Four new species of the subgenus Pachylaelaps (Longipachylaelaps) from Italy, with a new identification key to the known species (Acari: Pachylaelapidae) Author Mašán, Peter text Zootaxa 2017 4236 1 95 117 journal article 36476 10.11646/zootaxa.4236.1.5 9b07325e-60db-405c-97a2-831f68682f6e 1175-5326 322026 04D3145C-1C8A-4AE7-968F-7F307E1E732A Key to known species of the subgenus Pachylaelaps ( Longipachylaelaps ) (males) 1. Dorsal setae J5 more than 3.5 times shorter the setae J4.......................................................2 - Setae J5 less than 3.5 times shorter the setae J4..............................................................6 2. Both projections on palptibia tapered distally.............................................................. 3 - At least one palptibial projection with rounded distal margin.................................................. 4 3. Palptibial projections with divergent contiguous sides; larger projection produced into needle-like structure; spermatodactyl relatively shorter, less than twice as long as movable digit (spermatodactyl length/movable digit length 1.5–2); length of dorsal shield 870–950 µm......................................................... P . ( L .) bocharovae Koroleva, 1978 - Palptibial projections with parallel contiguous sides; larger projection regularly tapered, with obtusely pointed apex; spermatodactyl relatively longer, more than twice as long as movable digit (spermatodactyl length/movable digit length = 2.5); length of dorsal shield 710–780 µm.................................................. P . ( L .) sublongisetis Koroleva, 1977 4. Smaller palptibial projections with rounded distal margin; larger palptibial projection regularly tapered and with obtusely pointed apex, often with sail-like subapical lateral structure; spermatodactyl relatively shorter, less than twice as long as movable digit (SL/MDL 1.8–2); length of dorsal shield 745–900 µm........................ P . ( L .) perlucidus Mašán, 2007 - Smaller palptibial projections with tapered distal margin; larger palptibial projection with rounded distal margin; spermatodactyl relatively longer, more than twice as long as movable digit (SL/MDL 2–2.4)................................... 5 5. Spermatodactyl wider, with obvious proximal expansion and narrower distal section; larger palptibial projection regularly rounded; dorsocentral setae shorter: setae J2 with tips reaching between insertions of setae J2 and J3; length of dorsal shield 750 µm.................................................................... P . ( L .) squamifer Berlese, 1920 - Spermatodactyl narrower, sword-like, with almost parallel lateral margins in proximal section, moderately tapered distally; larger palptibial projection with small incision on rounded distal margin; dorsocentral setae longer: setae J2 with tips reaching close to insertions of setae J3; length of dorsal shield unknown............... P . ( L .) conifer Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 6. Palptibia with one projection (produced into needle-like apex); length of dorsal shield 945–1,025 µm.................................................................................. P . ( L .) granulifer Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 - Palptibia with at least two adjacent projections............................................................. 7 7. Dorsal setae J4 and J5 subequal or only negligibly differing in length........................................... 8 - Dorsal setae J4 and J5 well differing in length, setae J4 at least 1.5 times as long as setae J5........................ 10 8. Dorsocentral setae longer: setae J1 with tips reaching beyond insertions of setae J2; at least one palptibial projection with pointed distal margin; spermatodactyl wider, with obvious proximal expansion, narrower distal section and slight subterminal constriction; length of dorsal shield unknown............................ P . ( L .) pulsator Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 - Dorsocentral setae shorter: setae J1 with tips reaching between insertions of setae J1 and J2; both palptibial projections with rounded distal margin; spermatodactyl narrower, sword-like to spear-like, with almost parallel lateral margins in medial section and moderately tapered distal section................................................................. 9 9. Spermatodactyl laterally flattened, sword-like, straight, relatively shorter, less than two times the movable digit (SL/MDL 1.7‒1.9); laterally and marginally inserted setae relatively short: z6 <½ z6‒Z1, s4 <s4‒s5, Z2 <Z2‒Z3; smaller species, length of dorsal shield 470–510 µm................................. P . ( L .) brevipilis Mašán, Özbek & Fenďa, 2016 - Spermatodactyl tubular, spear-shaped, slightly sinuous, relatively longer, more than three times the movable digit; laterally and marginally inserted setae relatively long: z6> z6‒Z1, s4> s4‒s5, Z2> Z2‒Z3; length (mean) of dorsal shield 836 µm.............................................................................. P . ( L .) silviae Moraza & Peña, 2005 10. Apex of cheliceral spermatodactyl with special horseshoe-like process; length of dorsal shield 810 µm................................................................................................ P . ( L .) virago Berlese, 1920 - Apex of spermatodactyl regularly formed, never with additional process....................................... 11 11. Apex of spermatodactyl with small subterminal incision; apex of larger palptibial projection produced into needle-like structure; length of dorsal shield 640–715 µm......................................... P . ( L .) carpathicus Mašán, 2007 - Apex of spermatodactyl regularly formed, without incisions; palptibial projections with distal margin rounded or obtusely tapered........................................................................................... 12 12. Spermatodactyl with moderate subapical constriction, apex relatively wide and abruptly curved backward; length of dorsal shield 660‒710 µm................................................................. P . ( L .) pantinii sp. nov. - Apex of spermatodactyl regularly tapered, straight and directed downward...................................... 13 13. Spermatodactyl relatively wide, with proximal expansion, leaf-like or flag-like.................................. 14 - Spermatodactyl narrow, regularly tapered posteriorly, sword-like to stiletto-like.................................. 18 14. Spermatodactyl with denticulate anterior medial margin.................................................... 15 - Spermatodactyl with smooth margins................................................................... 16 15. Distal portion of spermatodactyl narrowed and elongated; spermatodactyl 205‒225 µm long (SL/MDL 3.2‒3.6); palptibial projections narrowed toward apex; length of dorsal shield 690‒770 µm....................... P . ( L .) abludens sp. nov. - Distal portion of spermatodactyl relatively wide and short; spermatodactyl 165‒185 µm long (SL/MDL 2.5‒2.85); larger palptibial projection widely rounded; length of dorsal shield 710‒750 µm................... P . ( L .) marcovallei sp. nov. 16. Spermatodactyl with basal expansion, relatively longer (SL/MDL> 2.5); sperm ductule with symmetrical position along both margins of spermatodactyl; length of dorsal shield unknown............ P . ( L .) longicrinitus Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 - Spermatodactyl with medial expansion, relatively shorter (SL/MDL <2.5); sperm ductule situated more closely to anterior margin of spermatodactyl............................................................................. 17 17. Spermatodactyl 110‒120 µm long (SL/MDL = 2); dorsal setae J5 more than two times shorter the setae J4; palptibial projections narrowed toward apex; length of dorsal shield 670‒735 µm....................... P . ( L .) distinctus Mašán, 2007 - Spermatodactyl 130‒150 µm long (SL/MDL 2‒2.25); dorsal setae J5 less than two times shorter the setae J4; larger palptibial projection widely rounded; length of dorsal shield 720‒810 µm........................... P . ( L .) bergomensis sp. nov. 18. Two palptibial projections with parallel contiguous margins and adjacent apices; spermatodactyl relatively longer (SL/MDL = 2); terminal hook of cheliceral fixed digit bifid; length of dorsal shield 645–735 µm....... P . ( L .) longulus Willmann, 1938 - Two palptibial projections with divergent contiguous margins and apices well separated; spermatodactyl relatively shorter (SL/ MDL 1.6‒1.8); terminal hook of cheliceral fixed digit simple................................................ 19 19. Palptibial projections reduced in size, markedly shorter than cross-sectional radius of palptibia; length of dorsal shield unknown........................................................ P . ( L .) gibbosus Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 - Palptibial projections normal, as long as cross-sectional radius of palptibia...................................... 20 20. Dorsal setae relatively longer: setae J1 with tips reaching beyond insertions of setae J2, setae J3 with tips reaching to insertions of setae J5; cheliceral spermatodactyl relatively shorter (SL/MDL 1.6); length of dorsal shield unknown................................................................................. P . ( L .) decipiens Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965 - Dorsal setae relatively shorter: setae J1 with tips not reaching beyond insertions of setae J2, setae J3 with tips reaching between insertions of setae J3 and J5; spermatodactyl relatively longer (SL/MDL 1.8); length of dorsal shield unknown............................................................................ P . ( L .) hestulifer Hirschmann & Krauss, 1965