Systematic study of Chinese Acroclita Lederer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), with the description of a new species
Author
Zhang, Aihuan
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-01-12
5228
2
195
200
journal article
226119
10.11646/zootaxa.5228.2.7
cd635119-a5e2-4ec1-a566-9493e40f8097
1175-5326
7532325
DEB655FD-CE06-4FF3-9B7F-1D557AB28F47
Acroclita
Lederer, 1859
Acroclita
Lederer, 1859: 121
.
Type
species:
Paedisca arctana
Staudinger, 1859
=
Tortrix
(
Semasia
)
subsequana
HerrichSchäffer, 1851
.
Acrolita
:
Fernald, 1908: 59
. [Misspelling of
Acroclita
]
Acrocita
:
Turner, 1946: 197
. [Misspelling of
Acroclita
]
Hylotropha
Turner, 1946: 197
.
Type
species:
Hylotropha leptotypa
Turner, 1946
=
Acroclita bryopa
Meyrick, 1911
.
Host plants.
[
Araliaceae
]:
Polyscias
sp.
; [
Asteraceae
]:
Sonchus
sp.
; [
Boraginaceae
]:
Cordia latifolia
Roxb.
,
C. myxa
L.; [
Cuscutaceae
]:
Cuscuta
sp.
; [
Elaeagnaceae
]:
Elaeagnus umbellata
Thunb.
; [
Euphorbiaceae
]:
Euphorbia esula
L.,
E. paralias
L.,
E. portlandica
L.; [
Fabaceae
]:
Butea monosperma
(Lam.) Taub
; [
Flacourtiaceae
]:
Casearia tomentosa
Roxb.
; [
Hypericaceae
]:
Hypericum grandifolium
Choisy
; [
Moraceae
]:
Artocarpus hirsutus
Lam.
,
Ficus racemosa
L.,
F. religiosa
L.; [
Rhamnaceae
]:
Discaria toumatu
Raoul.
; [
Salicaceae
]:
Salix
sp.
; [
Verbenaceae
]:
Vitex pinnata
(L.) (
Meyrick, 1912
,
1920
,
1927
,
1933
,
1934
;
Fletcher, 1932
,
1940
;
Ashton & Santana, 1976
;
Bradley
et al
., 1979
;
Oku, 1979
;
Sobhian, 1996
;
Dugdale
et al
., 2005
;
Robinson
et al
., 2010
).
Distribution.
Palaearctic, Oriental, Australian, African and Neotropical regions.
Notes.
The genus
Acroclita
Lederer
is currently composed of thirty-eight species. The species named by Meyrick occupy beyond 50%, which display a wide range of variation in forewing pattern and genitalia characters (
Clarke, 1958
). Different terms for the lateral projections of the tegumen have been used by different authors.
Pierce & Metcalfe (1922)
considered the arm-like projections to be a modified gnathos. However, in the tribe
Eucosmini
, the term gnathos is usually applied to a pair of sclerotized, transverse arms between the lateral parts of the tegumen, often connected medially, forming a ventral plate below the anal tube. Based on comparisons of tegumental structures among
Acroclita
Lederer
,
Tritopterna
Meyrick
, and
Proteoteras
Riley
, the lateral projections were considered to be derived socii by
Heinrich (1923)
.
Diakonoff & Wolff (1976)
regarded them as gnathos arms. However,
Oku (1979)
treated the medial hairy processes as socii, and the lateral projections as additional projections from upper part of tegumen at either side of the socii.
Horak (2006)
also treated the sclerotized lateral structures on tegumen as socii. In this paper, we follow the concepts of
Heinrich (1923)
and
Horak (2006)
, and refer to the lateral processes on the tegumen as socii.