Description of a new genus and thirteen new species of Ctenidae (Araneae, Ctenidae) from the Chocó region of Ecuador Author Dupérré, Nadine text Zootaxa 2015 4028 4 451 484 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4028.4.1 6fe19834-981f-4094-aa8f-3784b3743522 1175-5326 254170 DE76F18B-422D-4D97-93FD-F211F691F591 Chococtenus otonga new species Figs 1–5 , 53 , 55 , 57 . Type material. Male holotype from Ecuador , Cotopaxi Province, Otonga Biological Reserve (- 00.41994°S - 79.00623°W ), 05–19.ix.2014 , pitfall, 1997 m , N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, C. Tapia ( QCAZ ). One female paratype from Cotopaxi Province, Otonga Biological Reserve, 24.v.–08.vi.2014 , hand collecting, N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, C. Tapia ( QCAZ ). Additional material examined. Ecuador : Cotopaxi Province : Otonga Biological Reserve (- 00.41941°S - 78.99607°W ), 24.v.–08. vi.2014, 5 ♂4♀, pitfall, 1717m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré ( AMNH ); 08–21. vi.2014, 1 ♀ (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 1 ♀ (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 1 ♂2♀ (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 2 ♂ (DTC); 05– 19. ix.2014, 3 ♂2♀ ( AMNH ); 13–25. xi.2014, 1 ♀ (DTC); 25.xi–08. xii.2014, 2 ♂2♀ (DTC); (- 00.41433°S - 79.00035°W ), 21.v.–08. vi.2014, 2 ♂2♀, pitfall, 1888m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré ( AMNH ); 08–21. vi.2014, 2 ♀ (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 1 ♂1♀ (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 2 ♂ (DTC); 16.viii.–05. ix.2014, 5 ♂2♀ (DTC); 05– 19. ix.2014, 2 ♂2♀ ( AMNH ); 19.ix.–02. x.2014, 2 ♀ (DTC); 13–25. xi.2014, 3 ♂ (DTC); 25.xi–08. xii.2014, 2 ♂1♀ (DTC); ( 00.41994°S – 79.00623°W ), 08–21. vi.2014, 1 ♂, pitfall, 1997m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré ( QCAZ ); 16.viii–05. ix.2014, 1 ♀ (DTC); 16.viii–05. ix.2014, 1 ♂ (DTC);19.ix.–02. x.2014, 1 ♂1♀ (DTC); 13–25. xi.2014, 1 ♂2♀ (DTC); 25.xi–08. xii.2014, 2 ♂1♀ (DTC); (- 00.41564°S - 79.00425°W ), 03–16. viii.2014, 3 ♀, pitfall, 2105m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré (DTC); 03–16. viii.2014, 1 ♂ (DTC); 16.viii.–05. ix.2014, 2 ♂2♀ (DTC); 04– 07. ix.2014, 1 ♀ (DTC); 05–19. ix.2014, 7 ♂ (DTC); 05–19. ix.2014, 1 ♂ (DTC); 25.xi–08. xii.2014, 3 ♂ (DTC); Otonga Biological Reserve, 24.v.–08. vi.2014, 1 ♂, hand collecting, E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré (DTC); 21.vi.– 02. vii.2014, 5 ♂2♀, pitfall ( AMNH ); 04–07.ix. 2014,1♂, beating, E. Tapia, C. Tapia (DTC); 24–30. v.2014, 10 ♂2♀, night collecting, 1717m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia, N. Dupérré (DTC); 04–07. ix.2014, 1 ♂1♀, night collecting, 1997m , E. Tapia, C. Tapia (DTC); Las Pampas, 10. xi.1997, 1 ♂, 1800m , G. Onore ( QCAZ ); Las Pampas, 30. vi.1997, 1 ♂, I. Tapia ( QCAZ ); Las Pampas (- 00°25’16’’S - 78°57’04´´W ), 02. vii.1997, 1 ♂, 30. vi. 1997, 1 ♂, 1500m , I. Tapia, P. Ponce ( QCAZ ); San Francisco de Las Pampas (- 00°25’00’’S - 78°55’00´´W ) 01. iv.2007, 1 ♂1♀, 1500m , G. Onore ( QCAZ ). Pichincha Province : Las Tolas ( 0°5’29.9’’N 78°43’2.7’’W ) 11. xi.2012, 1 ♂1♀, 1607m , L. Jaramillo ( QCAZ ); Guajalito ( 0°13’53’’N 78°48’10’’W ) 01. xi.2013, 1 ♀, 1800m , S. Males ( QCAZ ); Rio Guajalito ( 0°13’59’’N 78°49’0.1’’W ) 02. xi.2013, 1 ♀, 1800m , D. Coral ( QCAZ ); Rio Guajalito (0°53 78°48’10.1’’W ) 19. i.2002, 1 ♂, 1800m , S. Pandun ( QCAZ ); Rio Guajalito, 01. xii.1996, 1 ♂, 1100m , T. Morán ( QCAZ ); Santa Lucia ( 00°07’05.3’’N 78°36’43.W) 26. x.2013, 1 ♂, 1901m , L. Jaramillo ( QCAZ ); Quito-Nanegalito km 28, 16. i.1993, 1 ♀, 2000m ( QCAZ ); Palmeras, 21. x.1989, 1 ♀, M. Calderon ( QCAZ ); Palmeras, 20. x.1979, 1 ♂, G. Romero ( QCAZ ). Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Otonga Biological Reserve. Diagnosis. Males are distinguished from all species by the basally twisted embolus ( Fig. 2 ). Females are distinguished by the elongated lateral processes of the epigynum, from C. neblina by the pentagonal median sector of the epigynum ( Fig. 4 ), triangular in the later ( Fig. 8 ). Description. Male ( holotype ) . Total length: 8.5; carapace length: 4.9; carapace width: 3.8; abdomen length: 3.6. COLORATION: Carapace light brown, sides dark brown with pattern composed of blackish lines, meshes, and a few white setae in rows; pars cephalica light brown with blackish lines and white setae behind PLE; pars thoracica apically light brown with dark brown v-line and a few white setae; fovea dark brown ( Fig. 1 ). Sternum yellow, endites and labium light orange-brown. Chelicerae orange-brown with two black stripes ( Figs 1 , 53 ). Abdomen dark brown with pale, half length median band, covered by long black setae, long white setae and spatulate white setae in cluster ( Fig. 1 ). Legs uniformly orange-brown ( Fig. 55 ). LEGS: Total length: I:15.8; II:15.3; III:13.4; IV:16.5. LEGS SPINATION: Femur I p1-1-1, r1-1-1; tibia I p1, r0, d0; metatarsus I p0 r0. Femur II p1-1-1, r1-1-1-1; tibia II p1-1, r1-1, d0; metatarsus II p0 r0. Femur III pl-1-1-1, r1-1-1-1; tibia III p1-1, r1-1, d1- 1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus III p1-1-1, r1-1, v2-2 -2. Femur IV pl-1-1, r1-1; tibia IV p1-1, r1-1, d1-1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus IV p1-1-1, r1-1, v1-1 -1-2. GENITALIA: Palpal cymbial keel week ( Fig. 2 ). Ventral tibial apophysis elongated and curved, retrolateral tibial apophysis spine-like ( Figs 2, 3 ). Tegulum oval; median apophysis elongated and curved; conductor lamelliform, hyaline; membranous tegular process hyaline, elongated, reaching embolus tip; embolus base twisted; embolus thin, originating prolaterally; tip straight ( Fig. 2 ). Female ( paratype ) . Total length: 11.6; carapace length: 4.8; carapace width: 4.1; abdomen length: 6.8. COLORATION: As in male, slightly darker. LEGS: Total length: I: 20.0; II:19.5; III:17.8; IV:21.7. LEGS PINATION: Femur I p1-1-1-1, r1-1-1; tibia I p1-1, r1-1, d1-1-1; metatarsus I p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Femur II p1-1-1-1, r1- 1-1; tibia II p1-1, r1-1, d1-1-1; metatarsus II p1-1-1 r1-1. Femur III pl-1-1-1, r1-1-1; tibia III p1-1, r1-1, d1-1-1, v2- 2 -2; metatarsus III p1-1-1, r1-1, v2-2 -2. Femur IV pl-1-1-1, r1-1-1; tibia IV p1-1, r1-1, d1-1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus IV p1-1-1, r1-1-1-1, v1-1 -1-2. GENITALIA: Epigynum with pentagonale median sector, apically with wide unsclerotized region; slightly concave; lateral processes elongated ( Fig. 4 ). Internal genitalia with elongated, curved copulatory ducts; head of spermathecae rounded with pore apically, base of spermathecae triangular; fertilization ducts elongated ( Fig. 5 ). FIGURES 1–5. Chococtenus otonga new species . Male. 1–3. Female. 4, 5. 1. Habitus, dorsal view. 2. Palp, ventral view. 3. Palp, retrolateral view. 4. Epigynum, ventral view. 5. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Male genitalia: c, conductor; ck, cymbial keel; e, embolus; eb, embolus base; ma, median apophysis; mtp, membranous tegular process; rta, retrolateral tibial apophysis; te, tegulum; vta, ventral tibial apophysis; vtp, ventral tibial process. Female genitalia: bs, base of spermathecae; cd, copulatory ducts; fd, fertilization ducts; hs, head of spermathecae; ilp, internal lateral pockets; lp, lateral processes; ms, median sector; ums, unsclerotized median sector. Natural history. Most specimens where collected in pitfall lines set up between 1717–2105 m , a few were also collected on leaves at night, other specimens studied were collected between 1100–2000 m . This generalist species inhabit both the low evergreen montane forest and the cloud forest. Distribution. Ecuador : Cotopaxi and Pichincha Provinces ( Fig. 57 ).