New species of Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Sparassidae) from Colombia, with an identification key for all known species of the genus
Author
Galvis, William
Author
Rheims, Cristina Anne
text
Zootaxa
2018
2018-11-14
4521
2
294
300
journal article
27965
10.11646/zootaxa.4521.2.11
2104639c-10cf-444c-b406-065936e44914
1175-5326
2609769
27C50B2D-FDD6-4AB3-A6A0-FF57F15DBE94
Anaptomecus yarigui
sp. nov.
(
Figs 1
,
18–30
)
Type material.
Holotype
:
male,
COLOMBIA
:
Santander
:
San Vicente de Chucurí
,
Serranía
de los
Yariquíes National Natural Park
,
Vereda Cantagallo
,
Finca El Prado
,
2138 m
,
6.81833°N
,
73.36274°W
,
23–25 September 2015
,
J.A. Moreno-González
leg. (ICN-Ar 10851).
Additional material examined.
1 subadult
male, 2 immatures, same data as holotype (ICN-Ar 10852–10853)
;
1 subadult
male, same locality data and collector as
holotype
,
2200 m
,
6.81727°N
,
73.36155°W
,
21–23 September 2015
(ICN-Ar 10854); 2 immatures, same municipality and
National Natural Park
as
holotype
,
Vereda Centro
,
Fincal El Llanito
,
1702 m
,
6.84547°N
,
73.38380°W
,
8–10 October 2015
,
J.A. Moreno-González
leg. (ICN-Ar 10855)
.
Etymology.
The specific epithet honors the Yariguí people, an extinct indigenous group that inhabited the region and the particular location where the species was found, the Serranía de los Yariquíes National Natural Park. It has been said that they committed mass suicide instead of submitting to Spanish colonial rules; noun in apposition.
Diagnosis.
Males of
A. yarigui
sp. nov.
resemble those of
A. suni
in having a vRTA and an untwisted embolus. They are distinguished from the latter by the vRTA laminar, wide and distally indented (
Figs 23–26
; slender, prong-like in
A. suni
,
Figs 6–7
) and by the embolus with a short tip (
Figs 21–22
,
25, 27
; long and slender in
A. suni
,
Fig. 12
).
Description. Male (
holotype
).
Total length 13.35. Prosoma: 4.51 long, 3.50 wide. Opisthosoma: 8.84 long, 2.98 wide. Eyes in two recurved rows (
Fig. 18
), diameters: AME 0.22, ALE 0.23, PME 0.16, PLE 0.21; interdistances: AME– AME 0.16, AME–ALE 0.07, PME–PME 0.28, PME–PLE 0.21, AME–PME 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.26. Legs (2143): I: 38.17 (10.35, 2.26, 10.34, 11.80, 3.42); II: 39.85 (10.37, 2.41, 11.29, 12.50, 3.28); III: 25.06 (6.89, 1.82, 7.18, 7.35, 1.82); IV: 37.06 (9.22, 1.96, 8.30, 14.41, 3.17). Spination: palpal tibia I, p 3, d 1, r1; femora I, III: p 1–1–1–1, d 0–1–0, r 1–1–1; femur II: p 1–1–1, d 0–1–0, r 1–1–1; femur IV: p 1–1–1, d 1–0–0, r 0–0–1; tibiae I–II: p 0–1–0, d 1–0–1, r 0–1–0,
v 2–2
– 2; tibia III: p 0–1–0, d 0–0–1, r 0–1–1,
v 2
–0–2; tibia IV: p 0–1–1, d 0–0–1, r 0–1–1,
v 2
–0–2; metatarsi I–II: p 1–0–0, r 1–0–0,
v 2–2
–0; metatarsus III: p 1–1–0, r 1–1–0,
v 2–2
–0; metatarsus IV: p 1–1–0, r 1–1–0,
v 2
–0–0. Median lobe of trilobate membrane acuminate and longer than lateral projections (
Fig. 28
). Chelicerae with four anterior and five posterior teeth, and approximately 17 intermarginal denticles between them (
Figs 29–30
). Male palp: tibia long, slightly longer than cymbium; dRTA slender and conical; vRTA as in diagnosis; tegulum with U-shaped spermophor; embolus short with wide base, arising from tegulum at approximately 11:30 o´clock position; conductor hyaline, laminar, arising from tegulum at 12 o´clock position (
Figs 21–27
). Coloration: General coloration pale brown. Dorsal shield of prosoma laterally with some brown narrow marks, six central small patches next to fovea and one longitudinal mark behind fovea. Legs with numerous brown spots distributed randomly and one irregular mark per spine base encircling it. Sternum, endites and labium pale brown. Opisthosoma light brown with four dorsal and anterior spots, and numerous bright guanine crystal spots under tegument (
Figs 18–20
).
Female:
Unknown.
Distribution.
Known only from the
type
locality, at the Serranía de los Yariquíes National Natural Park, in the Andean department of
Santander
,
Colombia
(
Fig. 1
).
Natural history
. The male
holotype
was collected by beating low vegetation in a highly conserved wet Andean forest. Subadult males and juveniles were collected in the same type locality by beating low vegetation, and manually during the day, in both secondary and very-intervened ecosystems.
Comments
.
Anaptomecus yarigui
sp. nov.
is known solely from one male and there is another species from
Colombia
,
A. levyi
, known solely from a female. Nevertheless, we consider them separate species due to the fact that the
type
localities have distinctly different altitudes, and they are more than
300 km
apart from each other. Both in a region, as northern Andes, known for its extremely high levels of diversity and endemisms in plants and animals (
Halffter 1992
), including spiders (
Galvis 2017
).
Anaptomecus levyi
was collected between
800–1200 m
,
probably in the
Susumuco Mountain range
in the department of
Meta
, just east of
Bogotá
[see
Jäger
et al
. (2009)
for discussion on the
type
locality], with altitudes reaching
1900 m
, while
A. yarigui
sp. nov.
was collected between
1700–2200 m
,
in the
Serranía
de los
Yariguíes
, in the department of
Santander
, with much higher altitudes, more than
3200 m
.
FIGURES 2–17. 2–9.
Schematic drawings of the male palpal tibia of
Anaptomecus
spp. 2–3
A. longiventris
Simon, 1903
(2 ventral, 3 retrolateral); 4–5
A. paru
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
(4 ventral, 5 retrolateral); 6–7
A. suni
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
(6 ventral, 7 retrolateral); 8–9
A. temii
Jäger, Rheims & Labarque, 2009
(8 ventral, 9 retrolateral).
10–13.
Schematic detail of embolus and conductor of
Anaptomecus
spp. 10
A. longiventris
Simon, 1903
; 11
A. paru
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
; 12
A. suni
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
; 13
A. temii
Jäger, Rheims & Labarque, 2009
.
14–17.
Schematic drawings of female Epigyne of
Anaptomecus
spp, ventral views. 14
A. longiventris
Simon, 1903
; 15
A. levyi
Jäger, Rheims & Labarque, 2009
; 16
A. paru
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
; 17
A. suni
Guala, Labarque & Rheims, 2012
. Abbreviations: A = atrium; C = conductor; CO = copulatory openings; dRTA = dorsal branch of RTA; E = embolus; pt = protrusion; vRTA = ventral branch of RTA. Figures 18–19, 24–26, 29, 31 modified from Jäger
et al
. (2009); 20–23, 27–28, 32–33 modified from Guala
et al.
(2012).
In addition, both species show differences in coloration pattern, leg measurements and cheliceral dentition. While
A. yarigui
is generally pale brown, with a darker pattern on the dorsal shield of prossoma and opisthosoma completely covered by guanine crystal spots,
A levyi
is generally pale yellow with simple pale brown marginal bands on prossoma and fewer guanine spots on opisthosoma. Moreover,
Anaptomecus yarigui
has 6–7 retromarginal teeth on the chelicerae and leg formula 2143, while
A. levyi
has 5 retromarginal teeth and leg formula 1243.