New species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), with a key for the species of the megacantha clade Author Norrbom, Allen L. Author Korytkowski, Cheslavo A. text Zootaxa 2012 3478 510 552 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.282325 8aded192-5c1f-42cf-943f-0f173abc3d85 1175-5326 282325 Anastrepha anopla , new species Figs. 1 , 26, 27 , 50 , 71 , 85 , 100, 101 Diagnosis. Anastrepha anopla differs from most other species of Anastrepha by its elongate pattern of denticles on the eversible membrane, with all of the denticles small and platelike and none hooklike. In this regard it is similar to some species of the doryphoros group ( Norrbom et al . 1999b ) but differs in having shorter terminalia (oviscape 5.24–6.27 mm vs. greater than 8 mm long in the doryphoros group), aculeus tip shape, and wing pattern, with the V-band separate from the S-band and the distal half of the S-band relatively narrow. In the key of Steyskal (1977) it runs to the last five species on p. 30 or to A. consobrina (Loew) or A. lanceola Stone on p. 11. In the key of Zucchi (2000) it runs with difficulty to A. consobrina or A. tumida Stone. It differs from all of those species except A. tumida in aculeus tip shape (relatively short and blunt with distinct preapical constriction) and from all of them in lacking hooklike denticles on the eversible membrane. Of the species on p. 30 of Steyskal (1977) , it further differs from A. tumida in having minute serrations on the aculeus tip (nonserrate in A. tumida ), from A. macra Stone in having a broader but shorter aculeus tip, from A. ludens (Loew) (as A. lathana Stone ) in lacking brown markings on the subscutellum, and from the remaining species as well as A. tumida in having longer terminalia. Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae dark red brown. Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, less than 2 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or slightly concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose. Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, without brown markings or sometimes with small diffuse brown spot medially on scuto-scutellar suture; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it, not extending onto notopleuron; medial scutal vitta, poorly or sometimes not differentiated, slender, rounded posteriorly; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 3.19-3.55 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae orange medially, brownish laterally. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak or absent, orange, less than half length of anepisternal seta. Legs: Entirely yellow to orange. Wing ( Figs. 26, 27 ): Length 7.76–8.33 mm , width 2.93–3.34 mm , ratio 2.40–2.65. Apex of vein R1 at 0.56–0.58 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r–m. Cell c 1.10–1.24 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 4.00–4.67 times as long as wide. Vein R2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r–m at 0.65–0.70 distance from bm–cu to dm–cu on vein M. Vein M strongly curved apically; cell r4+5 0.82–0.90 times as wide at apex as at level of dm–cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.48–1.59 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.67–0.84 times as long as vein A1+Cu2. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. Cband mostly orange, sometimes paler in most of cell c; moderate brown in most of pterostigma; distal and posterior margins in cells r1 and r2+3 partially narrowly brown. C-band and S-band narrowly connected or very narrowly separated along vein R4+5; hyaline marginal spot in cell r1 subtriangular, with apex proximal to crossvein r-m. Basal hyaline area in cell dm small. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, posterodistal margin brown, very broadly in cell cu1, without or with weak incision in cell cu1, proximal margin narrowly brown in radial cells; distal section orange except brown on margins and in cell r4+5, relatively narrow, at apex of vein R2+3 0.61–0.65 times width of cell r2+3, not extended to apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extending to or ( 1 female ) almost to vein R2+3. V-band complete, mostly brown except proximal arm broadly orange bordering dm-cu and in most of portion in cell r4+5 and distal arm anteriorly, proximal arm separated from S-band, on posterior margin extended almost to vein A1+Cu2; distal arm connected to proximal arm; cell r4+5 with hyaline area between V-band and vein M. Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings. Male terminalia ( Figs. 100, 101 ): Lateral surstylus relatively long, extended beyond prensisetae by 2.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view slightly posteriorly curved, rapidly tapering to acute apex; in posterior view more or less triangular, lateral margin convex, medial margin concave. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus 7.8 mm long, 2.45 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.65 mm long. Female terminalia: Oviscape 5.24–6.27 mm long, 1.61–1.82 times as long as mesonotum, straight in lateral view; red brown on at least distal three-fifths ventrally and laterally and almost to base dorsally; spiracle at basal 0.21–0.25. Eversible membrane ( Fig. 50 ) with dorsobasal denticles in extensive pattern (at least 2 mm long in dissected female, USNMENT000574743), all small and platelike, none hooklike. Aculeus ( Fig. 71 ) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 5.35 mm long, 0.85 times oviscape length; in ventral view base not expanded, 0.21 mm wide; tip ( Fig. 85 ) 0.18–0.22 mm long, 0.04 times aculeus length, 0.12–0.135 mm wide, 1.50–1.59 times as long as wide; in ventral view with distinct preapical constriction, subtriangular, with lateral margin slightly convex, distal 0.35–0.39 minutely serrate, 0.065–0.08 mm wide in lateral view, 0.54–0.59 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined. Distribution. Anastrepha anopla is known only from eastern Ecuador (Orellana) and Brazil (Amazonas). Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown. Type data. Holotype Ƥ (deposited in trust at USNM for eventual deposit in EPNE USNMENT 00053872) ECUADOR : Orellana: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp, 1 km S, Transect Ent., 0°39'10"S 76°26'W , transect 2, station 4, 220 m , insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest, 4 Feb 1996 , T. L. Erwin et al. Project MAXUS Lot 1414. Paratypes : BRAZIL : Amazonas: Manaus, INPA , 3°8'S 60°1'W , 29 Apr 1977 , N. D. Penny, 1Ƥ ( INPA USNMENT 00104556). ECUADOR : Orellana: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp, 1 km S, Transect Ent., 0°39'10"S 76°26'W , transect 10, station 6, 220 m , insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest, 6 Oct 1994 , T. L. Erwin et al. Project MAXUS Lot 885, 1Ƥ ( USNM USNMENT 00054652); same, transect 5, station 7, 9 Oct 1994 , Lot 916, 1Ƥ ( USNM USNMENT 00055743); same, transect 3, station 6, 11 Feb 1995 , Lot 1015, 1Ƥ ( USNM USNMENT 00054817); same, transect 7, station 5, 10 Feb 1995 , Lot 994, 13 ( EPNE USNMENT 00054595); same, transect 5, station 4, 7 Feb 1996 , Lot 1444, 13 ( USNM USNMENT 00054655). Etymology. The name of this species is an adjective derived from the Greek “anoplos”, meaning unarmed, in reference to the lack of hooklike denticles on the eversible membrane. Comments. The relationships of A. anopla are uncertain.