Three new species of mealybug (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Pseudococcidae) on persimmon fruit trees (Diospyroskaki) in southern Brazil Author Pacheco da Silva, Vitor C. Author Kaydan, Mehmet Bora Author Germain, Jean-Francois Author Malausa, Thibaut Author Botton, Marcos text ZooKeys 2016 584 61 82 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.584.8065 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.584.8065 1313-2970-584-61 9C7E21923D64455A89EAB6BF4B4C9CB8 9C7E21923D64455A89EAB6BF4B4C9CB8 Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Pseudococcidae Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan sp. n. Figs 1, 2 Type-locality. Brazil, Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on fruits in persimmon orchards, Diospyros kaki , Apr 2015, VC Pacheco da Silva leg. Type-specimen. Holotype female, Brazil, Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki , on fruits, Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva, MRGC: 2263. Paratypes: Brazil, 3 ♀♀ (85, 84, 89) - Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer; 1 ♀ (65) - Bento Goncalves - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki , May 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva; 2 ♀♀ (112, 114) - Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Kioto' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer; 2 ♀♀ (129, 131) - Caxias do Sul - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer; 1 ♀ (142) - Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Kioto' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer; 1 ♀ (166) - Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Kioto' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer; 3 ♀♀ (190, 191, 192) - Farroupilha - Rio Grande do Sul, on Diospyros kaki 'Kioto' , Apr 2015, coll: VC Pacheco da Silva and ECW Galzer. ANSES/LSV 3 slides, MBK 2 slide and MRGC 2 slides (2264 and 2265). Diagnosis. Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n. is characterized by the following combination of features: (i) dorsal oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes, the large type with an indistinct rim, the small type without a rim (but with a sclerotized area next to the ducts opening); (ii) ventral oral collar tubular ducts of two sizes, smaller ducts present in rows across medial areas of abdominal segments, and larger ducts in body margin. Description. Adult female. Appearance in life. Body oval, up to 4 mm long at maturity, covered in a layer of white wax; with two longitudinal lines of dorsal patches without wax on the intersegmental areas of the abdomen, exposing areas of dark gray-to-black subcutaneous pigment (Fig. 1). The margins have 14 small thin lateral filaments plus a long filament produced by anal lobe cerarii. Figure 1. Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n. Live adult female. Figure 2. Adult female Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n. Holotype. Body oval, 2.08-3.28 mm long, 1.06-1.82 mm wide. Eye marginal, 60-80 μm wide. Antennae, 8-segmented, 630-730 μm long, with 4 fleshy setae, each 35-70 μm long; apical segment 120-125 μm long, 35 μm wide, with apical setae 60 μm long. Tentorium 190-200 μm long, 175-210 μm wide. Labium 3-segmented, 220-260 μm long, 135-145 μm wide. Anterior spiracles 95-105 μm long, 50-65 μm wide across atrium; posterior spiracles 115-130 μm long, 70-90 μm wide across atrium. Circulus 145-200 μm wide. Legs well-developed; lengths for posterior legs: coxa 280-330 μm , trochanter + femur 490-560 μm , tibia + tarsus 550-590 μm , claw 35-45 μm . Ratio of length of tibia + tarsus to trochanter + femur, 1.03-1.15:1; ratio of length of tibia to tarsus, 3.00-3.38:1; ratio of length of hind trochanter + femur to greatest width of femur, 3.25-3.77:1. Tarsal digitules capitate, each 60.0-72.5 μm long. Claw digitules capitate, each 45-50 μm . Both pairs of ostioles present; anterior ostioles each with a total for both lips of 55-69 trilocular pores and 25-30 setae; posterior ostioles each with a total for both lips of 49-69 trilocular pores and 17-22 setae. Anal ring 120-125 μm wide, with 6 setae, each setae 260-305 μm long. Dorsum. Derm membranous, with 16 pairs of cerarii around body margin, each cerarius with 1-6 cerarian setae, each 20.0-22.5 μm long, plus 15-20 trilocular pores between cerarian setae and 3-5 spine-like auxiliary setae. Anal lobe cerarii each with about 12-16 conical setae, each 25.0-32.5 μm long, plus 42-54 trilocular pores and 3-5 spine-like auxiliary setae, all on a sclerotized area about the same size as the anal ring. Dorsal body setae of two kinds, (i) short spine-like slightly flagellate setae, each 20-25 μm long, present in middle of body segments, and (ii) hair-like flagellate setae, each 20-50 μm long, scattered on head and thorax and in single rows on abdominal segments. Trilocular pores each 4-5 μm in diameter, scattered over entire body. Minute discoidal pores, each 2.0-2.5 μm in diameter, also scattered throughout the dorsum and associated with oral collar tubular ducts. Oral collar tubular ducts of two kinds, always with at least 1 minute discoidal pore: (i) larger ducts each 20-25 μm long, 9-10 μm wide at mid-width and with an indistinct rim of duct opening 15 μm wide; totaling 14-21 on the dorsum, with 4 on head, 4 or 5 on thorax and on abdominal segments as follows: II 0-2, III 0-2, IV 0-2, V 2, VI 2, VII 2 and (ii) smaller ducts, each duct 10-15 μm long, 4-5 μm wide at mid-width, with sclerotized area next to duct opening 7.0-7.5 μm wide; scattered throughout on head and thorax, and on abdominal segments as follows: I 12-25, II 12-18, III 14-21, IV 11-21, V 9-13, VI 2-6, VII 25-29, VIII 10-14. Venter. Setae flagellate, each 12.5-225 μm long, longest setae medially on head. Apical setae of anal lobe each 295-360 μm long. Trilocular pores, each 3-4 μm in diameter, frequent throughout the venter. Minute discoidal pores scattered throughout the venter, generally associated with oral collar tubular ducts, each 2-2.5 μm . Oral collar tubular ducts of two sizes: (i) larger ducts concentrated on body margin (same size those on smaller oral collar tubular ducts on dorsum) (2-5 on each side), and (ii) small ducts, each 10.0-12.5 μm long, 2.5-3.0 μm wide, present on head and thorax, and across abdominal segments as follows: I-III 22-31, IV 7-14, V 12-14, VI 6-12, VII 8-10, VIII + IX 0-2. Comments. Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan sp. n. is most similar to Anisococcus erbi Williams & Granara de Willink and Anisococcus parasitus Williams & Granara de Willink in having oral collar tubular ducts of two sizes on the dorsum. However, Anisococcus granarae can be readily distinguished from Anisococcus erbi in having: (i) oral collar tubular ducts of two sizes on the venter, and (ii) 16 cerarii on body margins (13 -15), and from Anisococcus parasitus in having: (i) oral collar tubular ducts of two sizes on the venter ( Anisococcus parasitus has oral collar tubular ducts of only one size), and (ii) ventral oral collar tubular ducts present in rows across medial areas of the abdominal segments (not in rows on Anisococcus parasitius ). Etymology . This species is named after Dr. Maria Cristina Granara de Willink who carried out the most valuable studies on the systematics and taxonomy of mealybugs in Central and South America. Host plant. Diospyros kaki . Distribution. Brazil (Bento Goncalves , Caxias do Sul and Farroupilha, Rio Grande do Sul). Molecular characterization. No intraspecific variation was observed at COI (35 replicates). No BLAST hit with high similarity (> 95%) was obtained with GenBank.