right surstylus. 88. left epandrial lamella and left surstylus. 89–90. ♀ terminalia. 89. lateral. 90. ventral. 91. ♂ terminalia, hypandrium, ventral view. LS = left surstylus, RS = right surstylus, S7 = sternite 7, S8 = sternite 8, S10 = sternite 10, T7 = tergite 7, T8 = tergite 8. Comment. Male genitalic morphology of H. lannaensis sp. nov. is similar to that of H. hunanensis Yang & Yang, 1988 from Hunan , China ( Yang & Yang 1988b ) and the two species are clearly closely related. The general form of the hypandrium and right surstylus is similar in H. lannaensis sp. nov. and H. hunanensis , but in H. lannaensis sp. nov. the left surstylus is much longer and narrower but with a similarly shaped tip. Hybos hunanensis also apparently lacks distinct dorsal bristles on the mid tibia, or anterior bristles on the posterior femur which also has a different arrangement of ventral spines. Hybos lannaensis sp. nov. is evidently widely distributed at low to mid elevation ( 467–1,560 m ) in northern Thailand ( Fig. 257 ) occurring in the Daen Lao and Thanon Thangchai ranges, the Khun Tan Chain and the northern Tenasserim Hills. It is found in hill evergreen forest but also at lower elevations in more seasonally arid forest types such as dry evergreen. Adult activity is from February to early May and from September to December, coinciding with the start and end of the wet season respectively.