Lissodendoryx Topsent, 1892 (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae) from Brazil: a new species and transfer of Strongylacidon oxychaetum Menegola, Santos, Moraes & Muricy, 2012 to the genus Lissodendoryx Author Barros, Thales Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Nelson Chaves, s / n Cidade Universitária CEP 50373 - 970, Recife, PE, Brazil Author Cavalcanti, Thaynã Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Nelson Chaves, s / n Cidade Universitária CEP 50373 - 970, Recife, PE, Brazil Author Hajdu, Eduardo Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s / n, CEP 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Author Pinheiro, Ulisses Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Nelson Chaves, s / n Cidade Universitária CEP 50373 - 970, Recife, PE, Brazil text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-23 5336 3 401 412 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5336.3.6 journal article 56076 10.11646/zootaxa.5336.3.6 2b0318fa-a807-45b8-a6ff-dfc9a16834d1 1175-5326 8281716 7B762004-EBF9-4925-8BA6-BE8B4C1464F4 Lissodendoryx ( Waldoschmittia ) almeidai sp. nov. ( Figure 5 , Table 2 ) Holotype : UFPEPOR 2724, off Boa Viagem Beach ( 8° 8 ‘47.6” S , 34° 34’ 11” W , Recife , Pernambuco State , Brazil ), 56 m depth , dredging, coll. Laboratório de Biologia de Crustáceos – UFPE ( Feb/07/2018 ). Description: External morphology ( Fig 5A ): Encrusting specimen. Reasonably detachable rough surface, covered with debris. Rigid consistency. Oscules not observed. Presence of small fistules 0.2–1.0 cm length ( Fig 5B ). Dark brown color when preserved (80% ethanol), unknown color in life. Skeleton ( Fig 5D ): Ectosomal skeleton formed by brushes of tylotes ( Fig 5E ) inserted in distinct subdermal spaces. Tylotes are also found in the choanossomal and subectosomal region traversing the surface. Choanosomal skeleton forming a pauci to unispicular isotropic reticulation of smooth oxeas and tylotes ( Fig 5F ).Abundant spongin and debris present in the choanosome. Microscleres are found spread throughout the ectosome and choanosome. Spicules ( Fig 5G–K ). Oxeas (161– 186.4 –206/ 3.2 µm): thin, smooth, slightly curved, needle-like tips ( Fig 5G ). Tylotes (203– 244.6 –264/ 3.2 µm): thin, smooth, straight, rounded tyles ( Fig 5H ). Arcuate isochelae (23– 24.0 –26 µm): slightly curved axis, short and curved alae ( Fig 5K ). Ecology: The specimen was collected by dredging off Boa Viagem Beach ( Recife , Pernambuco State , Brazil ), at 56 m depth , on sandy bottom . Etymology: The chosen specific name honors Professor Alexandre Oliveira de Almeida, from Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , who collected and provided the specimen. Geographic distribution: Known only for the type locality: off Boa Viagem Beach , Recife , Pernambuco State , Brazil (present study) . TABLE 2. Comparison of micrometric data for the subgenus Lissodendoryx ( Waldoschmittia ) Laubenfels, 1936 species. Values in micrometers (µm), expressed as: minimum–maximum or minimum– mean –maximum.

Species	Tylotes	Oxeas	Arcuate Isochelae	Sigmas
L . ( W .) hawaiiana (Laubenfels, 1950)1	215– 228 –245/ 3.7– 5.8 –7.5	255– 271.3 –285/ 10– 13 –15	17.7– 29 –37.5/ 1– 2.3 –2.5	I–27– 31.7 –35 II–10– 13 –17.5
L . ( W .) mediterranea	231–259/	70–73/	28–42	–
( Sarà & Siribelli, 1960 )2	3.5	1.7–3.5 (acanthoxea)
L . ( W .) schmidti (Ridley, 1884)3	210– 228.9 –264/ 4– 5.3 –7	183– 194.5 –210/ 6– 7.4 –8	I–29– 33.3 –39 II–18– 20.5 –24	I–26– 28.9 –31 II–16– 18.4 –21
L . ( W .) almeidai sp. nov . 4	203– 244.6 –264/ 3.2	161– 186.4 –206/ 3.2	22– 24 –26	–

References: 1. Núñez Pons et al . (2017) ; 2. Sarà & Siribelli (1960) ; 3. Van Soest (2002) ; 4. Present study. FIGURE 5. Lissodendoryx ( Waldoschmittia ) almeidai sp. nov. , holotype. A, preserved specimen (UFPEPOR 2724); B, detail of small fistule; C, internal part of sponge filled with debris; D, cross section showing choanosome and ectosome; E, ectosomal brushes of tylotes; F, oxeas in choanosome; G, oxea; H, tylote; I, detail of the extremity of the oxea; J, detail of the end of the tylote; K, arcuate isochelae. Scales: A = 1.5 cm; D = 300 µm; E–F = 40 µm G = 20 µm; H = 10 µm; I = 50 µm; J–K = 5 µm. Remarks: The specimen was identified as belonging to the subgenus L. ( Waldoschmittia ) because it contains oxeas as choanosomal megascleres. Lissodendoryx ( W .) almeidai sp. nov. differs from the other species of the subgenus by its spicular set and spicular dimensions. Lissodendoryx ( W .) hawaiiana has sigmas as microscleres and larger oxeas than those of the new species; L . ( W .) schmidti has sigmas and two categories of arcuate isochelae; finally, L . ( W .) mediterranea , the species approaching the new species the most, is distinguished by having acanthoxeas as choanosomal megascleres. This is the first record of the subgenus L. ( Waldoschmittia ) from the Atlantic Ocean ( Table 2 ).