Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini)
Author
Claridge, Brandon
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2222-326X
Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
brandonclaridge1@gmail.com
text
Journal of Hymenoptera Research
2021
2021-08-31
85
57
79
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.67792
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.67792
1314-2607-85-57
17378F9993CF4C5385139879A9BCA2DE
1D58C1C78EE05CF3A979639776DABE1D
5491663
Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859
Heterischnus
Wesmael, 1859: 83. Type species:
Ichneumon pulex
Mueeller
. Monotypic.
Rhexidermus
Foerster
, 1869: 192. Type species:
Rhexidermus japonicus
Ashmead. Monotypy by inclusion in
Ashmead (1906)
.
Posocentrus
Provancher, 1875: 273. Type species:
Posocentrus huardi
Provancher. Monotypic.
Ischnopsidea
Viereck, 1914: 77. Type species:
Ichneumon
thoracicus Gravenhorst. Monotypic and original designation.
Aethiopischnus
Heinrich, 1938: 127. Type species:
Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi
Heinrich. Monotypic and original designation.
Generic diagnosis.
Among
Phaeogenini
genera,
Heterischnus
is easily recognized by a combination of the following: unidentate, falciform mandible; epistomal suture distinct; basal flagellomeres slender and elongate (Fig.
1
); scutellum moderately narrow, convex, and distinctly elevated above metanotum; areolet (cell 1-2Rs) of the fore wing is closed (Fig.
1
); hind coxa simple; thyridium wide. In some species, notably
Heterischnus huardi
(Provancher), the clypeus is medially truncate with acute sublateral projections making such species instantly recognizable as
Heterischnus
. However, the ventral clypeal margin varies between the aforementioned morphology and being medially straight without acute sublateral projections. The majority of species tend toward the latter condition. Additionally, the tarsal claws of
Heterischnus pulex
(
Mueller
) are pectinate which is unique among
Phaeogenini
, although the tarsal claws are simple in the remaining species.
Figure 1.
Unpublished illustration of
Heterischnus huardi
(Provancher) lateral habitus and frontal view of head by Professor Masaaki Tokunaga or his assistants, commissioned by Dr. Henry Townes.