Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXIX. Aspleniaceae Author Kessler, Michael Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland Author Smith, Alan R. University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 text Phytotaxa 2018 2018-03-16 344 3 259 280 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6 1179-3163 Asplenium cuspidatum Lam., Encycl. 2: 310. 1786. = A. rigidum Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1817 (1): 68. 1817 . Range:— Mexico to Bolivia (BE, CH , CO, LP, SC, TA) and Brazil . Ecology:— Very common; epiphytic and terrestrial, rarely saxicolous, in humid forests; (200)1500–3000(3450) m. Shows no obvious adaptations to drought and typically occurs in the most shaded parts of the canopy and understory ( Hietz & Briones 1998 ). However, under drought stress, plants produce secondary compounds as protection against high light levels ( Tausz et al . 2001 ). Notes:— Closely related to A. auritum , and specimens with less dissected pinnae approach that species but generally have narrowly winged rachises ( vs . broadly winged in A. auritum ). Specimens with undivided acroscopic basal pinna lobes are sometimes called A. rigidum Sw. , but at least in Bolivia there is clinal variation between undivided and deeply cleft lobes.