Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys
Author
Kolibac, Jiri
Moravian Museum, Department of Entomology, Hviezdoslavova 29 a, 627 00 Brno, Czech Republic
text
ZooKeys
2013
2013-12-31
366
1
194
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.366.6172
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.366.6172
1313-2970-366-1
FFD8DC462108382BCB68FFC9FF97F235
577560
Genus
Calanthosoma Reitter, 1876
Fig. 3
; Map 3
Calanthosoma
Reitter, E. 1876: 10.
Type species.
Calanthosoma flavomaculatum
Reitter, 1876 [by monotypy]
Leveille
, A. 1910: 4.
Arias, E. et al. 2009
: 37.
Kolibac
, J. 2005: 47 (redescription).
Kolibac
, J. 2006: 111 (phylogeny)
Marnia
Leveille
, 1889 [Type species:
Marniasipolisi
Leveille
, 1889; designated by
Kolibac
2005
]
Leveille
, A. 1910: 14.
Kolibac
, J. 2005: 47 (synonymized with
Calanthosoma
)
Remarks.
A single genus, it lives in tropical South America beyond the temperate
"Gondwanan"
distribution of the other egoliine genera.
Calanthosoma
shows a character set intermediate between
Egoliini
and
Trogossitini
. Longitudinal wrinkles on the dorsal surface of head and pronotum, long hairs at apex of elytra, mandibles with mola, and lacinia with distinct hooked spine at apex are typical of the egoliins; however, the genus shares ciliate labial setae and terminal antennomeres with sensorial fields with most of trogossitins. Nevertheless, most of apomorphic characters are clearly egoliine and I have no doubts about its classification within that tribe. Common trogossitine features of
Calanthosoma
may provide evidence of a common ancestor for
Egoliini
and
Trogossitini
.
The synonymization of
Marnia
with
Calanthosoma
is beyond doubt; the representatives of the genera are very similar.
Description.
Body size: about 9.0 mm. Body shape elongate. Gular sutures narrow, subparallel at apex. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides present. Submentum of males: ctenidium present. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size moderate. Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination moderate. Lacinial hooks: one. Galea: shape clavate. Galea: ciliate setae present. Mediostipes-Lacinia partially fused. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, vertically situated. Mola present. Penicillus (at base) present (fine, often membranous). Pubescence above mola or cutting edge absent. Ventral furrow not ciliate. Basal notch moderate. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite present. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes not connected (
Airora
). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula rigid, weakly retroflex, weakly emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite consisting of two separate parts. Antenna 11-segmented. Antennal club asymmetrical, sensorial fields present. Front coxal cavities externally closed, internally open. Pronotum cordate. Prepectus absent. Middle coxal cavities closed. Elytra: long hairs present. Epipleuron moderate. Elytral interlocking mechanism present, carinae conspicuous. Elytral punctation regular, scales absent. Wing: radial cell oblong (or reduced), wedge cell present, cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 absent. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Parasternites number along ventrites III-VII: one. Spiculum gastrale absent. Tegmen composed of three parts. Coxitae undivided.
Biology.
Unknown, probably predatory.
Distribution.
Only a few specimens is known to date: Venezuela, Brazil, Antilles.
Species:
Calanthosoma flavomaculatum
Reitter, 1876; Antillae, Venezuela (AL, JK)
Leveille
, A. 1910: 4.
Kolibac
, J. 2005: 47 (redescription). Reitter, E. 1876: 11
Calanthosoma grouvellei
Leveille
, 1899 (
Marnia
); Brazil (AL)
Leveille
, A. 1910: 14
Calanthosoma
sallei
Leveille
, 1889 (
Marnia
); Venezuela (AL)
(J.
Kolibac
, unpublished note: maybe synonymous with
Calanthosoma flavomaculatum
)
Calanthosoma sipolisi
Leveille
, 1889 (
Marnia
); Brazil: Minas Geraes (AL)
Leveille
, A. 1910: 14.
Kolibac
, J. 2005: 47