Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Author Roman, Bruna Emilia São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Author Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian 0000-0002-6250-0794 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. & lilian. madi @ unesp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6250 - 0794 lilian.madi@unesp.br text Zootaxa 2021 2021-11-05 5061 3 523 544 journal article 3564 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7 c4a3ab5c-5976-4f9b-a21c-d4903aca6390 1175-5326 5649958 8C2F06C6-BF5C-450F-8098-66CEE68709BC Descriptions saltans subgroup ( Figs. 1–7 ) General description of male terminalia. The epandrium, cerci and surstyli are very similar among species. The dorso-ventral portion of the epandrium is angular. The epandrium is covered with short and long epandrial bristles. The cercus displays a U-shaped contour, and it is covered with cercal bristles. The middle ventral border of the epandrium has a pair of prolongations, named epandrial extension, which extend below each surstylus. The surstyli exhibit a semi-elliptical shape. The surstyli have thorn-like bristles, named surstylar teeth. These structures can range from 20 to 25 and are irregularly arranged throughout the internal portion of each surstylus. Beyond these, the surstyli display each 5-6 primary teeth that are arranged in a row on the lower edge, and they also present a tuft of long bristles, named surstylar long bristles. These species present an aedeagal sheath (aedeagus cape). This structure dorsally surrounds the aedeagus and it is extremely sclerotized. The phallus displays a pair of ventral postgonites (ventral prolongation), which extend from where the aedeagus intersects with the phallapodeme and a pair of aedeagal ventral processes, which are in parallel and on the side of the aedeagus. The phallapodeme is long.