Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade Author Chen, Kai State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Author Zhuang, Wen-Ying State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China text Phytotaxa 2017 2017-07-04 312 1 28 46 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2 1179-3163 13701723 Trichoderma beijingense K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang , sp. nov. Fig 3 Fungal Names: FN570276. Etymology : The specific epithet refers to the type locality. Diagnosis . Colony fast-growing on CMD, PDA and SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, phialides narrowly lageniform, conidia green, subglobose, less commonly globose. On CMD after 72 h colony radius 50–51 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 4 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, margin well defined, aerial hyphae common, absent at the colony center. Conidiation noted after 3 d, first formed on aerial hyphae, conidial pustules noted after 5 d, spreading abundant around the periphery of the colony, hemispherical, loose, 1–2 mm diam, white, turning green after 8 d. Chlamydospores common. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. FIGURE 2. Trichoderma adaptatum (HMAS 248800). A–C. Cultures at 25 °C (A. CMD, 7 d; B. PDA, 7 d; C. SNA, 20 d); D–K. Conidiophores and phialides (CMD, 3 d); L–M. Conidia (CMD, 3 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D, G, H = 20 μm, E, F = 10 μm; I–M = 5 μm. FIGURE 3. Trichoderma beijingense (HMAS 248804). A–C. Cultures after 7 d at 25 °C (A. CMD; B. PDA; C. SNA); D–E. Conidiation pustules (D. CMD, 7 d; E. SNA, 7 d); F–L. Conidiophores and phialides (PDA, 4 d); M. Chlamydospores (SNA, 14 d); N–P. Conidia (PDA, 4 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D–E = 200 μm; F = 20 μm; G–K = 10 μm; L–P = 5 μm. On PDA after 72 h colony radius 48–50 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 4 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, zonate, aerial hyphae abundant. Conidiation noted after 3 d, effuse in aerial hyphae or in densely disposed shrubs, shrubs appearing in 3–4 concentric zones. Conidiophores symmetrical, trichoderma-like. Phialides typically solitary or paired, sometimes in whorls of 3, narrowly lageniform, rarely subulate, 8.9–12.4(–15.2) × 2.1–3.1 μm, l/ w 3.2 –5.7, 1.4–2.2 μm wide at the base (n = 40). Conidia green, subglobose, less commonly globose, 3.3–4.2 × 2.8–3.3 μm, l/w (1.0–)1.1–1.5 (n=40). Chlamydospores common. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. On SNA after 72 h colony radius 20–21 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 9 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, margin slightly lobed and ill-defined, aerial hyphae inconspicuous. Conidiation noted after 3 d, formed in pustules, pustules spreading around the original inoculum, pulvinate, flat, adhered firmly to surface, up to 8 mm in diam, green with white margin. Chlamydospores common. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed. Strains examined : CHINA . Beijing : Yanqing, Yudushan, elev. 926 m , isolated from soil, 8 July 2015 , K. Chen TC727 ( holotype HMAS 248804, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18322). ibid ., K. Chen TC728 (HMAS 248805). Notes : Trichoderma beijingense is characterized by its flat, pulvinate pustules on SNA, which is uncommon in Trichoderma . The species appears to be a separate terminal branch in the phylogenetic tree, and was grouped with T. atroviride , T. paratroviride and T. subviride , which is poorly supported ( Fig 1 , MPBP/MLBP/BIPP = 67%/74%/–). The above fungi show morphological distinctions, and cannot be confused. In comparison, T. atroviride has shorter phialides [(4–)6–10(–12) μm], and grows faster on SNA at 25 °C; T. paratroviride differs in having globose conidia; and T. subviride can be easily distinguished by its much shorter phialides ( Jaklitsch 2011 ; Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2015 ; Qin & Zhuang 2016b ).