Review of Orbiniidae (Annelida, Sedentaria) from Australia
Author
Zhadan, Anna
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-10-14
4860
4
451
502
journal article
8231
10.11646/zootaxa.4860.4.1
1f5ee6c2-2635-44a8-8469-49319b7a8c62
1175-5326
4414137
876F1085-5296-4340-A951-41420C011917
Phylo felix
Kinberg, 1866
Figures 21
,
22
Phylo felix
Kinberg, 1866: 251–252
; Hartman 1957: 262–265, plate 23, figs. 1–7;
Day 1977: 234
;
Blake 2017: 90–93
, figs. 42–43.
Orbinia
(
Phylo
)
felix australis
Hartmann-Schröder 1984: 33-34
.
Material examined.
New South Wales
:
Cottage Point
,
Cowan Creek
,
33°39’S
,
151°10’E
,
10.10.2004
, intertidal, under boulders, coll.
P.A. Hutchings
,
J.M. Nogueira
,
AM
W.30718,
1 specimen
;
same place,
17.04.2011
, intertidal,
Zostera
, coll.
P.A. Hutchings
,
AM
W.32798,
1 specimen
;
east of
North Head
,
Port Jackson
,
33°47’50”S
,
151°18’57”E
,
21.07.1989
, depth
30 m
, sand, coll.
Fisheries Research Institute
(
NSW
),
AM
W.24306,
1 specimen
.
Western Australia
:
Little Grove
,
Princess Royal Harbour
,
Albany
,
35°04’S
,
117°52’E
,
22.11.1975
, fine sand with mollusk shells, coll. G. Hartmann-
Schröder
,
AM
W.198417,
paratypes
of
O.
(
Ph.
)
felix australis
,
2 specimens
.
Type
locality.
Brazil
.
FIGURE 21.
Phylo felix
. A–D: AM W.30718, stereomicroscope. A. General view; B. Thorax-abdomen transition, lateral view; C. Anterior end, dorsal view; D. Posterior thoracic chaetigers, lateral view; E–H, AM W.24306, compound microscope. E. Parapodium of chaetiger 17; F. Neuropodium of chaetiger 17; G. Parapodium of chaetiger 23; H. Posterior parapodium. a, acicula; br, branchia; cc, crenulated capillaries; fc, forked chaeta; flc, flail chaeta; ic, interramal cirrus; ne, neuropodium; no, notopodium; ss, spear-like spines; u, uncini.
Description
. Body long, thorax flattened, abdomen cylindrical; thoracic width 1.6–2.8 mm (
Figs 21A
,
22A, E
). Prostomium conical with pointed but not sharp tip (
Figs 21C
,
22A, D, E
). Thoracic chaetigers numbering 18–20. Branchiae from chaetiger 5, triangular with tapering tips, in abdomen becoming long triangular and strap-like, shorter than notopodia (
Figs 21C, E, G, H
,
22A, B, D, F
). Thoracic notopodial postchaetal lobes developed from first chaetiger, digitate to narrow foliaceous; in abdomen becoming very long, foliaceous, in posterior segments narrow, cirriform (
Figs 21C, E, G, H
,
22A, B, D, F
). Thoracic neuropodial postchaetal lobes as ridge with up to 8 papillae; subpodal papillae present from chaetigers 13–18 to 21–24, up to 14 per parapodia; in larger specimens reaching midventral line in 3–4 segments (
Figs 21B, D, E, F
,
22B, C, E
). Abdominal neuropodia bilobed, with subequal lobes or outer lobe slightly larger; subpodal flange well developed, with long papilla (ventral cirrus) (
Figs 21G, H
,
22F
). Interramal cirrus present, longer than neuropodia, starting from last 3–4 thoracic segments (
Figs 21E, G, H
,
22B, F
). Pygidium with two anal cirri (
Fig. 21A
). Notopodial chaetae crenulate capillaries, in abdominal notopodia also forked chaetae present (
Fig. 21G, H
). Thoracic neuropodia bearing 3–4 rows of curved smooth uncini and few thin capillaries in posterior row; beginning from chaetiger
12–13 in
anterior row very thick dark straight spear-like spines present, up to 7 spines per parapodia (
Figs 21
D-F, 22A, D). Abdominal neuropodia bearing capillary chaetae; both rami supported by thin straight aciculae in abdomen (
Fig. 21G, H
).
Distribution.
(based on literature).
Brazil
, Patagonia, Gulf of Mexico, Pacific coast of South America, Gulf of California,
Antarctica
,
Japan
,
New Zealand
,
Australia
(
Queensland
,
New South Wales
,
Victoria
,
Western Australia
).
Habitat.
Intertidal and upper subtidal, sand, shells, seagrass.
Remarks
.
Phylo felix
was described from
Brazil
, after which it was recorded from around the Pacific, including the coast of South America, Gulf of California,
Japan
,
New Zealand
, and
Antarctica
(Hartman, 1957;
Day, 1977
;
Blake 2017
). The subspecies
Orbinia
(
Phylo
)
felix australis
was described from Western Australia. It differs from the nominal species owing to the following characteristics: modified spines starting from chaetiger 13 instead of 11; subpodal papillae present after chaetiger 20, usually they cover chaetiger 22–25 instead of 17–20; and interramal cirri starting from the last 3–7 thoracic chaetigers instead of 2. According to these characters, the specimens investigated in the present work are similar to the subspecies
Orbinia
(
Phylo
)
felix australis
, but demonstrate an intermediate state in some specimens. For example, the modified chaetae start from chaetiger 12, the subpodal papillae extend to chaetiger 21, and there are 3 thoracic segments with interramal cirri. This indicates an absence of a clear border between the nominal species and
Ph. felix australis
.
The validity of this and other subspecies should be confirmed by careful investigations of morphological and/or molecular characters.