The subgenus Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus) (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae) in Madagascar Author Evenhuis, Neal L. 0000-0002-1314-755X J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Research in Entomology, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 - 2704, USA neale @ bishopmuseum. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1314 - 755 X neale@bishopmuseum.org Author Gharali, Babak 0000-0003-2490-156X Plant Protection Research Department, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qazvin, Iran. bgaharaei @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2490 - 156 X bgaharaei@yahoo.com text Zootaxa 2022 2022-12-22 5222 5 401 426 journal article 54548 10.11646/zootaxa.5222.5.1 a2aef7c8-09e1-48f1-983e-00132055a5a2 1175-5326 7471736 F4983B58-7301-4A3F-AC08-3E5120450EA1 Empidideicus (Anomaloptilus) rinhai Evenhuis & Gharali , n. sp. ( Figs 15, 16 , 19 , 38, 39 , 47 , 61, 62 , 77 ) Types. Holotype ♂ and 1♂, 1♀ paratypes from MADAGASCAR : Tulear Province : Zombitse National Park , near ANGAP Office , 840 m , 18–23 Dec 2002 , M.E. Irwin , F. Parker & R . Harin’Hala , Malaise in deciduous spiny forest ( CASLOT 024735 ). Other paratypes : MADAGASCAR : 2♂, Tulear Province : Cape Ste. Marie Special Reserve , 25°35.26′S , 45°09.78′E , 37 m , 9–15 Dec 2002 , M. Irwin , F. Parker , R . Harin’Hala , Malaise in spiny bush ( CASLOT 024734 ); 1♂, same data except 30 Apr–11 May 2003 ( CASLOT 024746 ) . Holotype in CAS , paratypes in CAS and BPBM . Diagnosis. Most similar to E. ( A .) hauseri n. sp. based on having yellow marks in the prescutellar area. It is eastly separated from it based on size ( E. ( A .) rinhai n. sp. is ca. 1 mm long; whereas E. ( A .) hauseri n. sp. is twice that). It is also separated by the lack of coalesced yellow color in the prescutellar area (broadly yellow in E. ( A .) hauseri n. sp. ) and the open anal cell in the wing (anal cell closed in E. ( A .) hauseri n. sp. ). Description Male ( Fig. 15 ). Length: 1.20–1.30 mm . Wing: 1.00– 1.40 mm . Head ( Fig. 19 ): longer than high; eyes dichoptic, separated at vertex by 1.7× distance between lateral ocelli, tapering to narrow face, width about equal to 3 ommatidia; occiput and postgena black; front slightly depressed medially, white; face gray; antennae (cf. Fig. 23 ) with scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres dark brown; scape short, subtrapezoidal; pedicel subconical, wider than long; first flagellomere lanceolate, length 3.5× width; second flagellomere one-half length of first flagellomere, with minute transparent apical style; mentum white; clypeus brown, length one-half of oral margin length; proboscis brown, slightly longer than head length; labrum sclerotized, stiff, pointed apically, length subequal to clypeus, yellow basally, brown apically; palpus not evident. Thorax ( Fig. 38 ). Mesonotum matte black, with white markings in following areas: thin admedian longitudinal vittae not reaching scutellum, leaving two small white marks in prescutellar area and thin connection to vittae; dorsolaterally from humeral callus to postalar callus and two large interhumeral marks; scutellum white, dark brown below along posterior margin; pleura brown with white color on following: posterior half of anepisternum and anepimeron, upper half of meron; upper margin of katepisternum; propleuron white; halter and knob white. Leg . Coxae yellow, brown basally, mid and hind coxae with much more brown than fore coxa; femora and tibiae yellow with some brown basally; tarsi 3–5 pale brown, remainder of leg white. FIGURES 50–58 . Malagasy Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) , abdomens, dorsal view. 50 , E . ( A .) andriambahomananii , n. sp. , female; 51 , E . ( A .) contrasticus , n. sp. , male; 52 , E . ( A .) contrasticus , n. sp. , female; 53 , E . ( A .) hauseri , n. sp. , male; 54 , E . ( A .) hauseri , n. sp. , female; 55 , E . ( A .) irwini , n. sp. , male; 56 , E . ( A .) irwini , n. sp. , female; 57 , E . ( A .) nanus , n. sp. , male; 58 , E . ( A .) regius , n. sp. , male. FIGURES 59–62 . Malagasy Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) , abdomens, dorsal view. 59 , E . ( A .) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis , male; 60 , E . ( A .) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis , female; 61 , E . ( A .) rinhai , n. sp. , male; 62 , E . ( A .) rinhai , n. sp. , female. FIGURES 63–64 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) andriambahomananii , n. sp. , genitalia. 63 , male, A . gonocoxae, ventral view, B , Epandrium, dorsal view, C , phallic complex, dorsal view; 64 , female. Abbreviations: ad = apical spermathecal duct; adb = aedeagal bulb; aed = aedeagus; ap = aedeagal apodeme; cer = cercus; ep = epandrium; fur = furca [= genital fork]; gcx = gonocoxa; gst = gonostylus; hyp = hypandrium; lat = lateral arms of parameral sheath; par = parameral sheath; pmp = sperm pump; ram= lateral rami; spm = spermatheca. Wing ( Fig. 47 ). Elongate, length 2.7× width; hyaline; veins brown; costa ends just beyond end of R 4+5 ; vein Sc incomplete; Rs evanescent at connection with R 1 ; R 4+5 slightly bowed; vein M 1 curved to wing margin; M 2 very slightly curved to wing margin; cell dm closed by apical crossvein; crossvein subequal in width to crossvein r-m; A 1 effaced, straight to wing margin; anal cell narrowly open at wing margin; fringe of hair on posterior margin of wing well shortest at wing tip becoming longer and more sparse toward base. FIGURES 65–66 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) contrasticus , n. sp. , genitalia. 65 , male, A , lateral view, B, phallic complex, dorsal view, C , gonocoxae, ventral view; 66 , female. Abbreviation: ap = aedeagal apodeme. FIGURES 67–68 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) hauseri , n. sp. , genitalia. 67 , male, A , lateral view, B , gonocoxae, ventral view, C , phallic complex, dorsal view, D , epiphallic membrane, dorsal view, E , gonostylus, detail; 68 , female. Abbreviations: cer = cercus; mem= membrane associated with epandrium. Abdomen ( Fig. 61 ). Tergites dark brown to black, narrowly white along posterior margin of tergites and laterally; tergites II and III with pale brown spots dorsolaterally; tergites with sparsely scattered minute brown hairs; sternites white. Genitalia ( Fig. 77 ). Epandrium in lateral view subquadrate with long thin dorsoventral process, process well sclerotized and slightly clubbed apically ( Fig. 77A ), apex with microscopic hairs ( Fig. 77D ); gonocoxa in lateral view conical, tapering to apex; in ventral view with basal sclerotize band and large seta medially on each lobe ( Fig. 77A ); gonostylus subtrapezoidal with rounded medial process, apex of medial process with microscopic hairs ( Fig. 77E ); lateral arms of parameral sheath large, flared apically, not as long as aedeagal apodeme; aedeagal apodeme peanut-shaped, truncate ventrally, with foliate lateral rami; aedeagal bulb large, in dorsal view truncate apically; distal portion of parameral sheath cylindrical with subapical collar-like sheath over aedeagus ( Fig. 77C ). FIGURES 69–70 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) irwini , n. sp. , genitalia. 69 , male, A , gonocoxae, ventral view, B , epandrium, dorsal view, C , phallic complex, dorsal view; 70 , female. FIGURES 71–72 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) nanus , n. sp. , genitalia. 71 , male, A , lateral view, B, gonocoxae, ventral view, C , phallic complex, dorsal view; 72 , female. FIGURES 73–74 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) regius , n. sp. , genitalia. 73 , male, A , lateral view, B , gonocoxae, ventral view, C , phallic complex, D , gonostylus, detail; 74 , female. FIGURES 75–76 . Empidideicus ( Anomaloptilus ) rhinoclypeatus Evenhuis , genitalia. 75 , male, A , lateral view, B , phallic complex and gonocoxae, dorsal view; 76 , female. Abbreviation: gcx = gonocoxa. Female : As in male except as follows: Mesonotum ( Fig. 39 ) with admedian vittae more pronounced and complete from interhumeral marks to prescutellar marks, in some specimens somewhat coalesced in prescutellar area with orangish color; scutellum all white. Abdomen ( Fig. 62 ) with brown and yellow to yellowish white pattern; tergite I with anterior brown band complete; tergites II–V with brown band restricted to medial area brown becoming narrower on succeeding segments, tergites II–V with brown dorsolateral spots in yellowish white area. Sternites white. Genitalia not dissected. Etymology. Named for Rasolandalao Harin’Hala Hasinjaka (“Rin’ha”) who helped collected the type and was instrumental in collecting thousands and thousands of microbombyliids from Madagascar as part of National Science Foundation-funded the “Terrestrial arthropod inventory of Madagascar ”.